Chapter 17 (quizzes and test from heather)
Which of the following conditions contraindicates the use of a femoral approach during cerebral angiography? A) Arterial aneurysm B) Obese patient C) Lack of pulsation in the femoral artery D) Arteriovenous malformations
A) Arterial aneurysm (feminine art) Pg 662: the femoral artery is the preferred site for an arterial puncture because of the size and easily accessible location. If a femoral artery puncture is contraindicated because of previous surgical grafts, the presence of an aneurysm, or occlusive vascular disease, the axial, brachial, or radial artery may be selected.
Which vessel is formed when the vertebral arteries join together at the base of the skull? A) Basilar artery B) Middle cerebral artery C) Anterior cerebral artery D) Middle meningeal artery
A) Basilar artery (base is basilar) Two vertebral arteries enter the cranium through the foramen magnum and unite to form the single basilar artery...forms the vertebrobasilar system.
Which vessel is the preferred site for arterial puncture for most angiography? A) Femoral artery B) Brachial artery C) Subclavian artery D) External iliac artery
A) Femoral artery (feminine art) pg. 662: the femoral artery is the preferred site for an arterial puncture because of the size and easily accessible location.
Which is the longest vein in the body? A) Great (long) saphenous vein B) Inferior vena cava C) Femoral vein D) Popliteal vein
A) Great (long) saphenous vein Pg. 660: the great saphenous vein is the longest vein in the body.
Which veins drain blood from the meninges of the brain? A) Internal jugular veins B) Vertebral veins C) Brachiocephalic veins D) External jugular veins
A) Internal jugular veins pg. 656: each internal jugular vein drains the meninges and brain.
Which of the following vessels is not part of the arterial circle (circle of Willis)? A) Middle cerebral artery B) Internal carotid artery C) Posterior communicating artery D) Anterior cerebral artery
A) Middle cerebral artery pg. 655: the five arteries/branches at make up the arterial circle are... 1) anterior communicating artery 2) anterior cerebral arteries 3) branches of the internal carotid arteries 4) posterior communicating artery 5) posterior cerebral arteries
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system? A) Producing red blood cells B) Transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones C) Removing waste products D) Maintaining body temperature
A) Producing red blood cells Pg. 650: Cardivascular System Functions: 1) Transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones 2) Removing waste products Through kidneys & lungs 3) Maintaining body temp, water, and electrolyte balance - performed by RBC's, WBC's, and platelets.
Which vessel carries blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart? A) Pulmonary vein B) Pulmonary artery C) Coronary vein D) Azygos vein
A) Pulmonary vein pg. 651: pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs oxygenated blood returns through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium of the heart.
Which of the following vessels is NOT a major branch of the aortic arch? A) Right common carotid artery B) Left common carotid artery C) Brachiocephalic artery D) Left subclavian artery
A) Right common carotid artery Pg. 653: Branches of the aortic arch 1. Brachiocephalic artery 2. LT common carotid artery 3. LT subclavian
Which of the following functions is NOT performed by the lymphatic system? A) Synthesizing certain amino acids B) Transferring fats from intestine to the blood C) Filtering the lymph D) Returning proteins and other substances to the blood
A) Synthesizing certain amino acids See PowerPoint under week 9 in the lecture folder.
What is the largest lymph vessel in the body? A) Thoracic duct B) Inguinal duct C) Axillary duct D) Intestinal duct
A) Thoracic duct See PowerPoint under week 9 in the lecture folder.
True/False: Lymphography is considered an obsolete radiographic procedure. A) True B) False
A) True See PowerPoint under week 9 in the lecture folder.
Three-dimensional rotational angiography is highly recommended for: A) arteriovenous malformations. B) lymph node pathology. C) cardiomyopathy. D) pulmonary embolus.
A) arteriovenous malformations Pg. 668: 3D imaging reconstruction systems are valuable for visualizing complex intracranial vascular pathologies (e.g. arteriovenous malformations).
On the right side of the body, the subclavian artery is a branch of the: A) brachiocephalic artery. B) right common carotid artery. C) right vertebral artery. D) aortic arch.
A) brachiocephalic artery. (brake the branch) Pg. 659: On the right side, the subclavian arises from the brachiocephalic artery, whereas the left subclavian originates directly from the aortic arch.
An example of a nonvascular interventional procedure is: A) nephrostomy. B) thrombolysis. C) stent placement. D) embolization of a vessel.
A) nephrostomy Pg. 680: Nephrostomy
Which position is most useful in preventing superimposition of the aortic arch and its branches with other structures during thoracic aortography? A) AP B) Lateral C) 45° LAO D) 60° LPO
C) 45° LAO Pg. 670: because of the structure of the proximal aorta, an oblique is required to visualize the aortic arch. A 45° LAO is preferred to prevent superimposing the structures and to visualize any anomalies.
