Chapter 19 Vibrations and Waves

41) In the Doppler effect it is important to distinguish between A) frequency and speed. B) speed and velocity. C) speed and acceleration. D) distance and displacement.

A

transverse waves

A wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicularly to the direction the wave is traveling

16) An object that completes 10 vibrations in 20 seconds has a frequency of A) 0. 5 hertz. B) 2 hertz. C) 200 hertz.

A) .5 Hertz

19) A weight suspended from a spring bobs up and down over a distance of 1 meter in two seconds. Its frequency is A) 0.5 hertz B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) none of the above

A) 0.5 hertz

20 The frequency of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 hertz. B) 1/60 hertz. C) 60 hertz.

A) 1 hertz.

7) When an elevator is accelerating upward the frequency of a pendulum inside A) increases. B) decreases. C) doesn't change.

A) Increases

27) The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

A) along the direction of wave travel.

12) The frequency of a simple pendulum does NOT depend on A) its mass. B) its length. C) the acceleration due to gravity. D) all of the above E) none of the above

A) its mass.

37) A node is a position of A) minimum amplitude. B)maximum amplitude. C)half amplitude.

A) minimum amplitude.

4) The pendulum with the greatest frequency is one with the A) shortest length. B) longest length. C) neither of these

A) shortest length.

8) The source of all waves is A) something that vibrates. B) energy. C) a force of some kind. D) all of the above E) none of the above

A) something that vibrates

25) Which of these is a longitudinal wave? A) sound B) light C) radio D) all of the above E) none of the above

A) sound

24) The compressions and rarefactions in a longitudinal wave travel in A) the same direction B) opposite directions. C) a vacuum.

A) the same direction

43)A Blue shift for light indicates that the light source is moving A) toward you B)away from you. C) both of these D) neither of these

A) toward you

13) The frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz and its period is A)0.1 second B) 10 seconds. C) 100 seconds. D) none of the above

A)0.1 second

Doppler effect

An observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving

39) The number of nodes, including the end points, in a standing wave that is three wavelengths A)4 B)5 C)6 D)7. E) none of the above

B)

42) A red shift for light indicates that the light source is moving A)toward you. B) away from you. C) both of these D) neither of these

B)

22) A 101-MHz radio wave has vibrations per second of A) less than 101.000,000. B) 101,000,000. C) more than 101.000,000.

B) 101,000,000.

23) Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is A) 0.3 m. B)3.0m C) 30 m. D) 300 m. E) none of the above

B) 3.0

14) a vibration per second wave travels 30 meters in 1 second stegue® A) 30 hertz and it travels at 60 m/s. B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s. C) 1800 hertz and it travels at 2 m/s. D) none of the above

B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s.

5) If a child swinging to and fro on a playground swing stands up, her time for a to-and-fro swing is A) longer. B) shorter. C) unchanged.

B) Shorter

6) A pendulum clock at high altitudes runs A) fast. B)slow. C) normally as it does at sea level.

B) Slow

52) The source of a sonic boom may be a A) whip. B) a high-speed bullet C) both of these D) neither of these

B) a high-speed bullet

36) A standing wave is likely produced when A) two waves overlap. B) a wave reflects upon itself. C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero. D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

B) a wave reflects upon itself.

26) The vibrations of a transverse wave move A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel

15 if you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period A) doubles. B) halves. C) is quartered.

B) halves

44) If you quickly run away from the orchestra at a concert, the frequency of the sound you hear will be A) decreased B) increased. C) neither of these.

B) increased.

50) As a supersonic aircraft increases in speed. the angle of is V shaped shock wave becomes A)wider B) narrower C) both of these D) neither of these

B) narrower

28) Which of these is a transverse wave? A) a Slinky shaken to and fro. B) radio wave C) a sound wave D) all of the above E) none of the above

B) radio wave

51) The source of a sonic boom A) must be a sound emitter. B)may or may not be a sound emitter C) is not a sound emitter. D) none of the above

B)may or may not be a sound emitter

32) The distance traveled by a wave during a single period is A) one-half wavelength. B)one wavelength. C) two wavelengths. D) none of the above

B)one wavelength.

