Chapter 19 Packet

Harriet Beecher Stowe

"The little woman who wrote the book that made this great war" (the Civil War)

Impending Crisis of the South

A book by a southern writer that argued that slavery especially oppressed poor whites

whether the people of a territory could prohibit slavery in the light of the Dred Scott decision

A key issue in the Lincoln-Douglas debates was

Crittenden Compromise

A last-ditch plan to save the Union by providing guarantees for slavery in the territories

Confederacy

A new nation that proclaimed its independence in Montgomery,Alabama in 1861

Uncle Tom's Cabin

A powerful, personal novel that altered the course of American politics

Charles Sumner

Abolitionist senator whose verbal attack on the South provoked a pysical assault that severly injured him

New England Emigrant Aid Company

Abolitonist group that sent settlers and "Beecher's Bibles" to oppose slavery in Kansas

Know Nothings

Anti-immigrant party headed by former President Fillmore that competed ith Republicans and Democrats in the election of 1856

the admission of Kansas as a slave state

As presented to Congress, the Lecompton Constitution provided for

Dred Scott

Black slave whose unsuccessful attempt to win his freedom deepened the sectional controversy

John C. Breckenridge

Buchanan's vice president, nominated for president by breakaway southern Democrats in 1860

Convinced southerners that the North generally supported murder and slave rebellion

CAUSE AND EFFECT: John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry

Offended Senator Douglas and divided the Democratic party

CAUSE AND EFFECT: Buchanan's support for the pro-slavery Lecompton Constitution

Persuaded millions of northerners and Europeans that slavery was evil and should be eliminated

CAUSE AND EFFECT: H.B. Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin

Ended the last hopes of a peaceable sectional settlement and an end to secession

CAUSE AND EFFECT: Lincoln's rejection of the Crittenden Compromise

Made Lincoln a leading national Republican figure and hurt Douglas' presidential chances

CAUSE AND EFFECT: The The 1858 Illinois senate race

Moved South Carolina to declare immediate secession from the United States

CAUSE AND EFFECT: The election of Lincoln as president

Led to a "mini" prarie civil war between proslavery and antislavery factions

CAUSE AND EFFECT: The exercise of "popular sovereignty: in KAnsas

Shattered one of the last links between the sections and almost guaranteed Lincoln's victory in 1860

CAUSE AND EFFECT: The splitting of the Democratic party in 1860

Paralyzed the North while the southern secessionist movement gained momentum

CAUSE AND EFFECT: the "lame-duck" period and Buchanan's incecisiveness

Dred Scott

Controversial Supreme Court ruling that blacks had no civil or human rights and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories

northern antislavery feeling

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin greatly strengthened

slavery did great harm to the poor whites of the South

Hinton R. Helper's The Impending Crisis of the South contended that

it permitted the further extension of slavery north of the line of 36 30

Lincoln rejected the propsed Crittenden Compromise because

Constitutional Union Party

Newly formed middle-of-the road party of elderly politicians that sought compromise in 1860, but carried only 3 border states

lame duck

Period between Lincoln's election and his inauguration, during which the ineffectual President Buchanan remined in office

Beechers Bibles

Rifles paid for by New England abolitionists and brought to Kansas by anti-slavery pioneers

John C. Fremont

Romantic western hero and the first Republican candidate for president

Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas

Scene of militant abolitionist John Brown's massacre of proslavery men in 1856

Panic of 1857

Sharp economic decline that increased northern demands for a high trariff and convinced southerners that the North was economically vulnerable

Harpers Ferry, Virginia

Site of a federal arsenal where a militant abolitionist attempted to start a slave rebellion

Montgomery, Alabama

Site where seven seceding states united to declare their independence from the United States

Preston Brooks

Southern congressman whose bloody attack on a norhtern senator fueled sectional hatred

Hinton R. Helper

Southern-born author whose book attacking slavery's effects on whites aroused northern opinion

the believed Brown's violent abolitionist sentiments were shared by the whole North

Southerners were particularly enraged by the John Brown affair because

Bleeding Kansas

Term that described the prarie erritory where a small-scale civil war erupted in 1856

Infuriated Republicans and made them determined to defy the Supreme Court

The Dred Scott case

that violent disagreements about slavery were being felt in the halls of Congress

The Sumner-Brooks affair revealed

was greatly escalated by abolitionist-funded settlers and proslavery "border ruffians" from Missouri

The conflict over slavey in Kansas

the dramatic rise of the Republican party

The election on 1856 was most noteworthy for

killing five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas

The fanatical abolitionist John Brown made his first entry into violent antislavery politics by

its economy was fundamentally stronger than that of the North

The panic of 1857 encouraged the South to believe that

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Thoughtful political discussions during an Illinois Senate capmpaign that sharply defined national issues concerning slavery

Lecompton Constitution

Tricky proslavery document designed to bring Kansas into the Union but blocked by Stephben A. Douglas

James Buchanan

Weak Democratic president whose manipulation by proslavery forces divided his own party

seven southern states had seceded and formed the Confederate States of America

Within two months after the election of Lincoln,

opposed the expansion of slavery but made no statements threatening to abolish slavery in the South

During the campaign of 1860, Abaham Lincoln and the Republican party

John Brown

Fanatical and bloody-minded abolitionist martyr admired in the North and hated in the South

Jefferson Davis

Former United States senator who in 1861 became the president of what called itself a new nation

Election of 1860

Four-way race for the presidency that resulted in the election of a sectional minority president

ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories becasuse slaves were private property

In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court

split in two, with each faction nominating its own presidential candidate

In the campaign of 1860, the Democratic party

Stephen A. Douglas

Leading northern Democrat whose presidential hopes fell victim to the conflict over slavery