How long can a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line remain in the patient safely (if properly maintained)? A) 1 week B) 30 days C) 6 months D) 18 months
C) 6 months Pg. 677: peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines may remain in place for 6 months if good care is taken of the line.
How long should solid food be withheld prior to angiography? A) 1 hour B) 4 hours C) 8 hours D) 12 hours
C) 8 hours Pg. 661: solid food is withheld for approximately 8 hours before the procedure to reduce the risk for aspiration.
Where do the openings for the coronary arteries originate? A) Ascending aorta B) Aortic arch C) Aortic bulb (root) D) Left ventricle of the heart
C) Aortic bulb (root) Pg. 657: the bulb, or root portion, is at the proximal end of the aorta and is the area from which the coronary arteries originate.
Which vein drains and receives blood from the intercostal, bronchial, esophageal, and phrenic veins? A) Pulmonary vein B) Inferior vena cava C) Azygos vein D) Superior vena cava
C) Azygos vein (azygos like an island) The azygos vein enters the superior vena cava posteriorly. Blood from the chest enters the azygos vein from the intercostal, bronchial, esophageal, and phrenic veins.
What other contrast media can be given during angiography if the patient is highly allergic to iodinated contrast media? A) Air B) Nitrogen C) CO2 D) Helium
C) CO2 Pg. 668: CO2 is used at some centers for select procedures when iodinated contrast agents are contraindicated.
Which of the branches of the abdominal aorta is considered the most superior? A) Superior mesenteric artery B) Inferior mesenteric artery C) Celiac artery D) Renal arteries
C) Celiac artery Pg. 658: 1) celiac artery 2) superior mesenteric artery 3) left renal artery 4) right renal artery 5) inferior mesenteric artery
Which imaging modality has largely replaced venograms with no radiation exposure to the patient? A) Angiography B) CT C) Color duplex D) Nuclear medicine
C) Color duplex ?? Pg. 667: sonography - color duplex flow (color flow Doppler)
Which vessel in the brain supplies blood primarily to the anterior portion of the brain? A) Basilar artery B) External carotid artery C) Internal carotid artery D) Vertebral arteries
C) Internal carotid artery (think anterior is internal) pg. 654: The two end branches of each internal carotid artery are the anterior cerebral and the middle cerebral arteries. Each anterior cerebral artery and branches supply much of the forebrain near the midline.
Which specific artery provides blood to the pelvic organs, including the bladder, rectum, reproductive organs, and pelvic muscles? A) Superior mesenteric artery B) Inferior mesenteric artery C) Internal iliac artery D) External iliac artery
C) Internal iliac artery (all internal) Pg. 658: The internal iliac arteries supply the pelvic organs (urinary bladder, rectum, reproductive organs, and pelvic muscles) with blood.
Which vein is most commonly used to draw blood from the arm? A) Cephalic B) Basilic C) Median cubital D) Brachial
C) Median cubital (a little cubital in middle) Pg. 660: anterior to the elbow joint is the median cubital vein (the vein most commonly used to draw blood).
Which element of blood promotes blood clotting? A) Plasma B) Leukocytes C) Platelets D) Erythrocytes
C) Platelets Pg. 650: Platelets, originating from bone marrow, repairs tears in blood vessel walls, promotes clotting
Which two vessels deliver blood to the heart muscle? A) Right and left pulmonary arteries B) Right and left pulmonary veins C) Right and left coronary arteries D) Right and left cardiac arteries
C) Right and left coronary arteries (coronary delivers) Pg. 652: the coronary arteries are the vessels that deliver blood to the heart muscle. Both coronary arteries originate in the aortic bulb (root). RT coronary artery arises from the RT (anterior) sinuses of the aortic bulb, supplies RT atrium & RT ventricle LT coronary artery arises from the LT (posterior) aortic bulb sinus, supplies LT atrium & LT ventricle
What type of chemical agent is given to control vascular spasm? A) Thrombolytic B) Vasoconstrictor C) Vasodilator D) Chemotherapeutic
C) Vasodilator (dilate the spasm) Pg. 679: Vasoconstrictors are used to help control bleeding. Vasodilators are useful in the treatment of vascular spasm.
To avoid puncturing other organs during percutaneous gastrostomy, the stomach is filled with ____ during the procedure. A) water-soluble contrast media B) nitrogen C) air D) barium sulfate
C) air Pg. 682: a nasogastric tube is placed in the stomach to inflate the stomach with 500 to 1000 mL of air.
Uterine artery embolization is commonly performed to: A) treat ovarian cancer. B) treat infertility issues. C) control life-threatening postpartum bleeding. D) treat a rectouterine fistulae.
