Chapter 22 (Summer Class)

What did Roosevelt mean by the phrase "Freedom from Want"?

1.Initially, it was a call to eliminate barriers to international trade. 2.It suggested the Great Depression would not continue after the war.

According to some critics, how did the casting of the Cold War as a worldwide struggle between freedom and slavery have unfortunate consequences?

1.It made it difficult to discern legitimate postwar struggles for economic and political freedom from those simply motivated by American interests. 2.It suggested that the United States would align itself against postwar colonial independence movements in the name of anticommunism.

The Road to Serfdom:

1.advocated for laissez-faire economics. 2.offered an intellectual basis for the critique of active government.

According to Gunnar Myrdal, America's dilemma was a conflict between:

American values and American racial policies.

Why did Franklin D. Roosevelt announce his candidacy for a third term in 1940?

He argued that the recovery was too fragile and the international situation too dangerous for him to leave his post.

Why was it inevitable that the United States and the Soviet Union would eventually come into conflict after the war ended?

Historically, both nations had never shared long-term interests or values.

Why did Executive Order 9066 NOT apply to persons of Japanese descent living in Hawaii?

Since nearly 40 percent of the population was of Japanese descent, the evacuation order would have been impractical.

Why did the United States drop an atomic bomb on Hiroshima?

Since the United States had spent years and millions of dollars developing the weapon, it was going to use it in the war.

How did the struggle against Nazi tyranny discredit racial inequality in the United States?

The contradictions between the principle and practice of freedom in the actual status of African-Americans came to the forefront during the war.

Why did so many American workers walk out of their jobs between 1943 and 1944?

They charged their employers with the unseemly expansion of corporate profits.

How did the United States respond to Joseph Stalin's blockade around Berlin?

Truman ordered that supplies be brought to Berlin via an airlift.

For most women workers, World War II:

allowed them to make temporary gains.

The Truman Doctrine:

committed the United States to fighting communism anywhere.

The "zoot suit" riots of 1943

highlighted the limits of racial tolerance during World War II.

The GI Bill of Rights:

included scholarships for education for veterans.

"Rosie the Riveter":

refers to Norman Rockwell's image of a female industrial laborer.

The principles of freedom embodied by the 1941 Atlantic Charter:

reflected the idea of a global extension of the New Deal that would improve the quality of life for people all over the world.

The "Iron Curtain":

separated the free West from the communist East.

The double-V campaign was:

the effort to end discrimination against blacks while fighting fascism.

In Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court:

upheld the legality of Japanese internment.

The Office of War Information:

used radio, film, and press to give the war an ideological meaning.

During World War II, African-Americans:

witnessed the birth of the modern civil rights movement.