Chapter 16 MCQB

238) Which neuron type has only two cell major processes attached to its cell body? a) Bipolar b) Multipolar c) Unipolar

a) Bipolar

262) During a histological survey of nervous tissue, columnar cells with cilia and microvilli were observed under the microscope. What is the most likely source of the tissue sample? a) brain ventricles b) white matter of spinal cord c) gray matter of brain d) ganglion of PNS

a) brain ventricles

251) Select the best description of the microglia: a) help maintain the blood-brain barrier b) phagocytes of the central nervous system c) phagocytes of the peripheral nervous system d) form lining of brain ventricles

b) phagocytes of the central nervous system

266) White matter includes: a) ganglia b) a thin outer layer of most of the brain c) tracts in the spinal cord d) nuclei in the brain e) A and B

c) tracts in the spinal cord

225) Neurons a) are variable in size, with some neurons being the longest cells in the body. b) are electrically excitable (can produce action potentials (nerve impulses)). c) display great diversity in size and shape. d) A and B e) A, B, and C

e) A, B, and C

A synapse is a functional junction between: a) a neuron and a glandular cell. b) two neurons. c) a neuron and a muscle cell. d) A and B e) A, B, and C

e) A, B, and C

221) Which nerve fibers carry impulses from sensory receptors in the hand to the CNS when you touch a hot stove? (1) Afferent (2) Efferent (3) Peripheral (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 2 & 3 (e) 1 & 3

(e) 1 & 3

253) Microglia are the electrically exciteable cells of the CNS. a) True b) False

b) False

252) Ependymal cells line brain ventricles and form cerebral spinal fluid. a) True b) False

a) True

218) The peripheral nervous system does NOT include a) the effectors (e.g., muscles and glands). b) cranial nerves and their branches. c) spinal nerves and their branches. d) ganglia e) none of the above

a) the effectors (e.g., muscles and glands).

239) This functional neuron type is structurally a multipolar neuron. a) Sensory b) Motor

Motor

257) Which neuroglia form a single layer that possesses microvilli and cilia to circulate cerebrospinal fluid? a) microglia b) ependymal cells c) astrocytes d) Schwann cells

b) ependymal cells

245) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding oligodendrocytes? a) They line the fluid-filled ventricles of the brain. b) They are not as numerous as astrocytes. c) They are smaller than astrocytes. d) They form myelin sheaths around central nervous system axons.

a) They line the fluid-filled ventricles of the brain.

232) Select the best description of axon terminals: a) fine processes at the ends of an axon b) side branches along the length of an axon c) stored in synaptic vesicles d) join axon to cell body

a) fine processes at the ends of an axon

261) During a histological study of nervous tissue from the CNS, myelin is observed surrounding the axons of the neurons. Based on the presence of the myelin, what other conclusion can be made for this specimen? a) oligodendrocytes are present b) Schwann cells are present c) Microglial microglial cells are present d) ependymal cells are present

a) oligodendrocytes are present

263) Both types of neuroglia that produce and maintain a myelin sheath in nervous tissue are abundant in adults. Which of the following accurately describes how they differ? Select all that apply. a) one oligodendrocyte can associate with multiple axons whereas multiple Schwann cells associate with a single axon b) oligodendrocytes are only in CNS whereas Schwann cells are only in PNS. c) oligodendrocytes are found exclusively in gray matter whereas Schwann cells are found exclusively in white matter d) oligodendrocytes produce cerebrospinal fluid and myelin whereas Schwann cells only produce myelin e) A and B

a) one oligodendrocyte can associate with multiple axons whereas multiple Schwann cells associate with a single axon b) oligodendrocytes are only in CNS whereas Schwann cells are only in PNS.

250) Which of the following neuroglia would be found in the peripheral nervous system? a) satellite cells b) astrocytes c) oligodendrocytes d) microglia

a) satellite cells

260) Which neuroglia are thin and regulate the exchange of materials between the interstitial fluids and neuron cell bodies? a) satellite cells b) ependymal cells c) microglial cells d) oligodendrocytes

a) satellite cells

229) Which of the following correctly describes dendrites? a) They are found only in the CNS. b) They receive information from receptors or other neurons. c) They generate the axon potential. d) They are found only in the PNS.

b) They receive information from receptors or other neurons.

