CHAPTER 2-5 PSYCH QUIZZES

a. conductive hearing loss

A hearing aid would be effective in treating a. conductive hearing loss. b. ossicle deafness. c. sensorineural hearing loss. d. Meniere's Disease

axon

A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.

c. the whole is different from the sum of its parts.

According to Gestalt psychology, a. the pattern is different from the sum of its parts. b. the whole is lesser than the sum of its parts. c. the whole is different from the sum of its parts. d. the whole is identical to the sum of its parts

d. receptors

Agonists and antagonists mimic or impede neurotransmitters by binding to ________. a. axons b. the cell membrane c. the synapse d. receptors

c. algorithm

Angela is an expert at solving rubix cubes. She uses one specific method that always leads to the solution. What type of method is Angela using? a. trial and error b. working backwards c. algorithm d. heuristic

c. availability heuristic.

Because Jackie has seen so many documentaries about shark attacks, she is afraid to swim in the ocean. Chris tries to convince her that she's overreacting because more people actually die from bee stings than shark bites. Jackie's belief is an example of the a. representative bias. b. confirmation bias. c. availability heuristic. d. functional fixedness.

b. less

If a researcher found a correlation coefficient of -.85 between amount of exercise and weight, this would indicate that the more people exercise, the ________ they weigh. a. same b. less c. more

a. confounding variable

If you are studying depression rates during the cold winter months, a potential ________ could be the busy holiday season. a. confounding variable b. illusory correlation c. operational definition d. dependent variable

c. positron emission tomography (PET)

Jack is injected with a small amount of radioactive glucose and then lies in a scanner. He is given a task—to think about his favorite song—as the scanner records the movement and location of the glucose his brain. A computer analyzes the data and produces a color-coded image of his brain activity. Jack is receiving the imaging technique called ________. a. functional MRI (fMRI) b. computerized tomography (CT) c. positron emission tomography (PET) d. electroencephalograph (EEG)

b. common ground

Jaxon sat down next to Harvey on the bus and immediately asked, "did you see Harper's stats last night?" Because they share ________, Jaxon didn't need to explain that he was talking about the baseball game. a. priming b. common ground c. situation model d. audience design

a. case study

Observational research that focuses on just one individual or a group of people is called a(n) a. case study b. archival study c. correlational study d. survey

a. is routed through the limbic system

One reason smells often evoke memories is that the sense of smell a. is routed through the limbic system. b. is connect to the amygdala and long term memory formation. c. is connected to the cerebellum and long-term memory formation. d. is routed through the thalamus to the hippocampus.

b. difficult to study because people cannot be assigned to various genetic and environmental conditions.

One reason the nature-nurture debates continues is because it is a. it is unethical to study the genetic influences on behavior b. difficult to study because people cannot be assigned to various genetic and environmental conditions. c. difficult to assign operational definitions to the terms. d. impossible to quantitatively measure the influence of either genetics or the environment on a person.

inflammatory/ neuropathic

Pain that is a result of tissue damage is a type of _______ pain whereas exaggerated pain that is a result of damaged neurons is a type of _____ pain.

c. the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and experienced.

Perception is a. what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor b. the available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts that influence sensation. c. the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and experienced.

reliable/ not valid

Peter is practicing for his upcoming soccer game by kicking goals but every time he tries to kick the ball into the net, he kicks it too high. Peter, in this case, would be _________ and ________ .

b. it balances out the differences that might naturally exist between participants.

