Chapter 20-22 Test

25. During the Civil War a. blacks were enlisted by the Union army only after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued. b. Southern armies found no way of utilizing slave labor. c. thousands of slaves rose in armed rebellion behind Southern lines. d. about one out of every four Union troops was black. e. captured black soldiers were treated well by Confederates.

blacks were enlisted by the union army only after the emancipation proclamation was issued

13. Britain did not protest too loudly against the Union naval blockade of the Confederacy because a. Britain might want to use a similar blockade in a future war. b. the British government clearly supported the Union. c. it would have been useless to try to run the blockade. d. profits were not high enough to justify the risk. e. the blockade did not cut off cotton shipments.

britain might want to use a similar blockade in a future war

23. The South believed that the British would come to its aid because a. the people in Britain would demand such action. b. British Canada was strongly hostile to the Union. c. Britain still had slavery in its empire. d. the government had refused to allow Uncle Tom's Cabin to be sold in the empire. e. Britain was dependent on Southern cotton.

britain was dependent on southern cotton

5. In the Civil War, the South won the battle of a. Vicksburg. b. Bull Run. c. Gettysburg. d. Atlanta. e. Lookout Mountain.

bull run

10. After the Peninsula Campaign, Union strategy included all of the following except a. cutting the Confederacy in half. b. marching through Georgia and then the Carolinas. c. blockading the Confederacy's coastline. d. liberating the slaves. e. bypassing the Confederate capital at Richmond.

bypassing the confederate capital at richmond

4. Freedom for Southern blacks at the end of the Civil War a. occurred immediately with the Emancipation Proclamation. b. caused large numbers to migrate to the big cities in the North. c. came haltingly and unevenly in different parts of the conquered Confederacy. d. was achieved without the use of Union soldiers. e. was a source of considerable anxiety.

came haltingly and unevenly in different parts of the conquered confederacy

7. George B. McClellan is best described as a. disliked by his own men. b. aggressive. c. cautious. d. not very intelligent. e. a great strategist.

cautious

15. That the Southern states were "conquered provinces" that had completely left the Union and were therefore at the mercy of Congress for readmission was the view of a. War Democrats. b. the Supreme Court. c. President Lincoln. d. President Johnson. e. congressional Republicans.

congressional republicans

8. After assuming command of the Army of the Potomac, General George McClellan made the mistake of a. taking too many risks. b. relying on Lincoln's military judgment. c. being unconcerned about the morale of his troops. d. not drilling his troops enough to prepare them for battle. e. consistently believing that the enemy outnumbered him.

consistently believing that the enemy outnumbered him

33. Clement L. Vallandigham, a Southern sympathizer and vocal opponent of the war, was derisively labeled a __________ a. Carpetbagger. b. Contraband. c. Copperhead. d. Dough face. e. Prince of Jesters.

copperhead

32. As leader of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis a. enjoyed real personal popularity despite the South's loss. b. was a poor administrator. c. developed a good relationship with his congress. d. effectively articulated southern ideals. e. defied rather than led public opinion.

defied rather than led public opinion

28. Robert E. Lee decided to invade the North through Pennsylvania in order to a. deliver a decisive blow that would strengthen the Northern peace movement. b. force the Union to ease its blockade of the South. c. cut Northern supply lines. d. stir northern draft resisters to rise in revolt. e. seize Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.

deliver a decisive blow that would strengthen the northern peace movement

15. The Confederate blockade runner, the Merrimack, was a. destroyed by Union troops. b. captured and used by Union troops. c. destroyed by Confederate soldiers. d. able to escape to British ports. e. none of the above.

destroyed by confederate soldiers

13. Johnny Reb tended to be all of the following except a. jocular. b. emotional. c. religious. d. detached personally from the war. e. bred to fight.

detached personally from the war

19. Northern soldiers eventually became known for their a. discipline and determination. b. cowardice in battle. c. lack of proper training. d. high-pitched battle yell. e. love of military pomp and hierarchy.

discipline and determination

15. Of all the hardships faced by the soldiers during the Civil War, the greatest was a. starvation. b. disease. c. decline of moral standards. d. lack of proper clothing. e. constant fighting.

disease

16. The greatest weakness of the South during the Civil War was its a. military leadership. b. navy. c. slave population. d. economy. e. political system.

economy

17. The North's greatest strength in the Civil War was its a. ethnic unity. b. military leadership. c. navy. d. high morale. e. economy.