C) control life-threatening postpartum bleeding Pg. 675: embolization of the uterine artery may be performed to stop life-threatening postpartum bleeding, potentially preventing hysterectomy.
The contrast medium of choice for angiography is: A) ionic iodinated. B) tri-iodinated. C) nonionic water-soluble iodinated. D) oil-based iodinated.
C) nonionic water-soluble iodinated. Pg. 663: the contrast media of choice is a water-soluble, nonionic iodinated substance because of its low osmolality and reduced risk for allergic reaction.
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Abdominal aortic aneurysm a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
a. Abdominal angiography Pg. 672
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Stenosis/occlusion of the celiac or mesenteric arteries a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
a. Abdominal angiography Pg. 672
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - Dilation of a stenosed vessel a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (dialate like PTSD)
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Coronary artery disease/angina a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
b. Angiocardiography Pg. 671
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Atypical chest pain a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
b. Angiocardiography (cardio) Pg. 671
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - A procedure to treat variceal bleeding caused by portal hypertension a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) (hyper tips)
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - A procedure for stone removal, biopsy, dilation of obstructed bile duct,internal and external drainage a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) (3 letters stone stuck in middle B)
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Evaluation of the aorta for pseudocoarctation a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
f. Thoracic angiography ??
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - Placement of cagelike metal device in the lumen of a vessel a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
g. Stent placement
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - A procedure for patients at high risk for developing pulmonary emboli a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
h. Inferior vena cava filter (high risk- put a filter)
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - A procedure performed to restore and stabilize a compression fracture by placing a balloon device with the body of the vertebra a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
i. Kyphoplasty
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Cranial aneurysm a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
c. Cerebral angiography Pg. 669
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Arteriovenous malformations a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
c. Cerebral angiography (malformations of cerebral head) Pg. 669
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - Cease blood flow to a site of pathology a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
c. Embolization
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Assessment of Hodgkin's lymphoma a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
d. Lymphography ??
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Peripheral swelling a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
d. Lymphography ??
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - A procedure wherein a clot or thrombus is disintegrated (lysed) a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
d. Thrombolysis
Match each description with the correct interventional procedure term.(Use each choice only once.) - A procedure for vertebral pain due to instability and compression fractures caused by osteoporosis and/or other reasons a. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) b. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) c. Embolization d. Thrombolysis e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty f. Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) g. Stent placement h. Inferior vena cava filter i. Kyphoplasty
e. Percutaneous vertebroplasty
MATCHING Select the most likely angiographic procedure performed for each pathologic indication.(You may use each choice more than once.) - Atherosclerotic disease of lower limbs a. Abdominal angiography b. Angiocardiography c. Cerebral angiography d. Lymphography e. Peripheral angiography f. Thoracic angiography
e. Peripheral angiography Pg. 673
The right common carotid artery bifurcates into the external and internal carotid arteries at the level of: A) C1-2. B) C4. C) C6-7. D) T2-3.
B) C4. Pg. 653: the right common carotid artery ascends to the level of the fourth cervical vertebrae to branch into the external and internal carotid arteries.
Which of the following vessels is NOT a typical puncture site for catheterization during angiography? A) Brachial artery B) External iliac artery C) Femoral artery D) Axillary artery
B) External iliac artery (external he's an outsider) Pg. 662: Four vessels are typically considered for catheterization: 1) femoral 2) axillary 3) brachial 4) radial
How is neoplastic tissue destroyed during radiofrequency ablation? A) Freezing the tissue B) Heating the tissue C) Applying magnetic energy to the tissue D) Cutting off blood supply to the tissue
B) Heating the tissue (heat ablation) Pg. 682: A radiofrequency current is passed through the electrode to heat the tour tissue near the needle tip and "ablate" it. The application of current agitates ions in the tissues that surround the electrode, causing them to generate frictional heat, which destroys the tissue.
Which term describes a variation of the aorta in which the descending aorta is arched to the right? A) Hyperarched aorta B) Inverse aorta C) Pseudocoarctation D) Situs inversus
B) Inverse aorta Pg. 657: Left circumflex aorta = normal arch with the descending aorta downward and arched to the left Inverse aorta = arch is arched to the right Pseudocoarctation = arched descending aorta
Which heart valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle? A) Pulmonary valve B) Mitral valve C) Aortic valve D) Tricuspid valve
B) Mitral valve pg. 651: from the right atrium blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle...as the left atrium contracts, blood is transported through the mitral (bicuspid) valve to the left ventricle.
