Chapter 19

Which of the following is an agranulocyte? A. eosinophil B. basophil C. neutrophil D. monocyte E. erythrocyte

A. eosinophil B. basophil C. neutrophil *D. monocyte E. erythrocyte

Blood is a type of __________tissue. A. epithelial B. glandular C. connective D. areolar

A. epithelial B. glandular *C. connective D. areolar

Which of the following cell types is an immature red blood cell? A. erythrocyte B. reticulocyte C. thrombocyte D. monocyte E. leukocyte

A. erythrocyte *B. reticulocyte C. thrombocyte D. monocyte E. leukocyte

Which of the following is NOT a form of hemoglobin found in the develoWhich of the following is NOT a form of hemoglobin found in the developing human? A. adult B. embryonic C. adolescent D. fetal

Which of the following is NOT a form of hemoglobin found in the developing human? A. adult B. embryonic *C. adolescent D. fetal D. fetal

Which of the following plasma proteins is most abundant? A. albumin B. globulins C. fibrinogen D. immunoglobulins E. hemoglobin

*A. albumin B. globulins C. fibrinogen D. immunoglobulins E. hemoglobin

Which of the following functions is associated with the blood? A. delivery of oxygen to tissue cells B. transport of digestive enzymes to the small intestine C. maintenance of DNA content of egg cells D. transport of neurotransmitters across synapses E. electrical stimulation of the heart

*A. delivery of oxygen to tissue cells B. transport of digestive enzymes to the small intestine C. maintenance of DNA content of egg cells D. transport of neurotransmitters across synapses E. electrical stimulation of the heart

Erythropoietin A. is a product of the kidney. B. inhibits the production of erythrocytes. C. is produced in response to increased blood pressure. D. is found both in the plasma and inside red blood cells. E. is produced by the red bone marrow.

*A. is a product of the kidney. B. inhibits the production of erythrocytes. C. is produced in response to increased blood pressure. D. is found both in the plasma and inside red blood cells. E. is produced by the red bone marrow.

Iron A. is needed to produce hemoglobin. B. is a plasma coagulation factor. C. is the binding site for carbon dioxide on the hemoglobin molecule. D. prevents carbon monoxide from binding to hemoglobin. E. interferes with the normal function of hemoglobin.

*A. is needed to produce hemoglobin. B. is a plasma coagulation factor. C. is the binding site for carbon dioxide on the hemoglobin molecule. D. prevents carbon monoxide from binding to hemoglobin. E. interferes with the normal function of hemoglobin.

The most numerous of the leukocytes is the A. neutrophil. B. basophil. C. eosinophil. D. lymphocyte. E. monocyte.

*A. neutrophil. B. basophil. C. eosinophil. D. lymphocyte. E. monocyte

The oxygenated form of hemoglobin is called A. oxyhemoglobin. B. deoxyhemoglobin. C. carboxyhemoglobin. D. carbaminohemoglobin. E. loaded hemoglobin.

*A. oxyhemoglobin. B. deoxyhemoglobin. C. carboxyhemoglobin. D. carbaminohemoglobin. E. loaded hemoglobin

Red blood cells will develop from A. proerythroblasts. B. monoblasts. C. myeloblasts. D. megakaryoblasts. E. lymphoblasts.

*A. proerythroblasts. B. monoblasts. C. myeloblasts. D. megakaryoblasts. E. lymphoblasts.

A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of blood functioning in A. protection. B. elimination. C. maintenance. D. transportation. E. communication

*A. protection. B. elimination. C. maintenance. D. transportation. E. communication

An increase in hemoglobin increases A. the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to various tissues. B. the quantity of plasma protein available for blood clotting. C. the leukocyte count. D. the body's immune response. E. the osmotic pressure of the blood.

