Chapter 16: Pregnancy and Lactation

The RDA for Vitamin D during pregnancy is ____ ug/day. Multiple choice question. 50 15 5 25

15

Low birth weight describes an infant whose birth weight is less than ______ lbs

5.5

As of 2016, the percentage of US babies that have been breastfed has increased to about ______. Multiple choice question. 25 50 84 100

84

Which of the following is not a recommendation to control morning sickness during pregnancy? Avoiding chili and other spicy foods Eating 1 or 2 crackers before getting out of bed in the morning Eating small meals every 2 to 3 hours Choosing carbohydrates that are easy to digest, such as oatmeal and brown rice

Choosing carbohydrates that are easy to digest, such as oatmeal and brown rice

To optimize their chances of conceiving, which of the following recommendations would you make as part of the "fertility diet?" Consume full-fat dairy, rather than low-fat dairy Avoid vegetables Consume more animal protein Limit intake of monounsaturated fats

Consume full-fat dairy, rather than low-fat dairy

Which statement is true about human milk? Multiple choice question. Exclusive breastfeeding is sufficient to meet the nutrient needs of the infant for the first 2 years. Reason: Breastfeeding with the addition of age-appropriate complementary foods will supply adequate nutrition through the first year of life. By 6 months of age, infants need more iron than breastmilk alone can supply. Exclusive breastfeeding is sufficient to meet the nutrient needs of the infant for about the first 12 months. Reason: Breastfeeding with the addition of age-appropriate complementary foods will supply adequate nutrition through the first year of life. By 6 months of age, infants need more iron than breastmilk alone can supply. Exclusive breastfeeding is sufficient to meet the nutrient needs of the infant for about 6 months.

Exclusive breastfeeding is sufficient to meet the nutrient needs of the infant for about 6 months.

Choose the true statements about lactation. Multiple select question. Mammary glands make lactose, proteins, and some fatty acids. Milk production occurs right after conception. The mother's nutritional status influences the nutritional quality of the milk she produces. Mammary glands remove vitamins and minerals from the mother's bloodstream.

Mammary glands make lactose, proteins, and some fatty acids. The mother's nutritional status influences the nutritional quality of the milk she produces. Mammary glands remove vitamins and minerals from the mother's bloodstream.

What organ houses and protects the developing fetus during gestation? Multiple choice question. Uterus Vagina Urethra Fallopian tube

Uterus

Exposure of high levels of lead during or before pregnancy can lead to Multiple select question. a low birth weight infant. a preterm delivery. miscarriage. increased risk of fetal cancer.

a low birth weight infant. a preterm delivery. miscarriage.

During the first 3 to 4 days after giving birth, a woman breasts secrete a yellow fluid called ________

colostrum

What is the name of the first milk produced by the mother? Multiple choice question. foremilk colostrum mature milk transitional milk

colostrum

What practice of feeding newborn infants became popular in the 1940s? Multiple choice question. feeding bottled formula feeding canned baby food feeding rice cereal breastfeeding

feeding bottled formula

Which of the following nutrients is particularly important during the preconception period? Vitamin C Magnesium Folate Fiber

folate

The prenatal period is ______. Multiple choice question. the time prior to conception from the point at which a woman's egg is fertilized by a sperm until pregnancy occurs from conception until birth

from conception until birth

The time between conception of a baby and the birth of the baby is termed ______. Multiple choice question. gestation trimesters of pregnancy conception period pregnancy

gestation

When a pregnant women is diagnosed with elevated blood pressure for the first time after 20 weeks of gestation, her condition is called ________ ___________

gestational hypertension

Women who gain too much weight during pregnancy are at an increased risk of delivering a ________. Multiple choice question. preterm infant. low birth weight infant high birth weight infant.

high birth weight

An increased synthesis and secretion of human placental lactogen during pregnancy ________. increases blood volume slows gastrointestinal tract movement increases metabolic rate stimulates cells in the breast to prepare for milk production

increases metabolic rate

The main causes of anemia during pregnancy are Multiple select question. insufficient dietary iron intake. insufficient dietary calcium intake. shrinkage of the mother's blood volume. expansion of the mother's blood volume.

insufficient dietary iron intake. expansion of the mother's blood volume.

The nutrients of importance for women who are pregnant or lactating are ______. Multiple select question. iron calcium folate iodine choline

iron folate iodine choline

Vitamin D deficiency ________ widespread among women in the US. Multiple choice question. is is not

is

At present, there _______ conclusive evidence that caffeine consumption during pregnancy contributes to miscarriage. Multiple choice question. is no is some is abundant

is no

Having adequate nutrient stores to support a pregnancy is important before becoming pregnancy because ______. Multiple choice question. it will make it more likely the couple can predict the sex of their baby a healthy diet before pregnancy is more important than the diet during pregnancy many women do not realize they are pregnant until 6 to 8 weeks of gestation

many women do not realize they are pregnant until 6 to 8 weeks of gestation

Certain medications can contribute to poor birth outcomes such as ______. Multiple select question. miscarriage low birth weight neurodevelopment delay high birth weight babies

miscarriage low birth weight neurodevelopment delay

Only "Category A" medications are tested on pregnant women because ______. Multiple choice question. these are the only medicines necessary during pregnancy of ethical limitations of testing medications on pregnant women most medications lead to negative outcomes during pregnancy so should be avoided all other medications have been deemed to be safe during pregnancy

of ethical limitations of testing medications on pregnant women

Choose the recommendations to manage diabetes during pregnancy. Multiple select question. decrease her insulin participate in regular exercise monitor blood glucose levels eat healthy foods

participate in regular exercise monitor blood glucose levels eat healthy foods

The 3-month time before pregnancy is called the _________ period

preconception

the _________ period encompasses the time from conception, until the birth of a full-term infant.

prenatal, gestation, or preconception

By the beginning of the ______ trimester, the fetus weighs about 1 and a half ounces and is about 3 and a half inches long. Multiple choice question. first third second

second

By the beginning of the ______ trimester, the fetus weighs about 1 and a half ounces and is about 3 and a half inches long. Multiple choice question. second third first

second

If a woman gains too much weight during her pregnancy Multiple select question. the food cravings she experiences during pregnancy may not disappear. she may not be able to successfully breastfeed her infant. she may have difficulty losing weight after delivery. she has an increased risk of delivery complications.

she may have difficulty losing weight after delivery. she has an increased risk of delivery complications.

Advantages of breastfeeding for the new mother include ______. Multiple choice question. ensures that the baby will sleep through the night sooner shrinking of uterus to pre-pregnancy size provides a reliable form of birth control

shrinking of uterus to pre-pregnancy size

An increased synthesis and secretion of prolactin during pregnancy _________. slows gastrointestinal tract movement stimulates cells in the breast to prepare for milk production increases metabolic rate increases blood volume

stimulates cells in the breast to prepare for milk production

Choose the definitions for fertility in men and women. Multiple select question. regular menstrual cycles the ability to have sex the ability to produce healthy, viable sperm the ability to become pregnant

the ability to produce healthy, viable sperm the ability to become pregnant

The type of fat in human milk reflects Multiple choice question. the type of fats stored in the mother's adipose tissue. the type of fats consumed by the mother. the type of fats needed by the developing infant.

the type of fats consumed by the mother.

True or false: Women who breastfeed have a lower risk for developing ovarian cancer and breast cancer.

true

The fat content of human milk ________ among mothers. does not vary varies greatly

varies greatly