Chapter 21 Quiz: Spring 2021 BIO-215-OL-A: Nutrition

Individuals with nephrotic syndrome are encouraged to eat protein with high biologic value. Which of the following is an example of a protein with high biologic value? 1. Eggs 2. Peanut butter 3. Kidney beans 4. Gelatin

1. Eggs

The nurse has been working with a client who has CKD. Lab tests show an increase in serum potassium levels. The nurse is preparing to teach the client how to limit his potassium intake. The nurse knows this is based on which of the following serum potassium values? 1. Greater than 5 mEq/L 2. Greater than 4 mEq/L 3. Greater than 7 mEq/L 4. Greater than 6 mEq/L

1. Greater than 5 mEq/L

The nurse is seeing a client whose CKD has progressed to the point where the physician has ordered her to limit her potassium intake. When discussing this change with the nurse, she wonders what fruit she can now safely eat. The nurse recommends which of the following fruits? Select all that apply. 1. Plums 2. Apricots 3. Kiwi 4. Cranberries 5. Oranges

1. Plums 4. Cranberries

When a client is in acute renal injury (ARI), the nurse should closely monitor which of the following laboratory test values? 1. Serum potassium 2. Complete blood count 3. Blood urea nitrogen 4. Serum sodium

1. Serum potassium

The nurse is assessing a new client who is being admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after a motor vehicle accident. The client is in critical condition, and on assessment, the nurse notes there has been no urine output in the past 2 hours, but he does have active bowel sounds. Which form of nutrition does the nurse expect the client to receive? 1. Standard EN formula 2. Standard PN formula 3. AKI EN formula 4. AKI PN formula

1. Standard EN formula

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving dialysis. The nurse is aware that the client can absorb calories from which of the following? 1. The dialysate used in peritoneal dialysis 2. Potassium exchange resin drugs 3. The dialysate used in hemodialysis 4. Epogen

1. The dialysate used in peritoneal dialysis

The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses the importance of knowing the potassium content of foods when helping their clients who have CKD. The students are instructed to lists and vegetables according to their content of low, medium, and high potassium. Which ones will the nurse expect to see listed as medium-potassium foods? Select all that apply. 1. Turnips 2. Peaches 3. Brussel sprouts 4. Mangoes 5. Celery 6. Nectarines

1. Turnips 2. Peaches 4. Mangoes 5. Celery

A client has a history of type 2 diabetes and hypertension. His renal function has slowly been deteriorating. The nurse, when reviewing his diet with him, notices his sodium intake may be too high. The nurse reminds him to limit his sodium intake to how much daily? 1. 2000 mg/day 2. 1500 mg/day 3. 1000 mg/day 4. 2500 mg/day

2. 1500 mg/day

The nurse is helping the client make necessary adjustments to his diet due to his advancing CKD. The client needs to limit his potassium intake, but he is having difficulties because he loves to eat fruit. Which of the following does the nurse suggest he avoid? 1. Apples 2. Banana 3. Blueberries 4. Peaches

2. Banana

The client is learning the difference of the amounts of potassium in various foods. The nurse suggests several fruit and vegetable choices that are low in potassium to the client. What should the nurse suggest? Select all that apply. 1. Zucchini 2. Corn 3. Okra 4. Eggplant 5. Pineapple 6. Blueberries

2. Corn 4. Eggplant 5. Pineapple 6. Blueberries

The nurse is providing education regarding diet for the treatment and prevention of all renal calculi. Which of the following should the nurse indicate is the most effective dietary intervention for renal stones? 1. Altering urinary pH through an acid 2. Increasing fluid intake 3. Losing weight, if overweight 4. Restricting the intake of the offending substance

2. Increasing fluid intake

The nurse is conducting nutrition teaching with a client who just passed a kidney stone. The client asks what foods he should avoid to decrease his risk for developing more kidney stones. What foods should he be advised to avoid? 1. Grapefruit juice 2. Spinach 3. Wine 4. Green beans

2. Spinach

The nurse is seeing a client diagnosed with CKD who states that he is frustrated with trying to manage his diet and lacks an appetite. The nurse recognizes this client needs encouragement and some suggestions to prevent nutritional deficiencies. Which of the following are some suggestions the nurse can make? Select all that apply. 1. Limit dairy foods to 1 cup each day. 2. Spread protein allowance over the day. 3. Add salt at the table, not during cooking. 4. Think of meat as a side dish rather than the main part of the meal. 5. Try highly seasoned or strongly flavored foods.

