Chapter 21 Section 3 Review

No significant civil rights legislation was passed between ___, partly because ___.

1880 and 1957, southern Democrats in Congress blocked such legislation

The first major challenge to affirmative action was the ___ case.

Bakke

The ___ forbade employers to discriminate on the basis of race

Civil Rights Act of 1964

The ___ is often called the Open Housing Act.

Civil Rights Act of 1968

___ programs are intended to make up for the present effects of past discrimination.

affirmative action

In recent years, the Supreme Court has made it more difficult for those who charge discrimination to prove their case by

demanding documented evidence showing intent to discriminate.

The Court has allowed the use of ___ only in the most extreme situations of discrimination.

quotas

One provision of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 requires that federal funds be cut off to any program that discriminates on the basis of

race

Critics of "minority set-asides" and other such programs charge that giving preference to minorities is a form of ___.

reverse discrimination

Under affirmative action plans, employers must

set aside a certain number of jobs in every category for minorities and women.