Chapter 16 endocrine system 2

31) The hypothalamus controls secretion by the anterior pituitary by A) direct neural stimulation. B) indirect osmotic control. C) secreting releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system. D) altering ion concentrations and pH in the anterior pituitary. E) gap synaptic junctions.

C

39) The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) GH.

A

22) Calcium ions serve as messengers, often in combination with the intracellular protein A) calcitonin. B) calcitriol. C) calmodulin. D) calcium-binding globulin. E) calcitropin.

C

27) Regulatory hormones that control secretion of anterior pituitary hormones are released by neurons at the ________ of the hypothalamus. A) paraventricular nuclei B) supra-optic nuclei C) median eminence D) infundibulum E) geniculate bodies

C

28) Neurons of the supra-optic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture A) CRF and GnRH. B) TSH and FSH. C) ADH and OXT. D) FSH and PRL. E) GHIH and GHRH.

C

38) Growth hormone does all of the following except A) promote bone growth. B) promote muscle growth. C) cause fat accumulation within adipocytes. D) promote amino acid uptake by cells.

C

23) After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex, A) adenylyl cyclase is activated. B) cAMP is formed. C) G proteins are phosphorylated. D) gene transcription is initiated. E) ion channels are opened.

D

29) The hypophyseal portal system A) has two capillary plexuses connected by short veins. B) carries neurosecretions to the anterior lobe of the pituitary. C) carries ADH and oxytocin. D) All of the answers are correct. E) None of the answers is correct.

D

34) The posterior pituitary gland secretes A) FSH. B) TSH. C) ACTH. D) ADH. E) MSH.

D

36) Which of the following is released due to sensory input and thus part of a neuroendocrine reflex? A) FSH B) OXT C) TSH D) corticotropin E) somatotropin

B

40) The pituitary hormone that controls the release of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) GH.

B