2. Spread protein allowance over the day. 4. Think of meat as a side dish rather than the main part of the meal. 5. Try highly seasoned or strongly flavored foods.

The nurse is meeting with a client who has CKD. The client has been trying to follow the prescribed diet but finds it very restrictive, and she feels punished that she cannot occasionally have some of her favorite foods. The nurse notes the client may be malnourished. Which of the following can the nurse suggest that might prove beneficial? 1. Give her permission to ignore the diet restrictions 1 day a week. 2. Suggest taking a specially formulated vitamin supplement. 3. Suggest she meets with a family member to talk about her frustrations. 4. Readjust her diet to include one of her favorite foods.

2. Suggest taking a specially formulated vitamin supplement.

The client is recovering well after a successful kidney transplant. During a 4-month follow-up visit, he mentions he is thirsty a lot and wishes he could drink more. The client is drinking 1000 mL plus the volume of his urine output. The nurse can suggest advancing the client's fluid intake to how much? 1. 3000 mL 2. 2000 mL 3. As much as he wants 4. 2000 mL plus urine output

3. As much as he wants

The nurse is caring for a client with uremia that has impacted his nutritional status. The nurse should anticipate that this client's appetite will be the best at what time of the day? 1. Lunch 2. Bedtime 3. Breakfast 4. Dinner

3. Breakfast

The nurse is assessing a new client to the unit who is admitted for kidney stones. The client eats a vegan diet and does not take any dietary supplements. The nurse recognizes a deficiency of which of the following may be contributing to the kidney stones? 1. Vitamin D 2. B vitamins 3. Calcium 4. Coenzyme 10

3. Calcium

The nurse is caring for a client with CKD on a low-protein diet. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the client be given when adjusting the diet? 1. Eat more vegetable sources of protein. 2. Increase intake of grains and vegetables. 3. Measure protein portions sizes. 4. Eat all the meat allowances early in the day.

3. Measure protein portions sizes.

The nurse is teaching a client with CKD about necessary food changes that he must now make due to the progression of his disease. In order to restrict potassium, the nurse recommends avoiding which of the following foods? 1. Corn 2. Green beans 3. Tomatoes 4. Bell peppers

3. Tomatoes

The client is status post a recent kidney transplant and is progressing well with healing, kidney function, and diet. During a follow-up visit, the nurse lets him know that he can increase his potassium intake to which of the following? 1. 4 to 5 g/day 2. 3 to 4 g/day 3. Unrestricted 4. 2 to 3 g/day

3. Unrestricted

The nurse educator is teaching a nutrition class for nursing students. The discussion for today is about nutrition therapy for nephrotic syndrome. The nurse educator correctly states recent studies show the most effective way to reduce proteinuria includes which of the following? 1. Incorporating low biologic value dietary protein 2. Consuming daily amount of protein in one sitting 3. Using soy protein in the client's diet 4. Encouraging intake of any form of dietary protein

3. Using soy protein in the client's diet

The nurse is conducting teaching with a dialysis client who is awaiting kidney transplant. The client asks what the difference in his diet will be after he gets his new kidney. What would be the best response for this client? 1. You will have to eat more protein but fewer calories each day after you get your new kidney. 2. You will have to eat less protein and the same calories each day after you get your new kidney. 3. You will have to eat less protein and fewer calories each day after you get your new kidney. 4. You will have to eat less protein but more calories each day after you get your new kidney.

3. You will have to eat less protein and fewer calories each day after you get your new kidney.

The nurse is teaching a client with CKD to understand the necessary diet changes. The nurse knows that the client understands the teaching when she states which of the following? 1. "I need to restrict my sodium intake." 2. "I need to increase my protein intake." 3. "I need to restrict my potassium intake." 4. "I need to restrict my protein intake."

4. "I need to restrict my protein intake."

The client recovering from AKI tells the nurse he feels frustrated with the fact that both the physician and dietitian cannot seem to decide what diet is best for him. What is the nurse's best response? 1. "You are breaking down parts of your body to use as energy because right now your body isn't able to optimally use the calories and protein you are eating." 2. "You have a disease process that creates unique nutritional problems in your body. We haven't gotten the diet exactly right yet." 3. "They are the experts, you can have confidence that they will know to identify the right diet for you." 4. "With acute renal injury, the body cannot use protein or calories properly. It is difficult to adjust your intake of these nutrients to meet your nutritional goals.

