Chapter 2 Psychology

The importance of some social stimuli

Although oxytocin has been tied to a variety of prosocial behaviors such as "love" and "trust", some researchers believe that in humans, it may actually work to increase

Right; control of right-handed motor functions

Although the brain works largely as a whole, which of the following is not a correct pairing of hemisphere and function?

Parasympathetic

As you take notes, your heart beats at a normal rate. Your breathing is normal and your stomach slowly digest your earlier meal. What part of the peripheral nervous system is currently in action?

Noninvasive stimulation technique

Bailey is a subject in a study on memory and problem-solving. The researcher is applying magnetic pulses to her brain through copper wire coils position directly above her scalp. Bailey's study would best be described as a(n)

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)

Dr. Roll is conducting a research study. She wants to measure the physical connectivity in the research participants' brains by imaging their white matter. Which of the following methods will she use?

Wernicke's aphasia

Felicia is recovering from a brain injury. She is able to speak fluently but often uses incorrect words in a sentence. In one instance at a friends birthday party, she said, "I would like something to drink. Can I have some battery?"Felicia's problem may be a symptom of

Agonist

Heroin mimics the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals. Heroin is an example of a(n):

The reflex arc

If you touch a hot stove, your spinal cord can prompt you to withdraw your hand without having to send the message all the way to the brain. This is due to

EEG

If you were suffering from neurological problems and your neurologist wanted to have a study done of your brain and its electrical functioning, which of the following techniques would be most appropriate?

Amygdala

If you were to develop a rare condition in which you were not able to remember to be afraid of certain situations, animals, or events, which part of the brain would most likely be damaged?

Dendrite

In the structure of the neuron, the _____ receives messages from other cells.

Exhaustion

In which of Selye's stages is death a possible outcome?

Occipital

In which of the following lives of the brain would you find the primary visual cortex?

Autonomic

Involuntary muscles are controlled by the _____ nervous system.

Left frontal

Jaime's grandfather recently suffered a stroke and has had difficulty with language production ever since. Most likely, he has experienced damage to the _____ area of his brain.

vision

Jessica suffered a severe blow to the back of her head when she was thrown from her horse. Subsequently, her of Cipro lobe has been injured. Which of her senses has the highest chance of being affected?

reticular formation

Maria often sleeps soundly and rarely awakens to any outside noise. However, the cries of Maria's baby can awaken her immediately. What part of the brain is responsible for this reaction?

Synapse

Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by crossing a fluid-filled space called the

Cerebellum

Nicole and Camille are synchronized swimmers for their college swim team. They often work long hours to ensure the movements in their routine are perfectly timed. What part of their brain must Camille and Nicole rely on most?

Compensation

Of the following, which is not one of the stages of the general adaptation syndrome?

Myelin

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells generate a fatty substance known as

Natural killer(NK)

Part of the human immune system is the presence of _____ cells, whose primary function is to suppress viruses and destroy tumor cells.

Pineal

Roberto has had difficulty sleeping for the past six months, and his body seemingly no longer differentiates between night and day. His doctor believes the problem lies with Roberto's endocrine system. What gland will his physician likely focus on?

Afferent neurons

The neurons of the sensory pathway contain

Agonist

The venom of a black widow spider acts as a(n) ______ by mimicking the effects of acetylcholine.

Neuroplasticity

What is the process whereby the structure and function of brain cells change in response to trauma, damage, and even learning?

Cortex

What part of the brain can sometimes be referred to as the "rind" or outer covering?

Inside; Outside

When a neuron is in the resting potential state, the neuron is negatively charged on the _________ and positively charged on the ________.

Negatively

When a neuron's resting potential is occurring, the neuron is ________________ charged on the inside.

Thalamus

Which brain structure relays incoming sensory information?

Pituitary gland

Which gland(s) influence all other glands within the endocrine system?

Acetylcholine(ACh)

Which neurotransmitter stimulates skeletal muscle cells to contract but slows contractions of the heart?

Myelin Sheath

Which of the following insulates and protects a neuron's axon and helps speed along electrical impulses?

Endorphins

Which of the following is associated with pain relief?

fMRI

Which of the following techniques analyzes blood oxygen levels to look at the functioning of the brain?

Electrical stimulation of the Brain(ESB)

Which of the following techniques involves passing a mild current through the brain to activate certain structures without damaging them?

sympathetic division

Which of the following would be active if you have just had an automobile accident?

Generating action potentials

Which one of the following is NOT a function of glial cells?

Hippocampus

Which part of the brain is involved in the creation of long-term, declarative memories, and is often linked to Alzheimer's disease?

Axon

Which part of the neuron carries messages to the other cells?

Wernicke's aphasia

You have a dream in which you wake up to find that people around you are using words that make no sense. What's more, your friends don't seem to understand you when you speak. At one point in your dream, your mom tells you that you almost forgot your tree limb today. When you give her a puzzled look, she holds up your lunchbox and repeats, "You know, your tree limb." Your predicament in your dream is most like which of the following disorders?

Pancreas

Your friend Melissa has suffered from diabetes for her entire life. She regularly tests her blood to make sure her sugar levels are not too high or low. Which gland in her endocrine system is responsible for regulating her blood sugar?

Thalamus

Your psychology professor refers to this as the great relay station of the brain. What part is he or she referring to?

Motor; somatic

Yvonne's ability to reach for and pick up her book is largely due to the functions of the _____ pathway of the _____ nervous system