Chapter 20 The Imperial republic

16. As in the Civil War, the bulk of U.S. soldiers in the Spanish-American War came from A. National Guard units. B. volunteers. C. a draft. D. the federal professional army.

A. National Guard units.

8. In the late nineteenth century, the United States' interest in Samoa saw competition from A. Russia. B. Germany. C. Japan. D. Australia.

B. Germany.

15. Which of the following statements regarding the Spanish-American War is FALSE? A. The war lasted only a few months with fewer than 500 American battle casualties. B. U.S. Army soldiers were well-equipped and supplied. C. More than 5,000 U.S. soldiers died from disease during the war. D. Cuban rebels did most of the fighting even after the Americans joined in the war.

B. U.S. Army soldiers were well-equipped and supplied.

17. The story of race and the Spanish-American War saw A. Cubans refuse to fight alongside of U.S. blacks. B. a significant number of black troops in the American forces. C. blacks fighting in integrated American units for the first time. D. only whites fight for the United States.

B. a significant number of black troops in the American forces.

36. In 1900, the Chinese Boxer Rebellion was directed at A. the Chinese government. B. all foreigners in China. C. only Americans in China. D. only Japanese in China.

B. all foreigners in China.

2. Arguments used by Social Darwinists in the United States to justify expansionism A. included the belief that weak nations should be destroyed. B. contended all nations were engaged in a constant struggle to survive. C. were created and first promoted by Charles Darwin. D. differed sharply from arguments used for domestic economic affairs.

B. contended all nations were engaged in a constant struggle to survive.

20. The Foraker Act of 1900 A. made all Puerto Ricans citizens of the United States. B. established an American colonial government over Puerto Rico. C. put Puerto Rico under American military rule. D. called for Puerto Rico to be considered for statehood.

B. established an American colonial government over Puerto Rico.

27. In the early 1900s, which American dependency did NOT receive territorial status? A. Cuba B. Alaska C. Puerto Rico D. Hawaii

A. Cuba

9. The Spanish-American War began primarily because of events in A. Cuba. B. the Philippines. C. Puerto Rico. D. Mexico.

A. Cuba.

14. Later evidence related to the explosion that sank the Maine suggested the likely cause was A. an accident in an engine room. B. the work of a Cuban agent. C. the work of Spanish sailors. D. a floating mine of unknown origin.

A. an accident in an engine room.

1. In the 1890s, the interest in American expansion overseas was motivated by A. fears that domestic natural resources would soon be in limited supply. B. rapidly rising national wealth. C. a belief that the United States was overpopulated. D. fears that European powers might someday do the same.

A. fears that domestic natural resources would soon be in limited supply.

31. Beginning in 1898, the United States's war in the Philippines A. lasted for years and resulted in thousands of American deaths. B. saw close to 10,000 Filipinos die in the conflict. C. was led by General George Pershing. D. saw the United States withdraw its military and negotiate a diplomatic end to the conflict.

A. lasted for years and resulted in thousands of American deaths.

4. The author of The Influence of Sea Power upon History believed the United States A. should take possession of the Hawaiian Islands. B. should go to war with England to destroy its navy. C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

A. should take possession of the Hawaiian Islands.

23. Criticism within the United States of American colonialism included all the following EXCEPT A. the financial costs of administering colonies would require burdensome taxes. B. imperialism was contrary to the nation's commitment to human freedom. C. foreign obligations would threaten American liberties. D. the nation's population would be "polluted" by "inferior" races.

A. the financial costs of administering colonies would require burdensome taxes.

37. The Spanish-American War revealed to American military planners A. the need to improve glaring deficiencies in the army. B. never to fight another war in the malaria-infested Caribbean. C. the necessity of maintaining a military draft. D. that National Guard troops were less reliable than federal troops.

A. the need to improve glaring deficiencies in the army.

12. In reporting the sinking of the Maine, the New York Journal and the New York World A. were highly sensational and biased. B. immediately asserted that Cuban rebels had sunk the battleship. C. called on the government for a full investigation of the disaster. D. critical of American military commanders.

A. were highly sensational and biased.

35. In 1900, the "Open Door notes" A. were unilaterally adopted by the United States. B. were well received in Japan. C. could only be enforced by the United States through diplomacy. D. were never put into practice.

A. were unilaterally adopted by the United States.

10. In 1898, pressure for the American entry into war in Cuba came from A. William Jennings Bryan. B. Cuban émigrés living in the United States. C. Spain. D. England.