economy

8. The greatest achievements of the Freedmen's Bureau were in a. its distribution of land. b. education. c. the provision of food and clothing. d. helping people to find employment. e. all of the above.

education

38. As a result of the Civil War, the Northern economy a. became dependent on international trade. b. saw industrial profits improve but agricultural profits fall. c. saw unscrupulous business practices dramatically reduced. d. greatly benefitted ordinary workers. e. emerged more prosperous than ever before.

emerged more prosperous than ever before

17. The main purpose of the Black Codes was to a. guarantee freedom for the blacks. b. ensure a stable and subservient labor supply. c. prevent interracial sex and marriage. d. prevent blacks from becoming sharecroppers. e. create a system of justice for ex-slaves.

ensure a stable and subservient labor supply

10. To achieve its independence, the Confederacy had to a. invade the Union. b. win a decisive military victory on its own soil. c. fight the invading Union army to a draw. d. attract more talented military commanders. e. capture Washington, D.C.

fight the invading union army to a draw

39. The only major Northern industry that suffered economic reversal during the Civil War was a. textile manufacturing. b. the petroleum industry. c. wheat farming. d. foreign shipping. e. iron manufacturing.

foreign shipping

36. In the 1864 election, the Democratic party nominated__________ to oppose Lincoln's reelection. a. George McClellan b. Ulysses S. Grant c. Andrew Johnson d. Clement C. Vallandigham e. Horace Greeley

george mcclellan

18. The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were a. Shiloh and Chancellorsville. b. Bull Run and Vicksburg. c. Gettysburg and Antietam. d. Peninsula Campaign and Fredericksburg. e. Mobile and Missionary Ridge.

gettysburg and antietam

12. The final Union war strategy included all the following components except a. guerrilla warfare. b. a naval blockade. c. undermining the Confederate economy. d. seizing control of the Mississippi River e. capturing Richmond.

guerilla warfare

33. The problems that Abraham Lincoln experienced as president were less prostrating than those experienced by Jefferson Davis partly because the North a. had a long-established and fully recognized government. b. had strong political support from Britain and France. c. held firm to states' rights principles. d. was united in the cause of abolitionism. e. had fewer internal political divisions.

had a long established and fully recognized government

40. During the Civil War, women in the North a. generally played a small role. b. worked on farms but not in cities. c. saw their numbers in the manufacturing force greatly reduced. d. had new opportunities opened to them in industry. e. agitated for the vote.

had new opportunities opened to them in industry

11. Andrew Johnson was named Lincoln's second-tern vice president because a. he championed a strong federal government. b. he would politically attract War Democrats and pro-Union southerners. c. he would appeal to the hard-drinking anti-temperance vote. d. he had been an effective Republican leader for years. e. President Lincoln admired his personal integrity and courage.

he would politically attract war democrats and pro-union southerners

21. A supposed asset for the South at the beginning of the Civil War that never materialized to its real advantage was a. effective military leadership. b. intervention from Britain and France. c. the fighting skill of Southern males. d. its ability to fight on its own soil. e. its belief that it was defending its way of life.

intervention from britain and france

20. The North's "victory" at Antietam allowed President Lincoln to a. issue the Emancipation Proclamation. b. seek military assistance from Great Britain. c. force the Border States to remain in the Union. d. keep General McClellan as commander of the Union forces. e. suppress Copperhead opposition in the North.

issue the emancipation proclamation

37. During the Civil War, the Union a. launched a new national banking system. b. lowered tariff rates. c. imposed a 10 percent levy on farm produce. d. experienced runaway inflation. e. was plagued by unstable banks.

launched a new national banking system

2. Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run would a. lead to the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond. b. bring an end to slavery. c. destroy the economy of the South. d. pull the Border states out of the Confederacy. e. all of the above

lead to the capture of the confederate capital at richmond

9. As a result of the Union loss in the Peninsula Campaign, a. Lincoln named George McClellan commander of the Union forces. b. the North backed away from total war. c. Lincoln began to draft the Emancipation Proclamation. d. Winfield Scott was relieved of his command. e. the war was forced off southern soil.

lincoln began to draft the emancipation proclamation

3. Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter when it was learned that a. Lincoln had ordered the fort reinforced with federal troops. b. Lincoln had ordered supplies sent to the fort. c. the fort's commander was planning to evacuate his troops secretly from the fort. d. Lincoln had called for seventy-five thousand militia troops to form a voluntary Union army. e. southern support for secession was weakening.