Random assignment is important in grouping participants in a research study because a. it eliminates variability in the research design. b. it balances out the differences that might naturally exist between participants. c. it makes your groups identical. d. it enables the data to be collected for analysis.

b. cognitive script

Rylee has moved to a new city and is visiting a new doctor for the first time. Even though she's never been to this doctor before, she goes to the check-in counter first and then waits patiently in the waiting room chairs. She does this because she already has a ______ for going to the doctors. a. prototype b. cognitive script c. concept d. role schema

a. reticular formation

The ________ is involved in regulating the sleep/wake cycle and plays an important role in arousal and alertness. a. reticular formation b. substantia nigra c. pons d. medulla

b. Flynn effect

The ________ shows that each generation tends to have a higher IQ than the last generation. a. WAIS b. Flynn Effect c. IQ curve d. Generation Effect

terminal buttons

The branched end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters.

a. hormones

The chemical substances that are secreted into the bloodstream by the endocrine system are known as a. hormones. b. neurotransmitters.

c. opponent-process theory

The idea that color is coded in pairs of black-white, yellow-blue, and green-red is the basic premise of a. trichromatic theory b. binocular theory c. opponent-process theory

d. distribution

The pattern of variation in data is called the a. correlation b. sample c. standard deviation d. distribution

C. hypothalamus

The pituitary gland, sometimes called the "master gland," carries out instructions from the ________. a. adrenal gland b. thyroid gland c. hypothalamus d. pancreas

a. gossip

Two-thirds of typical conversations are about ________. a. gossip. b. factual information. c. families or family matters. d. personal problems.

d. dyslexia

Tyler is learning to read and write but having a difficult time. He sometimes switches up the letters and words in the sentences and almost always writes his name backwards. Which learning disability does he have? a. dysgraphia b. dysthymia c. none of these d. dyslexia

ventral/ dorsal

Visual information can be processed in parallel where the _____ pathway processes what the object is and the _____ pathway processes where the object is.

d. syntax

What are the rules by which we construct sentences? a. phonemes b. morphemes c. semantics d. syntax

a. originality, usefulness, surprise

What are the three criteria that are used to determine whether an idea is creative? a. originality, usefulness, surprise b. convergent thinking, divergent thinking, latent inhibition c. originality, flexibility, elaboration d. fluidity, originality, surprise

c. sensory adaptation

When Martha first visits her Aunt and Uncle's house, the smell of fish is overwhelming, but after an hour, she doesn't even notice it's there. What explains this? a. bottom-up processing b. top-down processing c. Sensory Adaptation d. Subliminal Perception

b. double blind

When both the researchers and the participants do not know which conditions the participants are assigned to, the research design is known as ________. a. experimenter bias b. double-blind c. single-blind d. operational study

a. Synesthesia

Whenever Katy eats pasta, it makes her think of the color purple. Rice on the other hand, tastes green. Katy has a rare condition called a. Synesthesia b. Stereoblindess c. Meniere's Disease d. Congenital Analgesia

b. make an observation, ask a question, form a hypothesis, do an experiment, analyze the results, prove or disprove the hypothesis

Which best describes the basic steps of the scientific method? a. make an observation, do an experiment, analyze the results, make a hypothesis, prove or disprove hypothesis, then repeat b. make an observation, ask a question, form a hypothesis, do an experiment, analyze the results, prove or disprove the hypothesis c. make an observation, form a hypothesis, ask a question, do an experiment, analyze the results, prove or disprove the hypothesis d. ask a question, create a hypothesis, prove or disprove the hypothesis, conduct an experiment, analyze the results

d. an electroencephalograph (EEG)

Which type of brain imaging is especially helpful in the study of sleep disorders? a. a positron emission tomography (PET) b. computerized tomography (CT) c. a functional MRI (fMRI) d. an electroencephalograph (EEG)

d. corpus callosum

You can describe something seen in your left visual field with ease because the ________ relays the information to your right hemisphere. a. central sulti b. cerebellum c. longitudinal fissure d. corpus callosum

c. monocular

________ cues require only one eye. a. Binocular b. Trichromatic c. Monocular d. Binaural

myelin sheath

a fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next

soma

cell body

a. correlation

jonas wants to understand the relationship between head size and intelligence. What type of study might he perform? a. correlation b. case study c. descriptive d. experimental

dendrite

the bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body