Chapter 18 9th grade Geography Test

The independent state of Israel was founded

in 1948

More than 90 percent of Egypt's people live

in the Nile Delta region

basic urban necessities such as city roads, buildings, and services

infrastructure

Followers of _____________, a form of Islam practiced in Oman, choose their ruler by communal consensus and consent

Ibadhism

In Israel, what percentage of Jews living in the country were born there?

50 percent

Why are floral and geometric designs an important element in Islamic art?

Artistic depictions of living figures are discouraged in religious art

The people indigenous to North Africa before Arab invasions are called

Berbers

Egypt's primate city is

Cairo

Most Turkic peoples outside of Turkey live in

Central Asia

The _______________ in the early 1900s led to increased wealth, modernization, and immigration in many Arab countries on the Arabian Peninsula

Discovery of oil

What was the primary gateway for Arabs migrating in to North Africa

Egypt

Although the people of the region are divided by ethnic identify and language, they are united by the religion of Islam

False

Although the surrounding land is oil-rich, there are very few major oil reserves underneath the Persian Gulf itself

False

An embargo affects only the government of a region, not its people

False

The majority of Muslims in the eastern Mediterranean subregion follow Shia Islam

False

Sheikhdoms are territories ruled by

Islamic religious leaders

Which three major religions have deeply rooted histories in the eastern Mediterranean subregion?

Judaism, Christianity, Islam

__________________ are constitutional emirates ruled by emirs, or princes

Kuwait and Qatar

Which of the following statements about the history of the Arabian Peninsula is TRUE?

Many countries signed treaties with Great Britain for protection from other outsiders

One of the world's first culture hearths developed between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, in an area called

Mesopotamia

All three major religions in the eastern Mediterranean region share a belief in

Monotheism

Who want an independent state of their own in the West Bank and Gaza Strip areas.

Palestinians

As a result of Arab-Israeli conflicts over the territory of Palestine

Palestinians established refugee settlements in Arab countries

The ancient civilization that developed along the eastern Mediterranean coast around 3000 B.C. and traded widely across the Mediterranean is the

Phoenicians

Shari'ah law is based on the

Quran

Jews were originally expelled from their homeland by the

Romans

Parts of Central Asia prospered from the ____________, a trade route connecting China to the Mediterranean Sea

Silk Road

What has made Egypt a key regional power

Suez Canal

The civilization in the region of Mesopotamia that established year-round farming and cuneiform writing was the

Sumerians

Most Arabs in North Africa are

Sunni Muslims

______________ are the dominant sects of Islam in most states on the Arabian Peninsula

Sunni and Shia

Following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the __________ took control and imposed extreme interpretations of __________ on the country

Taliban, Islam

Which of the following statements about the people of the Northeast is TRUE?

The Kurds have lived for more than 2,000 years in the mountains of Turkey, Iran, and Iraq

Which statement best describes the system of government in Saudi Arabia?

The Saudi Arabian government follows shari'ah, or Islamic Law

After World War II, many countries in North Africa regained their independence

True

Jews and Arabs claim the same ancient holy lands

True

Many Iranians believe that they are descendants of the Aryans who migrated from Russia into the region

True

Mesopotamia was one of the world's first culture hearths

True

Quran is not the ancient holy city of Islam

True

The primary influence in North Africa is a mix of indigenous and Arab cultures

True

Until the late 1900s, much of Central Asia was ruled by the Soviet Union

True

The Ottoman Empire was centered in present-day __________________ and lasted for more than 600 years

Turkey

The Northeast's most populous countries are

Turkey and Iran

The dry, desert climate causes most people in the eastern Mediterranean subregion to live

along coastal plains and in the Euphrates River valley

to adapt plants and animals from the wild for use by people

domesticate

Armenia is a(n) ____________, a territory that is culturally or ethnically different from surrounding larger cultures

enclave

Azerbaijan is a(n) ______________, a distinct group of people who are isolated from the main, or larger part of the country

exclave

In the 1950s, when low oil prices caused payments to be cut to oil-producing countries, the Gulf states reacted by

forming the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

The boundaries drawn between Libya, Egypt, and Algeria by European colonial powers are called

geometric boundaries

When Arabs moved into North Africa, they brought their

language and religion

a Muslim place of worship

mosque

European ideas about _____________ helped provide the basis for the modern countries that emerged in the subregion of North Africa in the 1800s.

nationalism

the belief in the right of each people to be an independent nation

nationalism

The Zagros Mountains provide a _____________ boundary between Iran and Iraq

natural

a messenger from God

prophet

Armenians and Georgians are among the largest ethnic groups in

the Caucasus area

Many Central Asian countries declared independence

when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991