Chapter 22

When the prognosis of improvement in a child with psychiatric disorders is poor, what can the nurse do to positively influence children and adolescents and their parents?

Assist the child and the parents to develop coping mechanisms.

The nurse is assisting a child with ADHD to complete his ADL's. Which is the best approach for the nurse to use with this child?

Break tasks into small steps.

For which reasons is it more difficult to diagnose psychiatric disorders in children than in adults? Select all that apply.

Children usually lack the abstract cognitive abilities and verbal skills to describe what is happening. Because they are constantly changing and developing, children are unable to discriminate unusual or unwanted symptoms from normal feelings and sensations. Behaviors that are appropriate for a child of one developmental level may be inappropriate for a child of a different developmental level.

Which of the following would be important circumstances to gather assessment data for a child with ADHD? Select all that apply.

Direct observation of the child. Interviewing the client's parents. Interviewing the client's teachers. Assessing the client in a group of peers.

A nurse asks an assigned client, "How are you doing today?" The client responds with "doing today, doing today, doing today." Which speech pattern disturbance is this an example of?

Echolalia

Which one of the following nursing interventions should take priority for a child with ADHD?

Ensuring the child's safety and that of others.

A parent of a child with autism spectrum disorder asks the nurse if there is anything that can be done to control the child's tantrums. Which option should the nurse inform the parents that may be appropriate?

Explore the use of antipsychotic medications to control tantrums.

A child with ADHD complains to his parents that he does not like the side effects of his medicine, Adderall. The parents ask the nurse for suggestions to reduce the medication's negative side effects. The nurse can best help the parents by offering which advice?

Have the child eat a good breakfast and snacks late in the day and at bedtime.

The mother of a 15 year old boy teaks the nurse that her son is becoming more assertive in conflict solutions and wants to get a job. She asks if it is health for a 15 year old to be so independent. Which is valid information for the nurse to offer the mother?

His behavior reflect normal growth and development.

Which of the following symptoms are characteristic of ADHD? Select all that apply.

Inattentiveness Overactivity Impulsiveness

A child with ADHD is taking Ritalin in divided doses. If the child takes the first dose at 8 AM, which behavior might the school nurse expect to see at noon?

Increased impulsivity or hyperactive behavior.

A nurse is providing education to a group of parents who have children with ADHD. Which of the following statements would be accurate and should be included in the education? Select all that apply.

It is important for parents of child with ADHD to learn how to rebuild their child's self esteem. Because raising a child with ADHD can be frustrating and exhausting, it often helps parents to attend support groups that can provide information and encouragement from other parents with the same problems. ADHD is not the fault of the parents or the child, and that techniques and school programs are available for assistance.

For which reason is it crucial for nurses to advocate for child and adolescents regarding psychiatric disorders?

It is more more difficult to diagnose psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.

The mother of a 6 year old boy with ADHD asks to speak to the nurse about her son's disruptive behavior. The nurse would be most therapeutic by saying which of the following?

It must be difficult to handle your son at home.

Which of the following terms describes the repeating of one's own words or sounds?

Palilalia

Which one of the following statements about educating parents of a child with ADHD is true?

Parents feel empowered and relieved to have specific strategies that can help them and their child be more successful.

Which of the following disorders involves problems with forming sounds associated with speech?

Phonologic disorder

Which of the following are common coexisting psychiatric disorders for adults with ADHD? Select all that apply.

Social phobia Bipolar disorder Major depression Alcohol dependence

An 8-year-old with ADHD is jumping off the bed into a chair. Which should be the nurse's first step?

Stop that right now.

The nurse understands that when working with a child with a mental health problem, the family must be included in the care. Which is one of the best ways the nurse can advocate for the child?

Teach the parents age appropriate expectations of the child.

The nurse is assessing a 16-month-old child during a week baby checkup. Which of the following behaviors would be consistent with autism spectrum disorder? Select all that apply.

The child displays little eye contact with others. The child makes few facial expressions towards others. The child does not like repetition.

A parent is concerned that his child might suffer from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Which of the following behaviors reported by the parent would be consistent with this diagnosis?

The child interrupts others.

A mother expresses concern to the nurse that the child's regularly scheduled vaccines may not be safe. The mother states that she has heard reports that they cause autism. The most appropriate response by the nurse is?

There has not been no research to establish a relationship between vaccines and autism.

The nurse has been working with the family of a small child with a psychiatric disorder. The nurse is feeling very frustrated because the parents refuse to implement effective parenting skills that the nurse has taught. What is the best action for the nurse at this time?

Try to remember that the parents are trying to the best of their ability to carry out the suggestions.

The parents of a child with ADHD express to the nurse, "We get so frustrated when our son never minds us." Which parenting strategies should the nurse discuss with the parents? Select all that apply.

Use time out for behavior control. Give verbal reprimands for negative behavior. Use a point system for positive and negative behavior.

When teaching the parents of a child with ADHD, which statement by the parents would indicate the need for further teaching?

We will have him do his homework at the kitchen table with his brothers and sisters.

Which statement would indicate that medication teaching for the parents of a 6 year old child with ADHD has been effective?

We will record his weight on a weekly basis.

The parents of an autistic child ask the nurse, "Will my child ever be normal?" Which would be the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Your child will probably always have autistic traits.