lincoln had ordered supplies sent to the fort

11. As the Civil War began, the South seemed to have the advantage of a. greater ability to wage offensive warfare. b. more talented military leaders. c. superior industrial capabilities. d. superior transportation facilities. e. a more united public opinion.

more talented military leaders

32. The group in the North most dangerous to the Union cause was the a. Northern Peace Democrats. b. Radical Republicans. c. Northern War Democrats. d. Union Party. e. African Americans.

northern peace democrats

34. As president of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis did not exercise the arbitrary power wielded by Abraham Lincoln because a. of the South's emphasis on states' rights. b. there was such strong agreement on policy in the South. c. he did not believe in strong executive action. d. Lee's insistence on keeping his army out of politics. e. the Confederate Constitution gave him all the power he needed.

of the south's emphasis on states' rights

12. All of the following were similar characteristics that both Union and Confederate soldiers shared except: a. most soldiers had been farmers or farm laborers. b. poor unskilled workers were well represented among both armies. c. most troops were native born. d. almost half were under the age of 22. e. both shared a common commitment to patriotism.

poor unskilled workers were well represented among both armies

19. The Battle of Antietam was particularly critical because it a. inflated an already dangerous overconfidence among Southerners. b. ended Lee's plan of invading the North. c. delayed Lincoln's plan to announce the Emancipation Proclamation. d. ensured the reelection of President Lincoln. e. probably prevented intervention by Britain and France on behalf of the Confederacy.

probably prevented intervention by britain and france on behalf of the confederacy

26. Confederate commerce-raiders such as the Alabama a. were of little value. b. proved effective against Union shipping. c. were supplied by the French. d. lasted less than a year. e. operated mostly off the Atlantic coast

proved effective against union shipping

1. At the beginning of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln favored a. postponing military action as long as possible. b. making the Civil War about ending slavery. c. long-term enlistments for Union soldiers. d. quick military action to show the folly of secession. e. seizing control of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.

quick military action to show the folly of secession

4. The South's victory at Bull Run in 1861 a. reduced enlistments in the South's army. b. reduced the number of Confederate deserters. c. demonstrated how difficult Confederate independence would be. d. convinced the South of the need to prepare for a protracted conflict. e. forced Lincoln to flee Washington.

reduced enlistments in the south's army

30. During the Civil War, a. relations between the Union and Canada were at times very poor. b. Southerners were unable to use Canada as a base from which to attack the Union. c. the Union and Canada became very close allies. d. France made an effort to regain control of Canada. e. the British army in Canada mobilized for intervention.

relations between the union and canada were at times very poor

14. Billy Yank tended to be all of the following except a. religious. b. literate. c. intellectual. d. practical. e. efficient.

religious

7. Lincoln s declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without slavery a. came as a disappointment to most Northerners and demoralized the Union. b. revealed the influence of the Border States on his policies. c. caused some seceded states to rejoin the Union. d. contradicted the campaign promises of the Republican party. e. cost him support in the "Butternut region" of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.

revealed the influence of the border states on his policies

26. African Americans who fought for the Union Army in the Civil War a. saw little actual combat. b. served mainly as supply personnel. c. served bravely and suffered extremely heavy casualties. d. accounted for less than 1 percent of total Union enlistments. e. refused to serve under white officers.

served bravely and suffered extremely heavy casualties

6. The Border States offered all of the following advantages except a. a large population. b. a good supply of horses and mules. c. valuable manufacturing capacity. d. shipbuilding facilities. e. large navigable rivers

shipbuilding facilities

23. When it was issued in 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation declared free only those slaves in a. the Border States. b. slave states that remained loyal to the Union. c. United States territories. d. states still in rebellion against the United States. e. areas controlled by the Union army.

states still in rebellion against the united states

7. The "Exodusters" westward mass migration to Kansas finally faltered when a. homesteading on the Great Plains proved more difficult than expected. b. the Fifteenth Amendment was passed. c. steamboat captains refused to transport more former slaves across the Mississippi. d. white Kansans passed strict segregation laws. e. none of the above

steamboat captains refused to transport more former slaves across the mississippi

3. At the end of the Civil War, many white Southerners a. reluctantly supported the federal government. b. began planning a new rebellion. c. saw their former slaves in a new light. d. asked for pardons so that they could once again hold political office and vote. e. still believed that their view of secession was correct.

still believed that their view of secession was correct

22. The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of a. reducing desertions from the Union army. b. strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of the Union. c. increasing popular support for the Republicans in the 1864 election. d. quieting public opposition to Lincoln's war policies. e. weakening Confederate morale.

strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of the union

8. During the Civil War, most of the Five Civilized Tribes in the Indian Territory of present-day Oklahoma a. supported the Confederacy. b. supported the Union. c. remained neutral. d. gave up their slaves. e. sought admission as a Confederate state.

supported the confederacy

5. For blacks, emancipation meant all of the following except a. the ability to search for lost family. b. the right to get married. c. the opportunity to form their own churches. d. the opportunity for an education. e. that large numbers would move north

that large numbers would move north

31. The Southern cause was weakened by a. the concept of states' rights that the Confederacy professed. b. a president, Jefferson Davis, who catered to public opinion and did not work hard at his job. c. the failure of the Southern people to commit to the ideal of Southern independence. d. a lack of sound military leadership. e. the constant threat of slave rebellion.

the cincept of states' rights that the confederacy professed

41. The supreme test of American democracy in the nineteenth century was a. the Revolution. b. surviving the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. c. helping Britain to pass the Reform Bill of 1867. d. theWarof1812. e. the Civil War.

the civil war

13. The controversy surrounding the Wade-Davis Bill and the readmission of the Confederate states to the Union demonstrated a. the deep differences between President Lincoln and Congress. b. the close ties that were developing between President Lincoln and the Democrats. c. President Lincoln's desire for a harsh reconstruction plan. d. that a Congressional majority believed that the South had never legally left the Union. e. the Republicans' fear of re-admitting Confederate leaders to Congress.

the deep differences between president lincoln and congress

6. The Union's defeat in battle at Bull Run in 1861 was better than a victory because a. Ulysses S. Grant took command of the army immediately after the setback. b. the defeat caused Northerners to face up to the reality of a long, difficult war. c. "Stonewall" Jackson was killed. d. it caused Lincoln to declare a war against slavery. e. all of the above.

the defeat caused northerners to face up to the reality of a long, difficult war

24. All of the following occurred as a result of the Emancipation Proclamation except a. mounting opposition in the North to an "abolition war." b. sharp increases in Union desertions. c. heavy congressional defeats for Lincoln's administration. d. the disappearance of European working-class support for the Union. e. complaints from abolitionists that it did not go far enough.

the disappearance of european working-class support for the union

2. In the postwar South a. the economy was utterly devastated. b. the emancipation of slaves had surprisingly little economic consequence. c. the much-feared inflation never materialized. d. industry and transportation were damaged, but Southern agriculture continued to flourish. e. poorer whites benefited from the end of plantation slavery.

the economy was utterly devastated

14. The most alarming Confederate threat to the Union blockade came from a. British navy vessels on loan to the South. b. swift blockade-running steamers. c. the threat of mutiny from pro-southern sailors. d. the sinking of the Union's Monitor. e. the ironclad Merrimack (the Virginia).

the ironclad merrimack

28. Napoleon III's attempt to install Maximilian on the Mexican throne was a clear violation of a. French neutrality. b. the Rush-Bagot agreement. c. Spanish sovereignty. d. the Monroe Doctrine. e. Pan-American treaties.

the monroe doctrine

4. Many Northerners were willing to allow Southern states to leave the Union until a. John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferny. b. the South attacked Fort Sumter. c. Robert E. Lee was named to head the potential new nation's army. d. South Carolina seceded from the United States. e. Virginia and Tennessee joined the seceding states.

the south attacked fort sumter

18. Much of the hunger experienced by Confederate soldiers in the Civil War was due to a. poor agricultural production. b. the Union's naval blockade. c. the South's rickety transportation system. d. the fact that slaves abandoned the plantations. e. profiteering by military suppliers.

the south's rickety transportation system

24. During the Civil War, Britain and the United States were nearly provoked into war by a. the incompetence of Charles Francis Adams, the United States ambassador to London. b. Britain's refusal to observe the Union's blockade of Southern ports. c. the Trent affair, involving the removal of Southern diplomats from a British ship. d. Napoleon III's effort to place Maximilian on the Mexican throne. e. British working class support for the South.

the trent affair, involving the removal of southern diplomats from british ships

11. As a result of the Confederate victory in the Peninsula Campaign, a. Robert E. Lee was named to command the entire Southern army. b. Lincoln named Ulysses S. Grant as commander of the Union forces. c. Lincoln delayed his issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation. d. the Union turned to a strategy of total war. e. Lincoln abandoned the war in the West.