230) Select the best description of an axon: a) accumulates as yellow-brown granules as the cell ages b) carries nerve impluses towards another neuron, a muscle fibre, or a gland cell c) contains a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm d) receiving or input portion of a neuron e) none of the above

b) carries nerve impluses towards another neuron, a muscle fibre, or a gland cell

216) The nervous system consists of two main interconnected anatomical divisions. They are the ______ and the ______. a) central nervous system (PNS); peripheral nervous system (CNS) b) central nervous system (CNS); peripheral nervous system (PNS) c) sensory nervous system (SNS); motor nervous system (MNS) d) A and B e) A and C

b) central nervous system (CNS); peripheral nervous system (PNS)

228) Dendrites are processes of a neuron that: a) carry nerve impulses away from the neuron cell body. b) contain numerous receptor sites for binding chemical messengers from other cells. c) are usually longer than axons. d) are usually myelinated. e) none of these choices

b) contain numerous receptor sites for binding chemical messengers from other cells.

247) Select the best description of the ependymal cells: a) form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system b) form lining of brain ventricles c) help maintain the blood-brain barrier d) surround neurons in peripheral nervous system ganglia

b) form lining of brain ventricles

248) Select the best description of the oligodendrocytes: a) surround neurons in peripheral nervous system ganglia b) form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system c) help maintain the blood-brain barrier d) form myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system

b) form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system

268) A _____ refers to a small mass of nervous tissue, consisting primarily of neuron cell bodies, outside of the brain and spinal cord. a) nucleus b) ganglion c) nerve d) tract

b) ganglion

267) Which of the following is/are NOT found in high levels in gray matter of nervous tissue? a) neuron cell bodies b) myelinated axons c) neuroglia d) dendrites e) A and B

b) myelinated axons

Which of the following is/are accurate? Select all that apply. a) neuroglia are more numerous than neurons b) neuroglia are smaller than neurons c) neuroglia generate nerve impulses and neurons do not d) neuroglia can fill in spaces formerly occupied by neurons e) A, B and D

b) neuroglia are smaller than neurons a) neuroglia are more numerous than neurons d) neuroglia can fill in spaces formerly occupied by neurons

243) Which type of neuroglia forms and maintains the protective covering around the axons of the CNS? a) ependymal cells b) oligodendrocytes c) microglia d) astrocytes

b) oligodendrocytes

236) At a synapse between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron, the axon would be part of a _____ neuron; the dendrite would be part of a _____ neuron. a) postsynaptic, presynaptic b) presynaptic, postsynaptic c) visceral, somatic d) somatic, visceral

b) presynaptic, postsynaptic

256) Select the best description of the satellite cells: a) form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system b) surround cell bodies in peripheral nervous system ganglia c) help maintain the blood-brain barrier d) form lining of brain ventricles

b) surround cell bodies in peripheral nervous system ganglia

237) Which structure of the neuron is included in the neuromuscular junction? a) the cell body (perikaryon) b) the axon terminal c) the axon hillock d) the dendrites

b) the axon terminal

235) Which structure of the neuron will contain the greatest number of neurotransmitter receptors? a) the Nissl bodies b) the dendrites c) the axoplasm d) the synaptic vesicles

b) the dendrites

227) Select the best description of dendrites: a) accumulates as yellow-brown granules as the cell ages b) usually short and branched c) stored in synaptic vesicles d) usually myelinated

b) usually short and branched

269) Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely matched? a) gray matter, myelinated axons of the peripheral nervous system b) white matter, tracts in the central nervous system c) white matter, neuron cell bodies in a ganglion d) gray matter, Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes) in the peripheral nervous system

b) white matter, tracts in the central nervous system

265) When compared to unmyelinated axons, myelinated axons: 1. are electrically insulated 2. are gray in color 3. have a faster speed of nerve impulse conduction 4. are more numerous a) 1, 2, 3, 4 b) 1, 2, 4 only c) 1, 3, 4 only d) 2, 3, 4 only

c) 1, 3, 4 only

219) _____ (or motor) impulses travel from the _____ to the _____ (muscles or glands). a) Efferent, effectors, central nervous system b) Afferent, central nervous system, effectors c) Efferent, central nervous system, effectors d) Afferent, effectors, central nervous system

