Chapter 2 Ethics and Public Speaking

Ethical decisions are guided by...

...your values, your conscience, your sense of right and wrong

What is the difference between global plagiarism and patchwork plagiarism? What are the best ways to avoid these two kinds of plagiarism?

1. Global plagiarism - stealing speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own. 2. Patchwork plagiarism - stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own. **Best way to avoid these is Do Not Procrastinate!

What is incremental plagiarism? How can you steer clear of it when dealing with quotations and paraphrases?

1. Incremental plagiarism - failing to give credit for particular parts of speech that are borrowed from other people. 2. Ways to prevent: A) Distinguish notes from direct quotes, paraphrased material, and your own comments. B) When in doubt, cite your source

What are the three guidelines for ethical listening discussed in this chapter?

1. Listen courteously and attentively 2. Avoid prejudging the speaker 3. Support the free and open expressions of ideas

Incremental Plagiarism

Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people

Bill of Rights

First 10 amendments to the Constitution

Why should we be honest in what we say?

Nothing is more important to ethical speechmaking than honesty. Public speaking rests on the unspoken assumption that "words can be trusted and people will be truthful." Without this assumption, there is no basis for communication, no reason for one person to believe anything that another person says.

Ethical Decisions

Sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines

Global Plagiarism

Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own

Patchwork plagiarism

Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own

Plagiarism

The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

Paraphrase

To restate or summarize an author's ideas in one's own words

Ethics

the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions

Name-calling propaganda

the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups

What are the five guidelines for ethical speechmaking discussed in this chapter?

1. Make sure your goals are ethically sound 2. Be fully prepared for each speech 3. Be honest in what you say 4. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language 5. Put ethical principles into practice at all times