Chapter 18

A mutation in which one of the following genes can lead to breast cancer?

BRCA1

The process by which growing tumors stimulate the growth of new blood vessels is called?

angiogenesis

Which of the following cancer treatments prevents growth of blood vessels that support growing tumors?

anti-angiogenic drugs

Not only does smoking cause lung cancer, it also quadruples the risk of which one of the following types of cancer?

bladder

Which of the following would be useful in detecting a tumor within the urinary bladder?

cytoscope

A cell progressing toward cancer may develop an enlarged nucleus, a condition referred to as?

dysplasia

Which of the following is the same in an in situ tumor and a malignant tumor?

frequency of cell division

Order of steps leading to the development of malignant cancer?

hyperplasia, dysplasia, in situ cancer, metastasis and/or invasion

The use of cancer-specific antigens to generate antibodies that target cancer cells is a process known as?

immunotherapy

When a cancer remains in one location, it is referred to as?

in situ cancer

The development of a cancerous condition in immature white blood cells located in bone marrow is called?

leukemia

Development of cancer in cells within lymph nodes is called?

lymphoma

The process by which cells of a tumor invade normal tissue and travel via blood or lymph vessels to other parts of the body is?

metastasis

BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 are?

mutations can be identified in carriers by a blood test

A mass of rapidly dividing cells that have potentially lost the ability to regulate cell division is called a?

neoplasm

Proto-oncogenes are?

normal regulatory genes that promote cell division

f a proto-oncogene becomes damaged or undergoes a mutation, it may become an?

oncogene

The use of laser light to trigger toxic reactions specific to cancer cells is referred to as?

photodynamic therapy

Oncogenes are derived from?

proto-oncogenes

The dietary carcinogen aflatoxin can be found in

raw peanut butter

An enzyme that occurs rarely in normal cells but frequently in cancer cells is?

telomerase