4. "With acute renal injury, the body cannot use protein or calories properly. It is difficult to adjust your intake of these nutrients to meet your nutritional goals.

The nurse is monitoring a dialysis client whose urine output is 400 mL in 24 hours. The nurse realizes this client is on a fluid restriction. What would the fluid allowance be for this client? 1. 4000 mL 2. 1900 mL 3. 2600 mL 4. 1400 mL

4. 1400 mL

The nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of renal calculi. The client asks what he can do to keep from forming more calculi. What foods would the nurse tell him to avoid? 1. Instant coffee, oranges, and potatoes 2. Rhubarb, green beans, and tomatoes 3. Chocolate, strawberries, and wine 4. Beets, rhubarb, and tea

4. Beets, rhubarb, and tea

The nurse is seeing a client with diabetes who has been following the exchange diet plan; however, his renal function appears to be deteriorating. The nurse has suggested he makes a change to improve proteinuria. Which of the following suggestions did the nurse make? 1. Eliminate all animal source protein. 2. Choose more plant source protein over animal source. 3. Eliminate all plant source protein. 4. Choose more animal source protein over plant source.

4. Choose more animal source protein over plant source.

The nurse is helping a new client on the unit who was admitted with CKD. The client also has a long-standing history of type 2 diabetes. He has recently been experiencing nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. His lab workup reveals he is malnourished. The nurse recognizes his malnourishment is likely related to which of the following? 1. Anuria 2. Recurrent UTIs 3. Dehydration 4. Increasing urinary excretion

4. Increasing urinary excretion

The nurse is caring for a client taking iron and erythropoietin for the anemia of CKD. What type of iron will this client be receiving? 1. Oral 2. Enteral 3. Intramuscular 4. Intravenous

4. Intravenous

The nurse is conducting a support group with clients who have CKD. The nurse discusses the rationale for using high biologic proteins instead of low biologic proteins is related to which of the following reasons? 1. Are the only type of protein used for protein synthesis 2. Contain more fat and therefore more calories to minimize body protein catabolism 3. Contain less nitrogen and therefore minimize urea production 4. Promote reuse of circulating nonessential amino acids for protein synthesis and therefore minimize urea production

4. Promote reuse of circulating nonessential amino acids for protein synthesis and therefore minimize urea production

The client has recently started on hemodialysis after a long history of type 2 diabetes and a gradual deterioration of her renal function. She mentions that she is tired of always feeling thirsty. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make? 1. Eat ice chips when feeling thirsty. 2. Eat frozen fruit juice. 3. Rinse her mouth with hot liquids. 4. Rinse her mouth with ice cold water.

4. Rinse her mouth with ice cold water.

The nurse is caring for an individual with nephrotic syndrome. The client's daily laboratory results have returned from the lab and the nurse finds an elevation in which of the following results concerning? 1. Sodium and potassium 2. Potassium and cholesterol 3. Protein and chloride 4. Sodium and urea

4. Sodium and urea

The nurse is providing education to clients who are prescribed protein-restricted diets. Which of the following teaching points should be included in the education? 1. Eat all the protein in one meal. 2. Cook all the protein in the microwave. 3. Take protein supplements as needed. 4. Spread the protein out over the whole day.

4. Spread the protein out over the whole day.

The nurse is meeting with a client who has CKD. The client has been trying to follow the prescribed diet but finds it very restrictive, and she feels punished that she cannot occasionally have some of her favorite foods. The nurse notes the client may be malnourished. Which of the following can the nurse suggest that might prove beneficial? 1. Suggest she meets with a family member to talk about her frustrations. 2. Readjust her diet to include one of her favorite foods. 3. Give her permission to ignore the diet restrictions 1 day a week. 4. Suggest taking a specially formulated vitamin supplements

4. Suggest taking a specially formulated vitamin supplements

The client is learning to make adjustments in his diet due to his progression of CKD. He understands he needs to limit his potassium intake. He is learning he needs to eat certain vegetables. Which of the following vegetables are safe for him to eat? Select all that apply. 1. Cabbage Correct answer 2. Yams 3. Cooked spinach 4. Cooked mushrooms 5. Raw onions 6. Lettuce

5. Raw onions 6. Lettuce