Chapter 2- MGT

closed

A characteristic of a(n) _____ system is that it receives very little feedback from outside sources.

the total organization

Administrative management is concerned with managing ________.

mathematics

Management science focuses on the use of _______ to aid in problem-solving and decision-making.

quality

Quality control and quality assurance are two strategies a company can use to ensure _____.

manage work more efficiently

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to

attitudes

Theory X and Theory Y focus on managers'

finished problems, employee satisfaction

What are the types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint?

the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production

quality control

learning

A _______ organization actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge.

reduce manufacturing flaws

A company would rely on ISO 9000 to _____.

system

A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose is called a(n)

X

A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager.

interrelated

A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.

process

According to Gary Hamel, management should be viewed as a(n) _____ to which ongoing improvements and innovation can be made systematically.

planning, organizing, leading and controlling (polc)

According to Henri Fayol, the major functions of management are:

received added attention believed supervisors paid special attention to them thought managers cared about their welfare

According to the Hawthorne effect hypothesized by Mayo and colleagues, employees worked harder if they:

contingency

According to the ___ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation.

inputs into outputs

According to the systems perspective, transformational processes are responsible for turning

transformational processes

According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.

money, equipment, people

According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?

SYNERGY

An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as

subsystems

Based on a systems viewpoint, the health science, finance, and journalism departments of a university are examples of ______.

necessities

Charles Clinton Spaulding, one of the pioneering theorists of administrative management, proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields.

feedback

Cheyenne has a small bakery specializing in gourmet cupcakes. In response to customer demand, she has added gluten-free cupcakes to her menu. This customer demand would be characterized as ____

systems

Complexity theory is an offshoot of the _____ viewpoint because it is the study of how multiple chaotic processes arise into pattern and order.

rationality

Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process.

systematize

Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to _____ management behavior

Maslow and McGregor

Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.

Y

If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager.

hold meetings between managers and workers to solve problems in a mutually beneficial way.

In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should

feedback

In terms of the systems viewpoint, _____ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.

outputs

In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _____.

is overly mechanistic views humans as cogs in a machine fails to account for the importance of human needs

Issues with the classical viewpoint include that it: (select all that apply)

advocates the use of rational, science-based techniques and mathematical models to improve decision making and strategic planning.

Management science is important because it

operations research

Management science is sometimes known as

human relations

Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity.

Physiological Safety Love Self-actualization Esteem

Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which of the following needs?

what motivates people to perform

Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of

be aware of their attitudes toward employees

McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y based on the realization that managers should _

mechanistic

One issue with the classical viewpoint is that it tends to view humans as cogs in a machine, thereby rendering it overly _____.

managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively

Operations management focuses on _____.

management

Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject o

quality

Quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management are all part of the _____ management viewpoint.

individual workers

Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of

management innovation is essential to future organizational success we must look at management as a process, and then make improvements and innovation ongoing and systematic much of management theory is dated and doesn't fit the current realities of organizational life

Select all of the true statements regarding Gary Hamel's thoughts on management:

open

Systems that have continual interaction with their environment are known as _____ systems.

1. Scientifically study each part of the task 2. Carefully select workers with the right abilities 3. Give workers the training and incentives to do the task properly 4. Use scientific principles to plan the work methods

Taylor's principles of scientific management?

statistical analysis

The Six Sigma approach relies on _____ to help improve manufacturing processes.

behavioral

The ___ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement.

contemporary

The _____ perspective on management consists of the systems, contingency, and quality-management viewpoints.

quality

The ability of a product or service to meet customer needs refers to _____.

quantitative

The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.

the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees to achieve

The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized

manage work more efficiently

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to _____

psychology

The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories.

Spaulding

The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit.

effects of lighting levels on worker productivity

The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ____

Total quality management Quality assurance Quality control

The quality-management viewpoint includes which concepts?

labor shortages

The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____.

quality control

The strategy for minimizing errors at each stage of production is called

quality control

The strategy for minimizing errors at each stage of production is called _____.

subsystems

The various parts that make up a complete system are commonly known as

lacking ambition

Theory X managers view workers as

imaginative and creative self-directed accepting of responsibility

Theory Y managers view workers as:

quality-management contingency systems

What are the three viewpoints of the contemporary perspective of management?

Operations management Management science

What are the two branches of quantitative management?

scientific and administrative

What are the two branches of the classical viewpoint of management?

managers and subordinates should work together to solve issues.

When Mary Parker Follett referred to the use of "communities" within an organization, she meant that

behavioral science

Which approach to management relies upon research in psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics in order to develop theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers?

Contingency

Which management viewpoint asks the question, "What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?"

Involve every employee. Emphasize continuous improvement. Use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems. Use customer and employee feedback.

Which of the following are components of total quality management (TQM)? (Select all that apply.)

1. build a commitment to learning2. work to generate ideas with impact3. work to generalize ideas with impact

Which of the following are the key functions/roles managers must perform in order to create learning organizations?

It actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself. It is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge

Which of the following are true of a learning organization?

Psychology Sociology Anthropology Economics

Which of the four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management?

Employees should be treated as assets. A corporation can be thought of as a human community. Without customers, businesses wouldn't exist.

Which of these statements represent ideas that Peter Drucker introduced in his book The Practice of Management?

it has little interaction with its environment

Which statement regarding a closed system is accurate?

Fayol, Spaulding, Weber

Which three individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory?

Hugo Munsterberg

Who is known as the "father of industrial psychology" because of his revolutionary ideas on studying human behavior in workplaces?

inputs

__ are the people, money, information, equipment, and materials required to produce an organization's goods or services.

evidence-based

____ management encourages managers to make facts and logic the foundation of their approach to decision-making.

total quality

_____ management stresses continuous improvement, employee involvement, learning from customers and employees, and accurate standards for identifying and eliminating problems.

operations

__________management focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively.

is used in strategic management and organizational studies is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments

complexity theory

historical and contemporary

two overarching perspectives about management.