*A. the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to various tissues. B. the quantity of plasma protein available for blood clotting. C. the leukocyte count. D. the body's immune response. E. the osmotic pressure of the blood

How much oxygen is generally transported in combination with hemoglobin in red blood cells? A. 1.5% B. 7% C. 70% D. 98.5%

A. 1.5% B. 7% C. 70% *D. 98.5%

The total blood volume is ____ plasma. A. 50% B. 90% C. 75% D. 55%.

A. 50% B. 90% C. 75% *D. 55%

Which of the following statements regarding leukocytes is TRUE? A. Leukocytes have no nucleus. B. Leukocytes play a role in oxygen transport. C. Leukocytes are the largest of the formed elements. D. Leukocytes are only fragments of cells. E. There is only one kind of leukocyte.

A. Leukocytes have no nucleus. B. Leukocytes play a role in oxygen transport. *C. Leukocytes are the largest of the formed elements. D. Leukocytes are only fragments of cells. E. There is only one kind of leukocyte.

Which of the following is NOT true of plasma? A. Plasma is about 91% water. B. Plasma is a colloid. C. Plasma volume can change drastically. D. The color of plasma is yellow.

A. Plasma is about 91% water. B. Plasma is a colloid. *C. Plasma volume can change drastically. D. The color of plasma is yellow.

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of sickle-cell anemia? A. Red blood cells take on the sickle shape when oxygen levels are low. B. Sickle-shaped red blood cells can become lodged in capillaries. C. Tissue damage from decreased blood supply. D. Sickle- shaped red blood cells are less likely to rupture.

A. Red blood cells take on the sickle shape when oxygen levels are low. B. Sickle-shaped red blood cells can become lodged in capillaries. C. Tissue damage from decreased blood supply. *D. Sickle- shaped red blood cells are less likely to rupture.

When erythrocytes are destroyed, which of the following events occurs? A. Urine output increases. B. Iron is secreted into the bile. C. Heme is transported by transferrin to the liver. D. The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids. E. Bile is manufactured by the gall bladder.

A. Urine output increases. B. Iron is secreted into the bile. C. Heme is transported by transferrin to the liver. *D. The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids. E. Bile is manufactured by the gall bladder.

Plasma is ____ while formed elements are ____. A. a blood gas; blood clots B. the liquid portion of blood; the cells C. lacking in protein; regulators of blood osmolality D. the cellular portion of blood; acellular components E. mostly protein; the matrix

A. a blood gas; blood clots *B. the liquid portion of blood; the cells C. lacking in protein; regulators of blood osmolality D. the cellular portion of blood; acellular components E. mostly protein; the matrix

Hemocytoblast stem Hemocytoblast stem cells A. are specialized cells. B. are found in yellow bone marrow. C. form branches of trees. D. are abundant in the plasma. E. give rise to all formed elements in the blood.

A. are specialized cells. B. are found in yellow bone marrow. C. form branches of trees. D. are abundant in the plasma. *E. give rise to all formed elements in the blood.

Lymphocytes A. are the largest of the leukocytes. B. migrate to lymphatic tissue. C. produce histamine. D. release heparin. E. are phagocytic.

A. are the largest of the leukocytes. *B. migrate to lymphatic tissue. C. produce histamine. D. release heparin. E. are phagocytic.

Which of the following phrases is least likely to be used in describing erythrocytes? A. biconcave cells B. cells can change shape C. cytoplasm contains hemoglobin D. nucleus is centrally located E. main role is transporting blood gases

A. biconcave cells B. cells can change shape C. cytoplasm contains hemoglobin *D. nucleus is centrally located E. main role is transporting

Which type of material is NOT transported by the blood? A. blood gases B. nutrients C. lactic acid D. neurotransmitters E. hormones

A. blood gases B. nutrients C. lactic acid *D. neurotransmitters E. hormones

Functions of plasma proteins include A. body temperature regulation. B. regulation of osmotic pressure. C. transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide. D. serving as a source of energy for metabolism.

A. body temperature regulation. *B. regulation of osmotic pressure. C. transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide. D. serving as a source of energy for metabolism.

