chapter 18 Multiple Choice AK

14) Which of the following statements is true regarding the parathyroid glands? A) The two glands straddle the larynx in the neck. B) The gland sits over the heart. C) The parathyroid gland contains the four thyroid glands. D) There are four small glands. E) None of the answers are correct.

D) There are four small glands.

25) When one hormone is needed for a second hormone to produce an effect, it is called A) a reflex. B) a causatum. C) an aftereffect. D) permissive. E) a radical.

D) permissive.

24) Two hormones that have additive effects are called A) antagonists. B) agonists. C) resistors. D) synergists. E) adjuvants.

D) synergists.

5) Cells that respond to a hormone are called ________ cells. A) stem B) pluripotent C) germ D) target E) peripheral

D) target

12) Thyroid hormones are structural derivatives of the amino acid A) glutamic acid. B) epinephrine. C) iodine. D) tyrosine. E) glycine.

D) tyrosine.

3) Receptors for ________, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids are found in the cell membranes of target cells. A) catecholamines B) carbohydrates C) kinases D) genes E) acetylcholine

A) catecholamines

16) The outer layer of the suprarenal gland is the A) cortex. B) interstitial tissue. C) medulla. D) stroma. E) capsule

A) cortex.

27) The hormone that dominates the alarm phase of the stress response is A) epinephrine. B) acetylcholine. C) steroids. D) androgen. E) glucagon.

A) epinephrine.

10) The two lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by the A) isthmus. B) pars intermedia. C) commissure. D) aqueduct. E) peninsula

A) isthmus.

4) The endocrine system regulates physiological processes through the binding of hormones to ________ on target cells. A) receptors B) endoplasmic reticula C) genes D) membranes E) microvilli

A) receptors

8) The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland can be divided into three parts: the pars distalis, the pars intermedia, and the pars A) tuberalis. B) nervosa. C) pinea. D) intermedia. E) magnus.

A) tuberalis.

23) Two hormones that have opposing effects are called A) antagonists. B) agonists. C) resistors. D) synergists. E) adjuvants

A) antagonists.

11) The thyroid gland is composed of many ________ that produce and store thyroid hormone. A) tubules B) follicles C) ducts D) capillaries E) plexuses

B) follicles

26) Hormones that produce different but complementary results are called A) permissive. B) integrative. C) radicals. D) synergists. E) antagonists.

B) integrative.

7) The anterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the A) basal ganglion. B) infundibulum. C) adenohypophysis. D) mesencephalon. E) neurohypophysis.

C) adenohypophysis.

13) The specific target cells of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine are A) the cells of the parathyroid glands. B) the cells of the pituitary gland. C) all cells of the body. D) the cells of the ovaries and testes. E) the cells of the thymus gland.

C) all cells of the body.

18) The suprarenal cortex produces steroid hormones called A) leukotrienes. B) prostaglandins. C) corticosteroids. D) androgens. E) somatotropins.

C) corticosteroids.

28) The consistent pattern of hormonal and physiological responses to stresses of different kinds is called ________ syndrome. A) malabsorption B) serotonin C) general adaptation D) Prader-Willi E) afferent loop

C) general adaptation

17) The inner portion of the suprarenal gland is the A) cortex. B) interstitial tissue. C) medulla. D) stroma. E) capsule.

C) medulla.

22) Why might someone want to take erythropoietin in a non-medical situation? A) to increase muscle mass B) to sleep C) to increase oxygen-carrying capacity and increase stamina D) to increase the chance of getting pregnant E) to increase sex drive

C) to increase oxygen-carrying capacity and increase stamina

1) Which of the following statements is true about paracrine communication? A) It is used for the regulation of cell and organ activities. B) Paracrine factors are rather similar to hormones. C) Many cells produce paracrine factors. D) The cells make local hormones, made by cells that affect surrounding cells. E) All of the answers are correct.

E) All of the answers are correct

20) Hypogonadism could be caused by an insufficiency of hormones from the A) ovaries. B) anterior pituitary gland. C) testes. D) adrenal cortex. E) All of the answers are correct.

E) All of the answers are correct.

9) Hormones produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that regulate the male and female reproductive organs are collectively called A) tropic hormones. B) androgens. C) somatotropins. D) immunogens. E) gonadotropins

E) gonadotropins

6) The posterior lobe of the pituitary is also known as the A) basal ganglion. B) infundibulum. C) adenohypophysis. D) mesencephalon. E) neurohypophysis

E) neurohypophysis

15) The ________ gland sits along the superior border of the kidney. A) adipose B) pineal C) androgen D) renal E) suprarenal

E) suprarenal