Chapter 22

List the important leisure activities of the early 1900s

- Baseball and other spectator sports - College football - Silent movies - Phonographs - Vaudeville variety shows: "scandalous shows" - Popular fiction books - Boxing

Explain the main characteristics of immigration to the US 1901-1920.

- Coming for work: Reason for the huge increase in the work force, often recruited from labor agents - Immigration is very heavy - Source: coming from Southern and Eastern Europe and Mexico - Population in the southwest increases greatly - Often move to and from their homeland - Chinese immigrations drops dramatically - Japanese immigrants grows

Explain the conditions faced by working women in 1900

- Growing number of women in the workplace - Considerable prejudice of married women in the workplace - Few professional opportunities - Low pay, few skilled workers - Less than 20% of women were working (not black women tho)

Explain how Henry Ford transformed the auto industry

- He lowers the price of cars in order increase profit - Lowered the cost of production by: - mass producing stuff - use of the assembly line

List the principles of Frederick Taylor's scientific management

- Management must take control of all job related knowledge and put it into rules and formulas so it can be passed onto the workers - Management must control the work space • enforce standardization of methods • enforce adoption of best implements and working conditions • enforce cooperation

Describe the important changes in the traditional arts in the early 1900s

- Move from ballet to modern dance - Realist painters: paint life as it really was - Modern art (post impressionists): bold colors, depictions of modern life - Focus on meters (modern poetry)

Describe the costs to workers of mass production

- No control over the pace of work - Reduced worker to worker passing of knowledge - Increased supervision - Increased boredom or drudgery - Danger from machines and the need to keep up the pace

Discuss the major aspects of US farm life in the early 20th century

- Rural free delivery - Parcel post: mailing packages through the mail - Better roads - Land prices rose - Attention and work committed to farm related disease - The coming of huge irrigation projects to the west

Who was Margaret Sanger?

- United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and Planned Parenthood

Describe the important demographical characteristics of the US population in 1920

- Very young population - Life expectancy growing - Infant mortality remains high - Few older people

Name the leader of the Niagara Movement. What did he write? How was he different from Booker T. Washington?

- W.E.B. Dubois was the leader of the Niagara Movement - He wrote

What was a "bird of passage", how was assimilation stressed, and why did immigration increase from Mexico?

- a person who passes through or visits a place without staying for long -

Discuss the important aspects of mass production in the early 20th century

- assembly lines and the focus on speed and the sameness of products - industrial research laboratories - the continuing development of large scale businesses - highly mechanized businesses - highly managed businesses

Describe the important business development from 1898 to 1909

- the development of huge business and oligopolies - finance capitalists tended to replace industrial capitalists - interlocking directorates (boards of directors) are being used to exercise control in operations

Name the industries dominated by trusts from 1898 to 1903

1. Oil 2. Steel 3. Railroads 4. Utilities

Name the leading industry in the mass production movement.

Automobile industry

What was Angel Island?

Where chinese immigrants entered the US