the union turned to a strategy of total war

17. One of the key developments enabling the Union to stop the Confederate thrust into the North at Antietam was a. Europe's refusal to help the South before the battle. b. the Union's discovery of Robert E. Lee's battle plans. c. Lincoln's removal of General McClellan from his command. d. the use of the new repeating rifle for the first time. e. the death of Stonewall Jackson during the battle.

the union's discovery of robert e. lee's battle plans

22. One reason that the British did not try to break the Union blockade of the South during the Civil War was that a. they feared losing Northern grain shipments. b. they did not want to fight against the superior American navy. c. the British upper class had supported the North from the onset of hostilities. d. the war caused no economic problems for Britain. e. the South resented British interference.

they feared losing northern grain shipments

21. Slavery was legally abolished in the United States by the a. Union victory over the Confederates at Gettysburg. b. surrender terms of Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox. c. Emancipation Proclamation. d. statutes of the individual states. e. Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution.

thirteenth amendment to the constitution

34. In the election of 1864, the Republicans joined with the prowar Democrats and founded the ________ Party. a. Federal b. Liberty c. Union d. National e. Progressive

union

29. The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because a. the war ended shortly thereafter. b. it guaranteed Lincoln's re-election in 1864. c. the Union had uncovered the Confederates' battle plans wrapped around cigars. d. it was decided so quickly. e. Union victory meant that the Southern cause was doomed.

union victory meant that the southern cause was doomed

5. In order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union, President Lincoln a. relied solely on moral appeal. b. used only totally legal methods. c. guaranteed that they could keep slavery permanently. d. never had to use troops. e. used legally dubious methods

used legally dubious methods

20. To find effective high-level commanders, the Union a. took only top graduates of West Point. b. drew on its reserve officer training program. c. relied on the advice of foreign experts. d. did not let politics enter the decision-making process. e. used trial and error.

used trial and error

35. To fill the army's demand for troops, the North relied mainly on a. the draft. b. bounty brokers. c. substitute brokers. d. volunteers. e. foreign mercenaries.

volunteers

18. The Black Codes provided for all of the following except a. a ban on jury service by blacks. b. voting by blacks c. a bar on blacks from renting land. d. punishment of blacks for idleness e. fines for blacks who jumped labor contracts.

voting for blacks

9. In return for support from the Plains Indians during the Civil War, the Union a. gave them land in California. b. increased their federal payments. c. allowed them to send delegates to Congress. d. made them scouts for the U. S. Army. e. waged war on them and herded them onto reservations.

waged war on them and herded them onto reservations

1. European powers favored a civil war in the United States because a. they could regain control of a divided America. b. war would weaken the United States' power in the Western Hemisphere. c. war could end the concept of balance of power in the Americas. d. such a conflict would halt the flow of blacks to Canada. e. two North American nations would have weaker economies than one.

war would weaken the united states' power in the western hemispher

40. The assassination of Abraham Lincoln a. was a calamity for the South. b. benefited the South. c. had little effect on Reconstruction. d. saved him from possible impeachment. e. brought an abolitionist to the White House.

was a calamity for the south

25. During the Civil War, diplomacy for the Union and the Confederacy a. played only a small role. b. was important for the Union but not for the Confederacy. c. was critical for both. d. was important for the Confederacy but not for the Union. e. relied on international organizations.

was critical for both

16. After halting Lee's troops at Antietam, General George McClellan a. retired from the military. b. moved to confront Lee again at Gettysburg. c. was appointed to command the main Western army. d. marched his army toward Atlanta. e. was removed from his field command.

was removed from his field command

36. The Union's establishment of the National Banking System a. led to the issuance of depreciated paper money. b. established the gold standard in the U.S. c. resulted in the reestablishment of the Bank of the United States. d. lasted only during the Civil War. e. was the first significant step toward a unified banking network since 1836.

was the first significant step toward a unified banking network since 1836

29. France abandoned its attempt to control Mexico a. because the effort proved to be unprofitable. b. when the British pressured them to leave. c. when the American Civil War began. d. because the Mexicans declared independence. e. when the United States threatened to force France to leave.

when the untied states threatened to force france to leave

39. During the Civil War, Grant lost one man to every_____, and Lee lost one man to every _____. a. 10, 5 b. 5, 10 c. 5, 20 d. 2, 10 e. 5, 2

10, 5

3. Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) the Battle of Bull Run, (B) the Battle of Gettysburg, (C) Lee's surrender at Appomattox, (D) the Battle of Antietam. a. B, C, A, D b. D, B, C, A c. C, A, D, B d. A, B, D, C e. A, D, B, C

