Chapter 2 PrepU Questions - Theory, Research, and Evidence-Informed Practice

A nurse is reading a journal article about evidence-based practice. The nurse understands that this practice is an outcome of which type of research? A. Translational B. Quantitative C. Qualitative D. Experimental

A. Translational

A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research? A. Quantitative research B. Qualitative research C. Basic research D. Applied research

A. Quantitative research

What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care? A. Quantitative B. Qualitative C. Ordinal D. Nonscientific

B. Qualitative

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and: A. use of outcome studies to guide decisions. B. evaluation by experts to direct care in specialty areas. C. care based on pathophysiologic factors. D. cost efficiency of treatment models.

A. use of outcome studies to guide decisions.

Which statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks? A. Theoretic frameworks guide physiologic nursing care. B. Theoretic frameworks guide psychosocial nursing care. C. Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice. D. Theoretic frameworks advance the ethical aspects of practice.

C. Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.

A nurse is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The nurse is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nurse reading? A. Abstract B. Review of the literature C. Results D. Conclusions

A. Abstract

A parent has brought a 6-year-old child into the clinic. The parent is concerned that the child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in the child's class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making? A. General systems theory B. Adaptation theory C. Developmental theory D. Maslow's theory

C. Developmental theory

A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory? A. Adaptation theory B. Developmental theory C. General systems theory D. Psychosocial theory

C. General systems theory

Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research? A. Drug metabolism B. Health appraisal C. Prevention of trauma D. Promotion of recovery

A. Drug metabolism

A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. The parents have a child with a severe peanut allergy. The mother states that she does not purchase any foods with peanut or peanut oil for her family. The other children are allowed to have foods containing peanuts while they are at school and visiting with friends and family. The nurse would conclude that which of the following theories would most like be the basis for this family's functioning? A. General Systems Theory B. Adaptation Theory C. Developmental Theory D. Maslow's Theory

B. Adaptation Theory

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do? A. Ask a question about a clinical practice. B. Provide a statical analysis for studies. C. Recommend best practices for client care. D. Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

D. Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client? A. Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian. B. Set up diabetic home meal delivery for the client. C. Assist the spouse with online grocery shopping. D. Authorize an unlicensed nursing personnel to cook for the client.

A. Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process? A. Evaluating practice change B. Searching the literature C. Appraising evidence D. Formulating a clinical question

A. Evaluating practice change

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment? A. Florence Nightingale B. Sister Callista Roy C. Dorothea Orem D. Lydia Hall

A. Florence Nightingale

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention? A. Overweight clients B. Chromium supplements C. No supplements D. Weight loss

B. Chromium supplements

A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, "a 45-year-old male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation"? A. P B. I C. C D. O

A. P

Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice? A. Nursing theory B. Systems theory C. Adaptation theory D. Developmental theory

A. Nursing theory

The director of nurses (DON) in a long-term care facility has noticed an increased number of urinary tract infections (UTIs) on the east wing of the facility, and would like the infection control nurse to investigate this problem. What is the best problem statement for this study? A. "Is there a relationship between the personnel caring for specific clients and whether or not these clients developed UTIs?" B. "Is there an increase in the number of UTIs on the east wing of the facility?" C. "Does the east wing have a greater number of UTIs than the west wing of the facility?" D. "What is the client census on the east wing as opposed to the other wings of the facility?"

A. "Is there a relationship between the personnel caring for specific clients and whether or not these clients developed UTIs?"

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of: A. Erikson. B. Maslow. C. Watson. D. Rogers.

A. Erikson.

Which group of nurses would be least likely involved in direct research? Select all that apply. Clinical Nurse Specialists A. Novice nurses B. Student nurses C. Nurse Practitioners D. Nurses at the PhD level

A. Novice nurses B. Student nurses

The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory? A. Person B. Environment C. Health D. Nursing

A. Person

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to? A. Preventing skin breakdown B. Clients who have experienced a stroke C. Turning clients more frequently D. The currently used turning schedule

A. Preventing skin breakdown

A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process? A. Scientific literature review B. Identification of theoretical framework C. Problem area identification D. Problem statement formulation

A. Scientific literature review

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what? A. Traditional knowledge B. Authoritative knowledge C. Scientific knowledge D. Philosophical knowledge

A. Traditional knowledge

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as: A. adults. B. reducing salt intake. C. no change in salt intake. D. lower blood pressure.

A. adults.

Why is it important for the findings of a research study to be disseminated? Select all that apply. A. so that clinical application can occur B. to allow the nurse researcher to receive notoriety for the findings C. for research replication by other nurses to take place D. because graduate-level nurses must conduct a specific number of research studies to maintain nursing licensure E. to strengthen and validate conclusions by similar findings in more than one research study

A. so that clinical application can occur C. for research replication by other nurses to take place E. to strengthen and validate conclusions by similar findings in more than one research study

What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice? A. Theoretical writing B. Evidence-based research C. Client-focused care D. Case management

B. Evidence-based research

Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice? A. Theory development B. Evidence-based research C. Client-focused care D. Case management

B. Evidence-based research

A nurse caring for clients in a hospital setting focuses on the ill person in the health care setting. The nurse also provides care based on helping clients to adapt to the health care environment. Whose nursing theory principle is the nurse following? A. Imogene King B. Myra E. Levine C. Martha Rogers D. Dorothea Orem

B. Myra E. Levine

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding? A. National Institutes of Health B. National Institute of Nursing Research C. Institute of Medicine D. ANA Cabinet on Nursing Research

B. National Institute of Nursing Research

Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge? A. Nursing research involves clients in their care while hospitalized. B. Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health. C. Nursing research draws conclusions about the quality of client care. D. Nursing research explains ongoing medical studies to clients, and asks for participation.

B. Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered? A. Nurses now spend time looking up the best way to give nursing care. B. Nurses now have to take part in research. C. Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care. D. Nursing care now incorporates research studies into client care.

C. Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.

One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to: A. quantify outcomes related to clients. B. determine outcomes for clients. C. generate knowledge to guide practice. D. prevent further disease and death.

C. generate knowledge to guide practice.