Chapter 18: 15-42

The new concepts of a "living wage" and the "American standard of living": a. allowed for criticism of the inequalities of wealth and power b. reflected America's growing interest in socialism c. were unrelated to the rise of mass consumption d. argued that all Americans should be wealthy e. argues the economic and ethical concerns were unrelated

a. allowed for criticism of the inequalities of wealth and power

Vaudeville is a: a. form of live entertainment b. kind of drink immigrants liked c. reform group d. place in New York e. political machine

a. form of live entertainment

Birds of passage were: a. immigrants who planned on returning to their homeland. b. single women who worked until they got married. c. strikebreakers who were sent in by factory owners. d. stowaways on passenger ships, attempting to immigrate to America. e. immigrants who visited settlement houses for temporary help.

a. immigrants who planned on returning to their homeland.

Asian and Mexican immigrants in the early twentieth century: a. clustered in the south as agricultural workers b. clustered in the west as agricultural workers c. were much more welcome than European immigrants d. were prohibited from entering the US e. outnumbered southern and eastern European immigrants

b. clustered in the west as agricultural workers

Which person was a Supreme Court justice and a Progressive reformer who advocated for the labor movement? a. Woodrow Wilson b. Samuel Gompers c. Eugene V. Debs d. Louis Brandeis e. Theodore Roosevelt

d. Louis Brandeis

Eugene V. Debs was: a. a railroad tycoon b. a Social Darwinist c. an immigrant d. a Socialist candidate for president e. elected vice president in 1912

d. a Socialist candidate for president

Margaret Sanger was a: a. Utopian novelist b. US senator c. prison-reform advocate d. birth-control advocate e. labor organizer

d. birth-control advocate

Why did workers experience the introduction of scientific management as a loss of freedom? a. scientific management typically lowered wages b. workers had to work longer hours under the scientific management c. safety conditions worsened when companies introduced scientific management d. skilled workers under scientific management had to obey very detailed instructions e. foremen tended to drive workers with more brute force under the scientific management

d. skilled workers under scientific management had to obey very detailed instructions

Feminism: A. represented only the struggle for women's suffrage. B. was concerned only with economic issues. C. sought to attack the traditional roles of sexual behavior for women. D. sought to maintain the traditional roles of sexual behavior for women. E. argued that women should not have to work.

C. sought to attack the traditional roles of sexual behavior for women.

The battle for free speech among workers in the early twentieth century: a. was led by the American Federation of Labor b. was led by the Industrial Workers of the World c. was not an issue of concern to most workers

b. was led by the Industrial Workers of the World

Which institution became a pillar of stability for the immigrants as they settled into the American cities? a. school b. hostpital c. church d. Benevolent society e. Salvation Army

c. church

By 1912, the Socialist Party: a. appealed only to immigrants b. appealed only to industrial workers c. had elected scores of local officials d. was concentrated in New York City e. had yet to elect a member to Congress

c. had elected scores of local officials

Charlotte Perkins Gilman claimed that the road to a woman's freedom lay through: a. higher education b. holding political office c. the workplace d. access to birth control e. being a wife and mother

c. the workplace

During the Progressive era: a. growing numbers of native-born white women worked as domestics b. most African-American women worked in factories c. most eastern Europaen immigrant women worked as telephone operators d. growing numbers of native-born white women worked in offices e. the number of married women working declined

d. growing numbers of native-born white women worked in offices

In the early twentieth century, the Socialist Party advocated for all of the following EXCEPT: a. free college education b. legislation to improve the condition of laborers c. public ownership of railroads d. national health insurance e. public ownership of factories

d. national health insurance

The program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systemically controlling costs and working practices was called: a. Fordism b. vertical integration c. free-market practices d. scientific management e. laissez-faire

d. scientific management

All of the following statements about mass consumption in the earlier twentieth century are true EXCEPT: a. southerners fully participated in the mass consumption society b. the promise of mass consumption became the foundation for a new understanding of freedom c. urban dwellers purchased goods in department stores and chain stores d. rural people purchased goods through mail-order catalogs e. the new advertising industry often linked goods with the idea of freedom

a. southerners fully participated in the mass consumption society

Which statement about the textile strike in Lawrence, MA in 1912 is FALSE? a.The strike demonstrated that workers sought the opportunity to enjoy the finer things in life b. the strike was in response to a reduction in weekly wages c. The strikers asked the American Federation of Labor for assistance d. children of the striking workers publicly marched up New York's Fifth Avenue e. the strike was settled on the workers terms

c. The strikers asked the American Federation of Labor for assistance

Nickelodeons: a. were patronized only by the wealthy b. were banned in most cities c. were motion-picture theaters with a five-cent admission charge d. never caught on with American consumers e. appealed only to children

c. were motion-picture theaters with a five-cent admission charge

The Ludlow Massacre was a tragic confrontation between: a. Plain Indians and the US army b. North Carolina textile workers and the police c. the IWW and the MA police d. New Orleans dockworkers and militia e. Colorado mine workers and militia

e. Colorado mine workers and militia

The Industrial Workers of the World: a. represented skilled workers only b. was led by Eugene Debs c. organized only women workers d. was a union within the American Federation of Labor e. advocated a workers revolution

e. advocated a workers revolution

What Progressive-era issue became a crossroads where the paths of labor radicals, culture modernists, and feminists intersected? a. trust-busting b. the initiative and referendum c. women's suffrage d. unionism e. birth control

e. birth control

Founder of the Society of American Indians, Carlos Montezuma: a. demanded that all Indians be granted partial citizenship b. argued that Federal government paternalism improved the lives of American Indians c. called for government-sponsored boarding schools d. called for the Bureau of Indian Affairs to be run by American Indians e. demanded that American Indians be left alone in order to be independent

e. demanded that American Indians be left alone in order to be independent

The term "Fordism": a. refers to Henry Ford's invention of the automobile b. was used by labor unions c. describes an economic system based on limited production of high speed goods d. refers to Henry Ford's effort to organize workers into a union e. describes an economic system based on mass production and consumption

e. describes an economic system based on mass production and consumption

Most new immigrants who arrived during the early years of the twentieth century: a. learned English immediately b. planned to remain in the US temporarily c. generally earned lower wages in America than in their former homelands d. dominated skilled and supervisory jobs e. lived in close-knit communities

e. lived in close-knit communities

A worker who crossed a picket line during a strike was called a: a. dodger b. breaker c. scum d. socialist e. scab

e. scab

Which statement about the American Federation of Labor in the early twentieth century is FALSE? a. the AFL represented skilled workers only b. AFL membership tripled between 1900 and 1904 c. the AFL forged closer ties with corporate leaders to stabilize employee relations d. the AFL established pension plans for long-term workers e. the AFL proposed an overthrow of the capitalist system

e. the AFL proposed an overthrow of the capitalist system

What brought about a new wave of sympathy for the plight of women in the garment industry in Lawrence, MA? a. the city has extended max working hours for garment workers b. the police of Lawrence had severely beaten striking women c. the AFL had negotiated a sham contract for Lawrence's garment factories d. the police had forced the children of Lawrence to leave town e. the appearance of malnourished children evacuated from Lawrence shocked the public

e. the appearance of malnourished children evacuated from Lawrence shocked the public