Chapter 16 HY 121

Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States?

1880

Which of the following was John D. Rockefeller's company?

Standard Oil Company

The first federal agency intended to regulate economic activity, and ensure that railroad rates were reasonable, and favoritism was avoided was:

The Interstate Commerce Commission.

Two of the Gilded Age's leading business figures were:

Thomas A. Scott and Andrew Carnegie.

According to Social Darwinism, government should seek to help the poor, and build an activist state to regulate the nation's corporations. /// true or false

false

At the Battle of Little Big Horn, General George Armstrong Custer's troops were victorious.

false

The new American Indian tribes that migrated to the Great Plains were greeted with open arms and friendly words by the Indians already living there.

false

Which of the following best describes the Ghost Dance?

feared by U.S. Army officials

Farms that covered thousands of acres and employed large numbers of agricultural wage workers.

Bonanza farms

Which of the following can be associated with the death of the Knights of Labor?

Haymarket Square

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

Munn v. Illinois; Wabash v. Illinois; Interstate Commerce Act; Lochner v. New York

What was the book in which Henry George proposed a "single tax" on real estate that would replace all other taxes?

Progress and Poverty

Law passed in 1887 meant to encourage adoption of white norms among Indians; broke up tribal holdings into small farms for Indian families, with the remainder sold to white purchasers.

The Dawes Act

The idea proposed by Andrew Carnegie in 1889 that those who are wealthy have an obligation to use their resources to improve society.

gospel of wealth

According to Eric Foner, the federal government contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century by:

granting land to railroads, removing Indians from desirable lands in the West, and enacting high tariffs.

What were the central factors in the explosive economic growth in the second industrial revolution?

growing supply of labor expanded markets for manufactured goods the country's abundant natural resources

The 1887 Dawes Act

led to the loss of tribal lands and the erosion of Indian Cultural traditions

Which was not a central factor in the explosive economic growth in the second Industrial Revolution?

low tariffs

Preached by liberal Protestant clergymen in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; advocated the application of Christian principles to social problems generated by industrialization.

social gospel

Which of the following were key episodes of the "great upheaval" of 1886?

the Haymarket Affair nationwide demonstrations for an eight-hour day Henry George's New York mayoral campaign

The industrial revolution in the United States took place principally in:

the Northeast and the Midwest.

In the late nineteenth century, the Republican Party found particularly strong support among all of the following except:

the irish- americans

What was the name of the organization that sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886?

the knights of labor

In 1890, the distribution of wealth in the United States was:

the top 1 percent of Americans owned more property than the remaining 99 percent

"Vertical integration" is defined as one company controlling every phase of the business from raw materials to transportation, manufacturing, and distribution./// true or false

true

A significant amount of Mexican-era landholdings were made available for sale because United States courts only recognized land titles to individual plots of land.

true

By the 1880s, the labor situation was such that Texas cowboys even went on strike for higher pay.

true

By the early 1890s, a pension system for Union soldiers, their widows, and children consumed more than 40 percent of the federal budget.

true

During the second industrial revolution, wage labor became America's leading source of livelihood.

true

In the late 1800s, California tried to attract immigrants by advertising its pleasant climate and the availability of land, although large-scale corporate farms were coming to dominate the state's agriculture.

true

On December 29, 1890, soldiers killed between 150 and 200 American Indians, mostly women and children, near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota.

true

The Haymarket Affair resulted in the hanging of four convicted anarchists. // true or false

true

The Knights of Labor regarded inequalities of wealth and power as a growing threat to American democracy.

true

The term "Lochnerism" derived from the 1905 Supreme Court decision Lochner v. New York, in which the Court voided the state's law establishing a ten-hour day maximum for bakers.

true