A D B C

12. As a politician, Andrew Johnson developed a reputation as a. a supporter of the planter aristocrats. b. an opponent of slavery. c. an inspiring and calmly eloquent speaker. d. a champion of the poor whites. e. a secret Confederate sympathizer.

a champion of the poor whites

10. In President Andrew Johnson's view, the Freedmen's Bureau was a. a valuable agency. b. acceptable only because it also helped poor whites. c. a tolerable compromise with the radical Congress. d. a potential source of Republican patronage jobs. e. a meddlesome agency that should be killed.

a meddlesome agency that should be killed

9. The white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as a. a meddlesome federal agency that threatened to upset white racial dominance. b. an agency acceptable only because it also helped poor whites. c. a valued partner in rebuilding the South. d. more helpful in the North than the South. e. a threat to state social service agencies.

a meddlesome federal agency that threatened to upset white racial dominance

2. President Lincoln's decision on what to do about the situation at Fort Sumter in the first weeks of his administration can best be characterized as a. ill thought out. b. rash and hotheaded. c. the only possible option. d. a strategic blunder. e. a middle of the road solution

a middle of the road solution

27. The Confederacy enlisted slaves into their army a. a month before the war ended. b. at the beginning of the war. c. as a response to the Emancipation Proclamation. d. to help in the attack on Gettysburg. e. in recognition that the idea of slavery was wrong.

a month before the war ended

14. In his 10 percent plan for Reconstruction, President Lincoln promised a. rapid readmission of Southern states into the Union. b. former slaves the right to vote. c. the restoration of the planter aristocracy to political power. d. severe punishment of Southern political and military leaders. e. a plan to allow 10 percent of blacks to vote.

a rapid readmission of southern states into the union

31. One consequence of General William T. Sherman's style of warfare was a. a longer war. b. the loss of more lives. c. fewer desertions on the Confederate side. d. southern resignation to defeat. e. a shorter war that saved lives.

a shorter war that saved lives

1. The fate of the defeated Confederate leaders was that a. most were sentenced to prison for life. b. several were executed for treason. c. after brief jail terms all were pardoned in 1868. d. they were immediately returned to citizenship and full civil rights. e. many went into exile in slaveholding Brazil.

after brief jail terms all were pardoned in 1868

16. President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction a. differed radically from Lincoln's. b. guaranteed former slaves the right to vote. c. required that all former Confederate states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. d. established literacy tests for voting in the South. e. aimed at swift restoration of the southern states after a few basic conditions were met.

aimed at swift restoration of the southern states after a few basic conditions were met

27. The Confederacy's most effective commerce-raider was the a. Monitor. b. Merrimack. c. Trent. d. Virginia. e. Alabama.

alabama

30. The Union victory at Vicksburg was of major importance because a. It reopened the Mississippi River to Northern trade. b. coupled with the victory at Gettysburg, foreign help for the Confederacy was irretrievably lost. c. it helped to quell Northern peace agitation. d. it cut off the supply of cattle and other goods from Texas and Louisiana. e. all of the above.

all of the above

42. The Civil War resulted in which of the following? a. expanded federal powers of taxation b. the end of nullification and secession c. the creation of the first federal social welfare agency d. the end of slavery e. all of the above

all of the above

35. In the 1864 election, Abraham Lincoln's running mate was a. Salmon P. Chase. b. Wendell Phillips. c. William Tecumseh Sherman. d. Stephen A. Douglas. e. Andrew Johnson.

andrew johnson

38. General Ulysses S. Grant's basic strategy in the Civil War involved a. attacking the enemy one army at a time. b. striking tactically from the flanks. c. assailing the enemy's armies simultaneously and directly. d. extensive use of interior line defense. e. surrounding enemy armies for a long siege.

assailing the enemy's armies simultaneously and directly

37. The Union army's victory in the capture of was probably critical to Lincoln's reelection in 1864. a. Gettysburg b. Richmond c. Vicksburg d. Antietam e. Atlanta

atlanta

6. In 1865, Southern a. whites quickly admitted they had been wrong in trying to secede and win Southern independence. b. whites rapidly turned their slaves into paid employees. c. blacks uniformly turned in anger and revenge against their former masters. d. blacks often began traveling to test their freedom, search for family members, and seek economic opportunity. e. blacks looked to the federal government for help.

blacks often began traveling to test their freedom, search for family members, and seek economic opportunity