Chapter 22 Questions

The United States withdrew from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) because the organization was: (A)too much in favor of free markets and individual human rights. (B)too expensive. (C)over-funded. (D)hostile toward the institutions of a free society.

(D)hostile toward the institutions of a free society.

In imposing sanctions, the UN is limited because: (A)member states retain their sovereignty. (B)the UN is a superstate. (C)the power of the world is not concentrated in a few states. (D)it can force states to accept its decisions in all cases.

(A)member states retain their sovereignty.

The breakup of the Soviet Union has been marked by: (A)political instability in some nations. (B)smooth economic transitions. (C)greater security for all nations. (D)less danger of war.

(A)political instability in some nations.

In the early 2000s, the border between North and South Korea: (A)still remained a trouble spot. (B)was of little concern to the U.S. (C)was eliminated by the reunification of Korea. (D)was demilitarized.

(A)still remained a trouble spot.

During the post-World War II period, many African countries remained tied to and dependent upon European colonial nations. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

In the late 1980s, changes in the former Soviet Union and China made agreement in the Security Council less likely. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

Nigeria is ruled by Robert Mugabe. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

Submission to an international court's justice is involuntary. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The Secretariat is the legislative arm of the UN. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The UN Security Council is composed of twenty-five nations. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The UN charter does not list the use of armed forces as a coercive measure. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The UN is a superstate with authority over sovereign states. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The United Nations officially sanctioned war against Iraq. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The power vacuum created by the breakup of the Soviet Union improves the conditions for peace. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The war on terrorism has more of a geographic component than did previous wars. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan were much less expensive to conduct than originally predicted. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

All of the following countries are permanent members of the UN Security Council EXCEPT: (A)the United Kingdom. (B)Germany. (C)Russia. (D)the United States.

(B)Germany.

The nineteenth century military strategist who argued that "war is merely a continuation of politics by other means" was: (A)Otto von Bismark. (B)Karl von Clausewitz. (C)Napoleon. (D)Frederick the Great.

(B)Karl von Clausewitz.

The first comprehensive approach to the problem of war by a group of states was the: (A)Organization of American States. (B)League of Nations. (C)North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (D)Warsaw Pact.

(B)League of Nations.

Between 1922 and 1939, the Jewish population in Palestine (now Israel) rose from 84,000 to: (A)96000 (B)234000 (C)445000 (D)667000

(C)445000

Arafat's successor party was: (A)Zionist. (B)Al Qaeda. (C)Fatah. (D)the Israeli Defense League.

(C)Fatah.

The most powerful organ of the United Nations, responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security, is the: (A)General Assembly. (B)Secretariat. (C)Security Council. (D)World Health Organization.

(C)Security Council.

On the international level, reasonable discussion is called: (A)negotiation. (B)verbal discretion. (C)diplomacy. (D)a pacifistic address.

(C)diplomacy.

Throughout the history of the nation-state, diplomacy has: (A)proven useless when compared with war. (B)never been tried to prevent wars. (C)done much to avoid war. (D)never helped even once to avoid a war.

(C)done much to avoid war.

The UN military sanction in its peacekeeping efforts is supposed to be the: (A)first option. (B)second plan if diplomacy fails. (C)final recourse. (D)threat which is never used.

(C)final recourse.

The practice of having treaties registered and published by the UN Secretariat is designed to: (A)create an historical archive. (B)justify the existence of the Secretariat. (C)reduce the chances of secret agreements existing. (D)make the reasons for war more obvious.

(C)reduce the chances of secret agreements existing.

All of the following are coercive measures which the UN can take against the state that is to blame for a threat to peace, breach of peace, or act of aggression, EXCEPT: (A)severance of diplomatic relations. (B)the complete or partial interruption of economic relations with the dissident state. (C)terrorism. (D)the use of armed forces.

(C)terrorism.

In 1979, Egypt and Israel agreed to a peace treaty, and Israel withdrew from: (A)all of the Golan. (B)the West Bank. (C)the Sinai Peninsula. (D)the Jordan Valley.

(C)the Sinai Peninsula.

In Africa, governments have generally been: (A)democracies. (B)monarchies. (C)dictatorships. (D)autocracies.

(D)autocracies.

Middle Eastern politics are complicated by: (A)the United States not supporting Israel. (B)Iran's stance on women's rights. (C)China's sanctions against Iran. (D)internal tensions among different sects of Islam.

(D)internal tensions among different sects of Islam.

The usefulness of international law in the maintenance of order and peace has always been: (A)enormous during wars. (B)greatly overestimated in times of peace. (C)very strong in punishing violators. (D)limited.

(D)limited.

After September 11, 2001, President Bush followed a policy in which the United States would attack terrorists wherever they are before they commit terrorist acts. This is a policy of: (A)the United Nations. (B)defeatism. (C)appeasement. (D)preemption.

(D)preemption.

The UN's International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has supervisory power over: (A)all of the world's nuclear weapons. (B)every nation using nuclear energy. (C)all physics projects. (D)the Treaty on Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).

(D)the Treaty on Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).

The founder of modern international law was: (A)Hugo Grotius. (B)William Penn. (C)Immanuel Kant. (D)Voltaire.

(A)Hugo Grotius.

Nation-states began to develop in the late Middle Ages. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

There is no international system of criminal law. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

War making in humans is believed to depend on: (A)acquired attitudes, beliefs, and points of view. (B)inherent nature. (C)anger and other primary emotions. (D)monetary resources.

(A)acquired attitudes, beliefs, and points of view.

As the Jewish population in the Middle East increased, the Zionist population decreased. (A)True (B)False

(B)False

In 2015, the U.S. contribution or assessment toward paying for the United Nation's budget was about: (A)22 percent. (B)35 percent. (C)15 percent. (D)9 percent.

(A)22 percent.

In light of the U.S.'s difficulties in controlling the events in Iraq, what two nations have seized this opportunity to stand against U.S. demands? (A)Iran and North Korea. (B)Israel and Palestine. (C)Canada and Mexico. (D)China and Japan.

(A)Iran and North Korea.

China has been increasing its international military presence in recent years. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

Dante, King Henry IV of France, and William Penn all proposed plans for peace. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

Identifying forces that tend to bring about war is easier than explaining or evaluating them. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

In 2003, the United States and other Western countries established a Roadmap to Peace, which required both Palestinians and Israelis to move simultaneously toward peace. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

In 2009, President Obama reached out to the Arab and Palestine communities and took a strong stand against the expansions of Israeli settlements. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

In recent history, many states have discovered the high costs of having a bad reputation due to violations of international law. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

Resolution 242, passed in 1967 by the UN General Assembly, called for the return of land and property taken by Israel during the wars. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

The absence of the Soviet delegate helped make the role of the UN-led military action possible in Korea from 1950 to 1953. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

The most important organs of the United Nations are the Security Council, the General Assembly, and the Secretariat. (A)True (B)False

(A)True

The system of international law rules on the rights and duties of states in their mutual relations. (A)True (B)False

(A)True