Chapter 2 Mapping Our World
How many GPS satellites are there?
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Contour Line
A line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation
geologic map
A map showing the distribution of rock units and structures across a region.
GIS
A mapping system that uses worldwide data bases to form a comprehensive map
GPS
A satellite-based navigation system providing extremely accurate position, time, and speed information
3 kinds of map scales
Fractional, Graphic, Verbal
Landsat satellite
Information-gathering satellite that uses visible light and infrared radiation to map Earth's surface.
Conic Projection
Map that is highly accurate for small areas, made by projecting points and lines from a globe onto a cone.
Four Cardinal Directions
North, South, East, West
sonar technology
The use of sound waves to find objects underwater.
valley on a topographic map
V shape
Time Zone
a geographic region within which the same standard time is used.
Legend
a list of map symbols and their meanings
depression contour
a mark on a map indicating a low point surrounded by higher elevations
compass rose
a symbol that indicates the cardinal directions
hilltop topographic map
closed circle
verbal scale
description of scale using words "one inch equal four miles"
Latitude
distance in degrees north and south of the equator
Parallel
extending in the same direction and never intersecting
Prime Meridian
imaginary line representing 0 degrees longitude, running from the North Pole, through Greenwich, England, to the South Pole
Equator
imaginary line that lies at 0 degrees latitude and circles Earth midway between North and South
Topographic map
map that uses contour lines, symbols, and color to show changes in the elevation of Earth's surface and features, such as mountains, bridges, and rivers
Mercator Projection
map with parallel lines of latitude and longitude that shows true direction and the correct shapes of landmasses but distorts areas near the poles.
Satellite
natural or human-made object that orbits Earth, the Moon, or another
fractional scale
numerical ratio 1:24,000
index contour
on a map, a darker, heavier contour line that is usually every fifth line and that indicates a change in elevation
Remote Sensing
process of gathering data about Earth from instruments far above the planet's surface
International Date Line
the 180 degrees meridian, which serves as the transition line for calendar days
relief
the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area
Contour Interval
the difference in elevation between two side-by-side contour lines
Longitude
the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian
Map Scale
the relationship between the distance shown on a map and the actual distance
Cartography
the science of mapmaking
Gnomomic Projection(Azimuthal projection)
used to plot great circle routes used in air travel
graphic scale
usually consists of a bar line marked to show distance on Earth's surface
geologic unit
volume of rock of the same type and age rauge
