Chapter 16 Motivating Employees
Ricky is a manager at InfoServices, where she rewards the top sales employee every month by giving him or her a high-definition TV or PC. This is an example of what employee motivation program?
. Lifestyle award
Jeff and Rob have a difficult time getting along at work. Most days, Jeff spends a lot of time cracking jokes and goofing off, while Rob constantly nags him and tells him to act like a grownup. On days when Jeff is more reserved, Rob does not nag him, hoping that this will result in improved behavior down the road. This is an example of which form of behavior modification?
Avoidance learning
Which of the following is NOT a need proposed by Maslow in his hierarchy of needs theory?
Compensation needs
Which of the following theories emphasize the needs that motivate people?
Content
_____ is power sharing, or the delegation of power or authority to subordinates in an organization.
Empowerment
_____ theory deals with employee's perception of fairness.
Equity
Nelson is motivated by a strong need for recognition and is continually seeking credit for his contributions to the organization. According to Maslow, Neil is motivated by which category of needs?
Esteem
Which of the following is based on the relationships between effort, performance, and outcomes?
Expectancy theory
Which of these refers to the withdrawal of a positive reward, meaning that behavior is no longer reinforced and hence is less likely to occur in the future?
Extinction
_____ is the extent to which doing the job provides information back to the employee about his or her performance.
Feedback
In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the degree to which goals are concrete and unambiguous.
Goal Specificity
Highroller Casinos provides good salaries and benefits, including bonuses of up to 25 percent of annual salaries. However, the company has been criticized for not establishing an achievement or recognition program for its employees. Which of the following best describes the company in terms of the two-factor theory?
Good hygiene factors and inadequate motivators
Alden is a recent college graduate. He is unsure about his future. A counselor in his university's career resources office recently told Alden that he had a high need for achievement. Based on this, what type of career should Alden pursue?
He should think about starting his own business.
Which motivation theory proposes that needs must be satisfied in sequence?
Hierarchy of needs theory
Which of the following is a content theory that proposes that people are motivated by physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs?
Hierarchy of needs theory
Which of the following combines a series of tasks into one new, broader job?
Job enlargement
_____ systematically moves employees from one job to another, thereby increasing the number of different tasks an employee performs without increasing the complexity of any one job.
Job rotation
Tim is a manager at Chuck's Construction. He sees little opportunity for advancement at Chuck's Construction, regardless of how well he performs. Which of the following expectancies is low for Tim?
P -> O expectancy
_____ describe the most basic human physical needs, including food, water and oxygen.
Physiological needs
Which of the following theories focuses on employee learning of desired work behaviors?
Reinforcement theory
Which of the following theories places an emphasis on behavior and its consequences?
Reinforcement theory
Which theory proposes that an individual's motivation can result not just from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from the person's thoughts and beliefs and his or her observations of other people's behavior?
Social learning theory
Daisy tried to apply the job characteristics model to her workforce, but it only worked for some of her employees. Which of the following may be a reason why it did not work for everyone?
Some of her employees are low in growth-need strength.
Which of the following describes the value or attraction an individual has for an outcome?
Valence
The desire to form close personal relationships, avoid conflict, and establish warm friendships, describes:
a need for affiliation
On the continuum of empowerment, employees who are self-managed:
are responsible for decision process and strategy.
The removal of an unpleasant consequence following a desired behavior is referred to as:
avoidance learning.
A recent study from the U.S. Department of Labor shows that the top reason that people leave their jobs is because they:
don't feel appreciated.
Katie dislikes almost everything about her job. The only reason she continues to work at Mace Autobody is the excellent benefits package she receives. Katie is motivated by:
extrinsic rewards.
In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the degree to which goals are concrete and unambiguous.
goal specificity
A job design that incorporates achievement, recognition, and other high-level motivators into the work is referred to as:
job enrichment.
A high need for _____ is associated with successful attainment of top levels in the organizational hierarchy, according to McClelland.
power
Theories that explain how employees select the behaviors that allow them to meet their needs are known as:
process theories.
Frank is primarily driven by a need to establish close social relationships with other people. Alderfer would say he is motivated by:
relatedness needs.
The core dimension of Hackman and Oldham's model of job characteristics that is based on the number of diverse activities that make up a job is known as:
skill variety.