Which two vessels unite to form the hepatic portal vein? A) Hepatic and superior mesenteric veins B) Superior mesenteric and splenic veins C) Splenic and renal veins D) Hepatic and splenic veins
B) Superior mesenteric and splenic veins (S & S) Pg. 659: The superior mesenteric vein returns blood from the small intestine and parts of the large intestine. It unites with the splenic vein to form the portal vein.
Which of the following provides blood to the majority of the small intestine and portions of the large intestine? A) Celiac axis B) Superior mesenteric artery C) Inferior mesenteric artery D) Common iliac arteries
B) Superior mesenteric artery (superior cuz provides to majority) Pg. 658: the superior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the pancreas, most of the small intestine, and portions of the right side of the large intestine.
The most common clinical indication for a percutaneous biliary drainage is: A) infusion therapy. B) palliative procedure for unresectable malignant disease. C) biliary stone removal. D) repair duct that is leaking bile.
B) palliative procedure for unresectable malignant disease. Pg. 680: The most common use of PBD is as a palliative procedure for unresectable alignment disease.
Eventually, the external jugular vein connects with the ____ to form the brachiocephalic vein. A) external jugular vein B) subclavian vein C) superior vena cava D) vertebral vein
B) subclavian vein pg. 656
Which of the following imaging modalities is recommended for biopsy of small and deep lesions within the abdomen? A) Doppler ultrasound B) MRI C) DSA D) CT
D) CT Pg. 681: CT is idea for small deep lesions, especially lesions surrounded by large vessels or bowel.
Which of the following arteries is NOT found in the lower limb? A) Popliteal B) Deep femoral C) Dorsalis pedis D) Deep palmar
D) Deep palmar (palm is in hand) Pg. 659 - 660: the two palmar arches (deep and superficial) supply the hand and fingers with blood.
Which veins drain blood from the scalp and facial region? A) Internal jugular veins B) Vertebral veins C) Brachiocephalic veins D) External jugular veins
D) External jugular veins Pg. the two external jugular veins are more superficial trunks that drain the scalp and much of the face and neck.
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for angiography? A) Impaired renal function B) Taking anticoagulant medication C) Unstable cardiopulmonary status D) None of the above; all are contraindications.
D) None of the above; all are contraindications. Pg. 665: contraindications for angiography include contrast media allergy, impaired renal function, blood-clotting disorders, anticoagulant medication, and unstable cardiopulmonary or neurologic status.
Which vessel is punctured during a TIPS procedure to access the hepatic portal system? A) Femoral artery B) Femoral vein C) Inferior vena cava D) Right jugular vein
D) Right jugular vein (tip the R jug) Pg. 678: the hepatic portal system is accessed through the right jugular vein.
What is the name of the technique commonly used to introduce a catheter into a vessel? A) Direct stick B) Over the needle C) Myer D) Seldinger
D) Seldinger Pg. 662: the Seldinger technique is used for catheterization.
Which of the following vessel(s) do/does NOT supply blood to the brain? A) Right common carotid artery B) Left common carotid artery C) Vertebral arteries D) Subclavian arteries
D) Subclavian arteries (sub- do NOT like subs) Pg. 653: Blood supply to the brain - RT common carotid artery - RT vertebral artery - LT common carotid artery - LT vertebral artery Common carotid supply anterior circulation of the brain Vertebral arteries supply posterior circulation to the brain
Which dural venous sinus is located within the inner aspect of the longitudinal fissure of the brain? A) Sigmoid sinus B) Straight sinus C) Transverse sinus D) Superior sagittal sinus
D) Superior sagittal sinus Pg. 656: A space between the two layers of the dura, along the superior portion of the longitudinal fissure, contains the superior sagittal sinus.
What is the purpose of a heating device on an electromechanical injector? A) To sterilize the contrast media B) To expand the diameter of the catheter C) To remove any possible air bubbles by heating the contrast media D) To reduce the viscosity of the contrast media by keeping it near body temperature
D) To reduce the viscosity of the contrast media by keeping it near body temperature Pg. 667: the heating device warms and maintains the contrast media at body temperature, reducing the viscosity of the media.
Injection flow rate in angiography is NOT affected by: A) viscosity of contrast media. B) length and diameter of catheter. C) injection pressure. D) body temperature.
D) body temperature. Pg. 667: the flow rate is affected by man variables such as the viscosity of the contrast media, the length and diameter of the catheter, and injection pressure.
The S-shaped portion of the internal carotid artery is termed the: A) sigmoid portion. B) carotid sinus. C) carotid bifurcation. D) carotid siphon.
D) carotid siphon. Pg. 654: the S-shaped portion of each internal carotid artery is termed the carotid siphon.
The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the abdominal digestive track to the: A) inferior vena cava. B) spleen. C) kidneys. D) liver.
D) liver. Pg. 659: The blood is conveyed to the liver through the hepatic portal vein.