Chapter 18 Guided Reading

field workers

campaign ______ _______, who are usually volunteers, perform a variety of tasks to make sure voters turn out to vote for their candidates on Election Day

image qualifications

candidates do their best to portray an ________ they believe voters value, and this image can be more important that the candidate's actual _________

limit spend

candidates who choose to receive federal campaign funds promise to ______ the amount their campaigns _______ to a specific amount

social media

_______ ____ such as facebook can be pwoerful and cost-effective campaign tool

advertising propaganda

________, much of which could be classified as _____ b/c it is not objective, is a key expenditure for election campaigns

state boards voter fraud

________, which enrolls a voter w/ the local gov., is required as a way to prevent ________ _______

campaign manager

a campaign organization is headed by a ________ _________, who is responsibe for overall strategy and planning

referendum initiative

ballot questions such as the legislative referendum, the popular _________ and the _________ allow voters to have a more direct say in their own laws

referenda recalls

ballots often also contain _______, initiatives, or ______

legislative popular

both the _______ referendum and the ______ referenfum allow voters to approve or diapprove laws passed by the legislature

hard money feca

direct funding, or ________ _________, is limited by regulations set out i the _______ and its amendments

precinct polling place

each city or county is divided into voting districts, or _________, and _________ _________ that are located within each precinct

cycles term limits

election ______, ______ ______ for elected officals, and ballot issues all influence voter choices at the polls

citizens residents

every state requires that voters be U.S. _________ and _______ of the state for a certain period of time before being eligible to vote

early voting absentee

for voters who will not be able to vote on Election Day, some states offer _______ _______ during a designated period, or one may vote by _________ ballot

grandfather clause, must pass a literacy test, and poll ta

how did southern states continue to disenfranchise african american voters in spite of the 15th Amendment

the supreme court declared the grandfather clause unconstitutional. Federal gov. the right to regulate state election procedures to ensure the laws were followed

how did the voting rights act of 1965 enforce the 15th Amendment

corruption

in 1908, Congress first tried to limit campaign funding in order to reduce ______

certification state canvassing

in close elections, the result might depend upon th official vote count and ________ by the _______ __________ authority

board of elections

in some states, a registration form can be completed online but in other states, the actual form must be signed and mailed to the ________ ____ ________

register re-register

in the U.S., citizens must _______ to vote and then ________each time they move

west of the Mississippi

in what region of the U.S. did women first have the right to vote

soft money independency coordinating

indirect funding, or _____ _______, is provided by political organizations and issue groups that are _________ from and not _________ w/ a campaign

cross-pressured

individuals who have multiple background traits that align them w/ several different positions on issues or candidates are __________ voters

2 6 4

members of the house of representative serve ____-year terms, senator serve _____-year terms, and presidents sere _____-year terms

speech 1st

opponents of campaign finance regualtion argue that giving and spending money in elections is a form of _______ and so protected by the _____ Amendment

registration absentee

other proposals for increasing voter turnout include a national _________ system and easier ________ balloting

media polls

other staff members handle _____ relations, finances, fundraising, advertising, opinion ______, and campaign materials

compulsory

political parties, campaign staff, and many ________ under some authoritarian governments

nonpartisan

political parties, campaign staff, and many _________ groups such as the League of Women Voters, help voters

Election Day

proposal for increasing voter turnout include shifting ________ _______ from Tuesday to a weekend and leaving the polls open longer

federal election commission

the _______ _______ ________ (FEC) was created in 1974 to administer federal election laws

constitution amendments

the ________ allows each state to set rules about who can vote, but federal law and several constitutional ______ set basic rules

initiative

the ________ allows voters to propose and vote on their own laws or state constitutional amendments

election cycle

the federal _______ _______ ensures that the gov. will not turn over at the same time

television

the most important communication tool for a presidential candidate is _________

number low

the sheer ________ of elections held in the U.S. can contribute to ______ voter turnout

straight party ticket

voters who are strongly loyal to their party typically vote a ________ _______ _______, choosing all candidates from their party on the ballot

party issues

voters' election choices are driven by personal background, the degree of ______, loyalty, campaign _______, and perception of the candidates

procedures ballots

voting ________ and _______ vary from state, but any voter who needs help voting is entitled to receive it

informed issues

voting begins w/ becoming _________ about the _______ and candidates that will be on the ballot

First, the individual hs to meet the requirements for voting and then register to vote. Next, they have to be informed on candidates and issues. If not able to vote on voting day, you can do early voting or absentee voting. If able to participate in Election Day the voter can go to his or her polling place.

what are the key steps required for an individual to vote

if individuals were old enough to be drafted & fight for their country, they were old enough to vote. Lowered voting age to 18

what argument led to the 26th Amendment and what did this amendment do

give women suffrage (the right to vote)

what did the 19th Amendment do

an election is an orderly process for making group decisions. voting is making a choice among alternatives in an election

what is the relationship between election and voting

n state could deprive any citizen of the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

what voting precedent was set w/ the 15th Amendment

the first time the U.S. Constitution dictated rules to the states about who they must allow to vote

what was the purpose of the 15th Amendment

federal gov. to register voters and send poll watchers on Election Day on states & localities that discriminated against African American voters. Later voting rights laws took away literacy test. Printed ballots in minority languages where it is appropriated

what were the specific provisions of the various voting rights act

canvassing board called

when the polls close, ballots from the various precincts are fowarded to the city or county _________ ________ where the returns are _______

supreme court assumed they would make wiser choices since they paid a poll tax

why was voting initially limited to property-owning males