The combination of hemoglobin and carbon dioxide is A. carboxyhemoglobin. B. oxyhemoglobin. C. deoxyhemoglobin. D. carbaminohemoglobin.

A. carboxyhemoglobin. B. oxyhemoglobin. C. deoxyhemoglobin. *D. carbaminohemoglobin

Which of the following is NOT a method of carbon dioxide transport in the blood? A. combined with hemoglobin B. dissolved in the plasma C. as bicarbonate ions in the plasma D. held in the depression of a red blood cell

A. combined with hemoglobin B. dissolved in the plasma C. as bicarbonate ions in the plasma *D. held in the depression of a red blood cell

What may be affected if the enzyme carbonic anhydrase was not made in the body? A. conversion of hemoglobin to oxyhemoglobin B. conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ion C. transport of oxygen by hemoglobin D. hemolysis of red blood cells

A. conversion of hemoglobin to oxyhemoglobin *B. conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ion C. transport of oxygen by hemoglobin D. hemolysis of red blood cells

Which blood component is NOT correctly matched with its function? A. erythrocytes -transport oxygen B. leukocytes - protect against disease C. platelets - phagocytize bacteria D. plasma proteins - maintain blood osmotic pressure; involved in clotting E. monocytes - become macrophages

A. erythrocytes -transport oxygen B. leukocytes - protect against disease *C. platelets - phagocytize bacteria D. plasma proteins - maintain blood osmotic pressure; involved in clotting E. monocytes - become macrophages

Which plasma protein is correctly matched to its function? A. fibrinogen - transport of fatty acids B. albumin - helps to fight infection C. globulin - transport and immunity D. globulin - blood clotting

A. fibrinogen - transport of fatty acids B. albumin - helps to fight infection *C. globulin - transport and immunity D. globulin - blood clotting

Hemoglobin A. gives white blood cells their color. B. transports oxygen in the blood. C. is normally found in both the plasma and erythrocytes. D. catalyzes the reaction that forms carbonic acid. E. is only used once then decomposed.

A. gives white blood cells their color. *B. transports oxygen in the blood. C. is normally found in both the plasma and erythrocytes. D. catalyzes the reaction that forms carbonic acid. E. is only used once then decomposed.

Each hemoglobin molecule A. has one heme group. B. contains two polypeptide chains. C. transports four oxygen molecules. D. has two iron atoms and two globin chains. E. transports one oxygen molecule.

A. has one heme group. B. contains two polypeptide chains. *C. transports four oxygen molecules. D. has two iron atoms and two globin chains. E. transports one oxygen molecule

Mature erythrocytes A. have a centrally located nucleus. B. are actually just cellular fragments. C. contain hemoglobin in their cytoplasm. D. mature from cells called megakaryocytes. E. do not contain protein.

A. have a centrally located nucleus. B. are actually just cellular fragments. *C. contain hemoglobin in their cytoplasm. D. mature from cells called megakaryocytes. E. do not contain protein

Which of the following is (are) associated with decreased hematopoiesis? A. hemorrhage B. vitamin B12 deficiency C. iron deficiency anemia D. restricted blood flow to the kidney E. both vitamin B12 deficiency and iron deficiency anemia

A. hemorrhage B. vitamin B12 deficiency C. iron deficiency anemia D. restricted blood flow to the kidney *E. both vitamin B12 deficiency and iron deficiency anemia

Which of the following would lead to increased erythropoiesis? A. increased environmental O2 levels B. increased erythropoietin levels C. increased blood pH D. increased blood pressure E. increased CO2 levels

A. increased environmental O2 levels *B. increased erythropoietin levels C. increased blood pH D. increased blood pressure E. increased CO2 levels

Randolf was suffering from severe hepatitis. His skin appeared to be jaundiced. That color change was due to A. increased heme in his circulatory system. B. increased globin in his circulatory system. C. increased bilirubin in his circulatory system. D. decreased rate of globin breakdown. E. increased globin in his circulatory system, increased bilirubin in his circulatory system and decreased rate of globin breakdown.