B. Cuban émigrés living in the United States.

29. According to the terms of the 1901 Platt Amendment, A. Cuba could only form treaties with nations that were allied with the United States. B. the United States had the right to intervene in Cuba to protect lives. C. Cuba was to be made a demilitarized region. D. the United States Congress had to approve each member of the Cuban legislature.

B. the United States had the right to intervene in Cuba to protect lives.

25. In 1899, supporters of the annexation of the Philippines argued the United States had set a precedent for taking land while treating its inhabitants as dependents in the case of A. the North's occupation of the South following the Civil War. B. the federal government's treatment of American Indians. C. the nation's claiming of Florida from Spain in 1819. D. the United States' taking of Hawaii in 1898.

B. the federal government's treatment of American Indians.

21. The greatest American debate over the consequences of the Spanish-American War involved A. who would control Cuba. B. the status of the Philippines. C. relations with Spain. D. the annexation of Puerto Rico.

B. the status of the Philippines.

6. Prior to its annexation by the United States in 1898, Hawaii A. did not have a sugar industry. B. was largely governed by a monarchy. C. had a native population of under ten thousand inhabitants. D. had little contact with the United States.

B. was largely governed by a monarchy.

18. In the early stage of the Spanish-American War, Commodore George Dewey destroyed the Spanish fleet in A. Puerto Rico. B. Havana Harbor. C. Manila Bay. D. Port-au-Prince.

C. Manila Bay.

24. In 1899, those who favored the annexation of the Philippines argued A. they were interested in greater trade with Asian countries. B. the United States was already in possession of it. C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

C. both A and B

32. In its war in the Philippines, the United State's military A. faced considerable guerrilla tactics. B. became increasingly brutal. C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

C. both A and B

13. In 1898, a letter stolen from Dupuy de Lome, Spain's minister to Washington, was controversial because it A. included praise for the destruction of the battleship Maine. B. discussed the use of Spanish spies in Washington D.C. C. described William McKinley as a weak president. D. mocked the military capabilities of the United States.

C. described William McKinley as a weak president.

26. The presidential election of 1900 A. pitted Theodore Roosevelt against William Jennings Bryan. B. saw the Democrats make significant gains in the Congress. C. found the American public largely in favor of national colonialism. D. saw many Americans express uncertainty over the morality of colonialism.

C. found the American public largely in favor of national colonialism.

22. The treaty concluding the Spanish-American War A. required Spain to pay the United States $20 million for its military costs. B. was quickly ratified by the United States Senate. C. transferred the Philippines and Puerto Rico to the United States. D. was rejected by Spain and was never implemented.

C. transferred the Philippines and Puerto Rico to the United States.

34. The "Open Door notes" A. sought to give the United States a monopoly on trade with China. B. gave the United States a reason to be militarily involved in China. C. were directed to imperial powers in Europe and Asia. D. were written by Theodore Roosevelt.

C. were directed to imperial powers in Europe and Asia.

3. The author who called on the United States to increase its naval forces in his book, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, was A. William McKinley. B. Richard Olney. C. James G. Blaine. D. Alfred T. Mahan.

D. Alfred T. Mahan.

7. When Hawaii was annexed in 1898 A. Americans from the United States made up 60 percent of the islands' population. B. the Democratic and Republican Parties were in agreement over the terms. C. most natives favored the action. D. American marines were used to carry out the action.

D. American marines were used to carry out the action.

28. The 1901 Platt Amendment was directed at A. the Philippines. B. European imperial powers. C. Puerto Rico. D. Cuba.

D. Cuba.

5. In 1895, the United States and Great Britain were involved in a serious boundary dispute involving British Guiana and A. Colombia. B. Brazil. C. Argentina. D. Venezuela.

D. Venezuela.

11. In the late nineteenth century, the term "yellow press" referred to A. a sensationalist style of reporting news. B. the lavish use of color in newspapers. C. an effort by newspapers to appeal to a mass market. D. all of the above

D. all of the above

19. In the Spanish-American War, Theodore Roosevelt's famous charge in the battle of San Juan Hill A. has been considered bold and reckless. B. was a minor part of the battle. C. actually took place on Kettle Hill. D. all of the above

D. all of the above

33. The Philippines achieved independence from the United States A. shortly after the election of Woodrow Wilson. B. at the conclusion of World War I. C. during the Great Depression. D. following World War II.

D. following World War II.

30. In the early twentieth century, Cuba A. attracted little investment by United States's businesses. B. won a large measure of political independence from the United States. C. developed a stable economy through its sugar industry. D. was occupied by troops from the United States for years at a time

D. was occupied by troops from the United States for years at a time