Chapter 22: Minerals
Of over 4,000 minerals known, how many are common?
20
The hardness of glass is
5.5
The common minerals combine in different numbers to form over
90% of all the rocks in the Earth's crust
The building block of all silicate minerals is
SiO4
A mineral is called an ore if it contains a useful metal that can be sold for a profit, true or false?
True
Fracture can be said to mean that a mineral does not split apart evenly, true or false?
True
Oxides are important ores of iron, true or false?
True
Which one of the following is a carbonate?
calcite
Minerals that break through planes of weakness have a characteristic called
cleavage
One of the following is not used to identify minerals.
color
This mineral is made up of a pure element.
copper
It is possible for minerals to form on the Earth's surface if
crystallization is delayed
Minerals can form deep inside the Earth's crust by
crystallization of melted materials
The ability of a mineral to transmit light is
diaphaneity
Halite can be formed by
evaporation
Some minerals that break irregularly have a characteristic called
fracture
Which one of the following minerals is a sulfate?
gypsum
The ability of a mineral to scratch or resist scratching by other substances is
hardness
A mineral is inorganic, which means that it contains
inorganics
Ferromagnesian minerals contain
iron and magnesium
Halite has a crystal shape called
isometric
Which of the following describes a mineral?
it has a definite chemical composition
Muscovite belongs to which of the following groups of rock-forming silicates?
mica group
Which one of the following is not an oxide?
muscovite
Which one of the following is not a group of common rock-forming silicates?
nitrates
Three common varieties of potassium feldspar are
orthoclase, sanidine, and microcline
Which is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust?
oxygen
Apatite belongs to which one of the following classes of rock-forming minerals?
phosphates
Which one of the following minerals is a sulfide?
pyrite
Augite is the most common variety of
pyroxene
Which one of the following minerals is attracted by a magnet?
pyrrohtite
Which of the following minerals is the hardest?
quartz
The most abundant group of rock forming minerals is
silicates
The color of a mineral's powder is called its
streak
Which of the following is a minor property of minerals?
striation, feel, odor, double refraction
The softest mineral on the Mohs hardness scale is
talc
Which one of the following is not a major property of minerals?
taste
There are so many substances in the Earth's crust, but not all of them are minerals because
they are organic
Which one of the following is not one of the most abundant elements that combine to form minerals?
titanium
Which is a factor that affects the size of mineral crystallizing from magma?
whether it is being formed from magma or lava where it is being formed, (surface or subsurface) rate of cooling