A. increased heme in his circulatory system. B. increased globin in his circulatory system. *C. increased bilirubin in his circulatory system. D. decreased rate of globin breakdown. E. increased globin in his circulatory system, increased bilirubin in his circulatory system and decreased rate of globin breakdown.

Bilirubin A. is found in white blood cells. B. may be reused in erythropoiesis. C. is formed from the globin groups of hemoglobin. D. is made from bile. E. may build up in the circulation and cause jaundice.

A. is found in white blood cells. B. may be reused in erythropoiesis. C. is formed from the globin groups of hemoglobin. D. is made from bile. *E. may build up in the circulation and cause jaundice.

Plasma A. is one of the formed elements. B. is the liquid matrix of the blood. C. transports waste products but not nutrients. D. accounts for less than half of the blood volume. E. is serum plus formed elements.

A. is one of the formed elements. *B. is the liquid matrix of the blood. C. transports waste products but not nutrients. D. accounts for less than half of the blood volume. E. is serum plus formed elements.

Neutrophils of the blood are derived from a population of stem cells called A. lymphoblasts. B. proerythroblasts. C. myeloblasts. D. megakaryoblasts. E. monoblasts.

A. lymphoblasts. B. proerythroblasts. *C. myeloblasts. D. megakaryoblasts. E. monoblasts.

If a blood buffer is absent, what function of the blood would be compromised? A. maintenance of body temperature B. regulation of pH C. clot formaiton D. transport of ions E. protection against foreign substances

A. maintenance of body temperature *B. regulation of pH C. clot formaiton D. transport of ions E. protection against foreign substances

Mr. Smith moved from a low altitude to a high altitude and experienced an increase in RBCs. Which of the following caused this increase? A. the lower temperature present at higher altitudes B. the lower oxygen concentration seen at higher altitudes C. the increased metabolic rate seen at higher altitudes D. the increased CO2 retention that occurs at high altitudes E. He exercised more.

A. the lower temperature present at higher altitudes *B. the lower oxygen concentration seen at higher altitudes C. the increased metabolic rate seen at higher altitudes D. the increased CO2 retention that occurs at high altitudes E. He exercised more.

When defective erythrocytes are broken down, A. they are removed from the blood by the lungs. B. bilirubin is formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin. C. their heme groups are converted into amino acids. D. their iron is excreted into the small intestine. E. their components cannot be recycled.

A. they are removed from the blood by the lungs. *B. bilirubin is formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin. C. their heme groups are converted into amino acids. D. their iron is excreted into the small intestine. E. their components cannot be recycled

The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the A. thrombocytes. B. erythrocytes. C. leukocytes. D. platelets. E. RBCs.

A. thrombocytes. B. erythrocytes. *C. leukocytes. D. platelets. E. RBCs.

What gas is also carried by a beta-globin that may help regulate blood pressure? A.carbon monoxide B. carbon dioxide C. nitrogen D. nitric oxide

A.carbon monoxide B. carbon dioxide C. nitrogen *D. nitric oxide

The plasma component that forms fibrin, the insoluble protein, in a blood clot is A. sodium. B. albumin. C. globulin. D. fibrinogen. E. fibrinolysis.

A.sodium. B. albumin. C. globulin. *D. fibrinogen. E. fibrinolysis.

In adults, red blood cells are made in one place, spend most of their lifespan in another, and most are finally destroyed in yet another place. Which choice lists these locations in the correct chronological order? A. bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen B. bone marrow; spleen; blood vessels C. spleen; blood vessels; spleen D. blood vessels; spleen; bone marrow E. spleen; blood vessels; bone marrow

In adults, red blood cells are made in one place, spend most of their lifespan in another, and most are finally destroyed in yet another place. Which choice lists these locations in the correct chronological order? *A. bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen B. bone marrow; spleen; blood vessels C. spleen; blood vessels; spleen D. blood vessels; spleen; bone marrow E. spleen; blood vessels; bone marrow