47) An aircraft that flies faster than the speed of sound is said to be A) subsonic. B)supersonic. C) impossible. D) none of the above

B)supersonic.

48) A shock wave is A) the opposite of a bow wave. B)usually composed of a pair of closely spaced cones. C) weak for aircraft that fly at less than the speed of sound. D) all of the above E) none of the above

B)usually composed of a pair of closely spaced cones.

38, The number of nodes, including the end points in a standing wave that is two wavelengus A) 1. B) 2. C)3 D) 4. E) none of the above

C

17) An object that completes 20 vibrations in 10 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C)2 hertz. D) 200 hertz.

C) 2 Hertz

30) A water wave passes by a floating leaf that is made to oscillate up and down two complete cycles each second, which means that the wave's frequency is A) 0.5 Hz. B) 1 Hz. C) 2Hz D) 3 Hz. E) 6 Hz.

C) 2Hz

10) The amplitude of a wave is 1 meter. The crest-to-trough distance of the waveis A) 0.5 m. BLIm C)2m D) none of the above

C) 2m

21) Some of a wave's energy dissipates as heat. In time, this will reduce the wave's A) speed. B) wavelength. C) amplitude. D) frequency. E) period.

C) amplitude.

45) A bow wave is produced when a speed boat moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces. D) none of the above

C) faster than the waves it produces.

46) A shock wave is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) As fast as the waves it produces C)Faster than the waves it produces D) none of the above

C)Faster than the waves it produces

29) Which equation is correct for wave speed? A) wave speed = frequency x wavelength B) wave speed = (1/period) x wavelength C)both of these D) neither of these

C)both of these

49) A sonic boom is produced by an airplane flying at a speed A) just below the speed of sound. B) equal to the speed of sound. C)greater than the speed of sound. D) all of the above E) none of the above

C)greater than the speed of sound.

33) Interference is a property of A) sound waves. B) water waves. C) light waves. D) all of the above E) none of the above

D) all of the above

40) The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) water waves. B) sound waves. C) light waves. D) all of the above E) none of the above

D) all of the above

31) A wave travels an average distance of one meter in one second with a frequency of 1 hertz. Its amplitude is A) less than I meter. B) 1 meter. C) more than 1 meter. D) need more information

D) need more information

18) An object that completes 100 vibrations in 5 seconds has a period of A) 0.5 second. B) 1 second. C) 2 seconds: D) none of the above

D) none of the above

35) Wave interference occurs for A) sound waves. B) light waves. C) water waves. D)all of the above E) none of the above

D)all of the above

34) To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are A) of different amplitudes. B) of different frequencies. C) of different wavelengths. D)out of step. E) all of the above

D)out of step.

9) Both a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave have A) amplitude. B) frequency. C) wavelength. D) speed E) all of the above

E) all of the above

Which of these is affected by mass? A) a freely-falling object B) an object sliding down a friction-free plane C) a pendulum D) all of the above E) none of the above

E) none of the above

Amplitude is

For a wave or vibration, the maximum displacement on either side of the equilibrium (midpoint) position.

bow waves

The V-shaped wave produced by an object moving on a liquid surface faster than the wave speed.

wavelength is

The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave

longitudinal waves

a wave in which the particles move parallel to the path of the wave

shock waves are

cone shaped, happen when an object moves at a supersonic speed through liquid

examples of transverse waves

light and waves on a string

Examples of longitudinal waves

sound waves

frequency is

the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time

Period is

time in which a vibration is completed

A wiggle in time is a A) vibration. B) wave. C) both D) neither

vibration

A wiggle in both space and time is a A) vibration. B) wave. C) both of these D) neither of these

wave

11) A fishing-boat captain returns to port saying, "It's rough out there with waves that are 4 meters high." He is probably talking of waves of amplitude A) 1m. B) 2 m C)3 m. D) 4 m.

2m