chapter 16 senses
Which of the following is NOT true about rods compared to cones?
Rods are most numerous in the fovea.
Which of the following statements about nerve fibers of the optic nerves is true?
The nasal fibers from both retinas crossover at the optic chiasm.
Conjunctiva is a membrane covering interior of palpebrae &
anterior cornea.
Intraocular pressure is primarily due to the
aqueous humor
Which of the following is the passageway between the middle ear and the pharynx?
auditory (Eustachian) tube
The receptor cells for hearing are located on the upper surface of what membrane?
basilar membrane
The structure that separates the cochlear duct from the tympanic duct (scala tympani) is the
basilar membrane.
Perilymph fills the
bony labyrinth
The angles where the eyelids join at the medial and lateral margins of the eye are called
canthi (commissures).
Which of the following is part of the vascular tunic of the eye?
choroid
Contraction of which of the following muscles is involved with changing the shape of the lens?
ciliary muscles
As you view your right index finger moving toward the tip of your nose, all of the following occur EXCEPT
ciliary muscles relax
Constriction of the pupil is brought about by contraction of the
circular muscle of the iris
Sound waves are translated into nerve impulses in the
cochlea
All of the following structures are found in the middle ear EXCEPT
cochlea.
Endolymph is found within the
cochlear duct
All of the following are part of the middle "vascular" tunic of the eye EXCEPT
cornea
Image formation depends on refraction, the bending of light. At which location does the greatest amount of refraction occur?
cornea
Most of the refraction of light entering the eye occurs at the
cornea
The transparent anterior portion of the outer eye coat, which allows light rays to enter the interior of the eye is the
cornea
Which of the following is a possible explanation for a person losing all vision in their left eye?
damage to the left optic nerve
Aqueous humor
exits the eye through the canal of Schlemm.
What is the name of the short tube that conveys sound waves to the tympanic membrane?
external auditory meatus(canal)
Identify the three layers of the eye in from the outer most layer to the inner most layer.
fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, nervous tunic
All of the following are important in bringing an image to focus on the retina when viewing an object close to the eye EXCEPT
flattening of the lenses
Which of the following is the location in the retina at which the sharpest images are produced?
fovea centralis
As they extend from the retina to the brain, nerve fibers
from the nasal half of each retina cross to reach the opposite visual cortex
Cone cells
function in color vision and visual acuity.
Axons of which of the following type of cells exit the eye in the optic nerve?
ganglion
In the retina there are cones that are most sensitive to a particular color. Indicate these colors(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
green blue red
The neural receptors for the sense of hearing are located in the
inner ear
The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors of the
inner ear.
The colored (blue, brown, green) portion of the eye, as seen in an anterior view, is which of the following?
iris
The watery fluid we call "tears" is secreted by
lacrimal glands Aqueous humor
As a result of an injury, a person cannot see at all with the left eye, but has no trouble seeing with the right eye. The injury has probably severed the
left optic nerve
Contraction of the smooth muscle in the ciliary body causes the
lens to become more spherical.
All of the following are bones that make up the auditory ossicles, except the
oval.
What fluid is located between the bony and membranous labyrinths within the inner ear?
perilymph
From superficial to deep, the three main cell layers of the neural layer of the retina are
photoreceptors - bipolar cells - ganglion cells
The cartilaginous structure that surrounds the external auditory meatus is the
pinna (auricle).
Dilation of the pupil is brought about by contraction of the
radial muscles of the iris
If the ciliary muscles contract, the suspensory ligaments __________ and the lens __________.
relax; thickens
Which layer of the eye contains the photoreceptor cells?
retina
The organ of Corti (spiral organ) is found within the
scala media (cochlear duct).
The round window connects to the
scala tympani
The "white" of the eye, which gives shape to the eyeball, makes it more rigid, and protects its inner parts is the
sclera
The bodies of sensory neurons that innervate the hair cells of the inner ear form the _____ ganglion.
spiral
The oval window connects to the
stapes
Which auditory ossicle causes the oval window to move in and out, setting fluid in the inner ear in motion?
stapes
The external auditory canal passes through the
temporal bone
The sensation of hearing occurs when sensory impulses from the ears are transmitted to the auditory cortex in the __________ lobe from the __________ nerve.
temporal; vestibulocochlear
During accommodation for near vision
the lens increases in curvature
The hair cells of the spiral organ (organ of Corti) are covered with
the tectorial membrane.
The blind spot is the area where
there are no rods or cones
Which of the below structures acts to convert sound waves to vibrations?
tympanic membrane
The ossicles connect the
tympanic membrane to the oval window.
Which of the following represents the correct pathway leading to the perception of sound?
tympanic membrane, ossicles, perilymph, endolymph, hair cells
The external auditory canal ends at the
tympanic membrane.
All of the following are part of the cochlea EXCEPT
utricle
Nerve fibers that synapse with hair cells in the organ of Corti unite to form part of the _____ nerve
vestibulocochlear
Which of the below structures carries action potentials caused by sound transduction?
vestibulocochlear nerve
Damage to the crossed fibers of optic chiasma may result in
visual loss of the lateral hemifield of each eye.
Given these structures list the structures in the correct order that tears would flow through them after being produced in the lacrimal gland.1.lacrimal canaliculi 2.lacrimal gland ducts 3.lacrimal sac 4.nasolacrimal duct (canal) 5.puncta
2,5,1,3,4
Given these structures choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order that light entering the eye encounters them.1.lens2.aqueous humor3.vitreous humor4.cornea
4,2,1,3
Given these parts of the retina List the parts in the order an action potential travels through them after light strikes the retina. 1.bipolar cells 2.ganglion cells 3.optic disc 4.optic nerve 5.photoreceptor cells
5,1,2,3,4
Which of the below structures converts vibrations to action potentials?
Organ of Corti
The suspensory ligaments pull and the lens flattens.
Aqueous humor drains from the anterior chamber into the
Which of the following is NOT true about cones compared to rods?
Cones contain the substance rhodopsin.
Which of the following helps maintain proper air pressure in the middle ear?
Eustachian tube
Which cranial nerve carries visual impulses to the brain?
II
Which of the following is NOT a function of the sclera?
It helps nourish the retina.
Which of the following statements about the lens is NOT true?
It is attached to the retina by suspensory ligaments.
Which of the following is NOT true about the cornea?
It is nourished by the vitreous humor.
Which auditory ossicle is attached to the tympanic membrane?
malleus
Identify the correct order in which vibrations travel through the auditory ossicles.
malleus, incus, stapes
After washing across the eyes, "tears" enter the nasal cavity through which of the following?
nasolacrimal ducts
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the retina?
optic chiasma
At which of the following locations do blood vessels and nerves enter or exit the eye?
optic disc
Which of the following is commonly called the "blind spot" of the eye because it lacks photoreceptor cells?
optic disc
The blind spot of the eye is the
optic disc.
The receptor cells for hearing, hair cells, are located within the
organ of Corti