c) Efferent, central nervous system, effectors

244) Which of the following are types of glia in the PNS? a) Oligodendrocytes and satellite cells b) Microglia and Schwann cells c) Satellite cells and Schwann cells d) Oligodendrocytes and microglia

c) Satellite cells and Schwann cells

254) Which neuroglia would be most responsible for helping to prevent pathogens and toxins from entering the brain from the blood? a) ependymal cells b) Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes) c) astrocytes d) oligodendrocytes

c) astrocytes

231) The axon hillock is the part of a neuron that: a) passes nerve impulses directly to another cell. b) stores neurotransmitters in vesicles. c) connects the axon to the neuron cell body. d) gives rise to axon collaterals.

c) connects the axon to the neuron cell body.

The somatic nervous system (SNS) a) conveys information to the CNS from the skin, skeletal muscles, joints, and special sensory receptors. b) conveys information from the CNS that causes contraction of all types of muscles. c) consists of somatic sensory neurons and somatic motor neurons. d) A and B e) A and C

c) consists of somatic sensory neurons and somatic motor neurons.

249) Select the best description of astrocytes: a) surround neurons in peripheral nervous system ganglia b) form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system c) help maintain the blood-brain barrier d) form myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system

c) help maintain the blood-brain barrier

240) A major difference between neurons (nerve cells) and neuroglia (glia) is: a) neuroglia are found only in the central nervous system. b) neurons are generally smaller than neuroglia. c) mature neurons do not normally divide; neuroglia do. d) neurons are more numerous than neuroglia.

c) mature neurons do not normally divide; neuroglia do.

226) Select the best description of Nissl bodies: a) accumulate as yellow-brown granules as the cell ages b) form(s) part of the cytoskeleton c) rough endoplasmic reticulum d) usually short and branched

c) rough endoplasmic reticulum

234) Select the best description of neurotransmitter molecules: a) accumulate as yellow-brown granules as the cell ages b) fine processes at the ends of axons c) stored in synaptic vesicles d) usually short and branched

c) stored in synaptic vesicles

246) The following are all functions of astrocytes EXCEPT: a) they help maintain the blood-brain barrier. b) they help maintain proper K+ balance. c) they synthesize neurotransmitters. d) they participate in brain development.

c) they synthesize neurotransmitters.

217) The CNS a) does not include structures in the peripheral nervous system.. b) is composed of the brain and spinal cord. c) includes the cranial nerves. d) A and B e) A and C

d) A and B

264) Which type(s) of neuroglia is/are associated with myelin sheaths? Select all that apply. a) Schwann cells b) oligodendrocytes c) satellite cells d) A and B

d) A and B

220) _____ (or sensory) impulses travel from the _____ to the _____. a) Efferent, central nervous system, receptors b) Efferent, receptors, central nervous system c) Afferent, central nervous system, receptors d) Afferent, receptors, central nervous system

d) Afferent, receptors, central nervous system

255) Select the best description of the Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes): a) surround cell bodies in peripheral nervous system ganglia b) form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system c) help maintain the blood-brain barrier d) form myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system

d) form myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system

223) Which of the following convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to skeletal muscles only? a) sympathetic motor neurons b) parasympathetic motor neurons c) somatic sensory neurons d) somatic motor neurons e) afferent motor neurons

d) somatic motor neurons

242) Which neuroglia are located exclusively in the PNS? a) Schwann cells b) satellite cells c) microglia d) astrocytes e) A and B

e) A and B

258) Select all of the neuroglial types of the PNS. a) Schwann cells b) satellite cells c) ependymal cells d) microglial cells e) A and B

e) A and B

259) Which neuroglia surround neuron axons? Select all that apply. a) oligodendrocytes b) Schwann cells c) ependymal cells d) microglial cells e) A and B

e) A and B

224) The autonomic nervous system a) conveys information to the CNS, via autonomic (visceral) sensory neurons, about events in visceral organs. b) conveys information from the CNS, via autonomic motor neurons, to smooth muscle, cardiac muscles, and glands. c) has two main divisions, the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division. d) has a third division, according to Tortora, the enteric nervous system. e) all of the above

e) all of the above