Chapter 22

1.fracture failure 2.temperature failure 3.gradual wear.

Name the three modes of tool failure in machining.

(1) coolants and (2) lubricants.

Name the two main categories of cutting fluid according to function.

TiN, TiC, and Al2O3.

Identify some of the common compounds that form the thin coatings on the surface of coated carbide inserts.

1.solid shank 2.brazed inserts 3.mechanically clamped inserts

Identify the alternative ways by which a cutting tool is held in place during machining.

1.abrasion 2.adhesion 3.diffusion 4.plastic deformation of the cutting edge

Identify the mechanisms by which cutting tools wear during machining.

1.toughness to resist fracture failure 2.hot hardness to resist temperature failure 3.wear resistance to prolong the life of the tool during gradual wear.

Identify three desirable properties of a cutting-tool material.

feed, depth of cut, and or work material hardness.

In addition to cutting speed, what other cutting variables are included in the expanded version of the Taylor tool life equation?

1.complete failure of the tool 2.visual observation of flank or crater wear 3.fingernail test to feel flank wear 4.sound of the tool 5.chip disposal problems 6.degradation of finish 7.power increase 8.workpiece count 9.length of cutting time for the tool.

What are some of the tool life criteria used in production machining operations?

1.tool material 2.tool geometry.

What are the two principal aspects of cutting-tool technology?

top face, on the side or flank of the tool, notch wear, corresponding to the surface of the work; and nose radius wear, corresponding to the tool point.

What are the two principal locations on a cutting tool where tool wear occurs?

non-steel :WC and Co. Steel cutting grades:TiC and/or TaC in addition to WC-Co.

What is the difference in ingredients between steel cutting grades and nonsteel-cutting grades of cemented carbides?

cutting speed corresponding to a one-minute tool life.Is the speed-axis intercept on the log-log plot of the tool life data.

What is the physical interpretation of the parameter C in the Taylor tool life equation?

Ceramics possess low shear and tensile strength but good compressive strength.

Why are ceramic cutting tools generally designed with negative rake angles?