chapter 23

These are triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage.

Arytenoids cartilage

The opening to the pharynx from the mouth is called

Fauces

Which of the following is not a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on

Force of contraction of diaphragm

This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume.

Functional residual capacity

This means the lungs and the chest wall expand easily.

High compliance

Exhalation begins when

Inspiratory muscles relax

Which is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?

Respiratory rate

These are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant.

Type II alveolar cells

this is primary gas exhchange site

alveolus

The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called

carina

Which of the below tissues provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

The conducting zone does NOT act to

clean air of debris conduct air into lungs add water to air warm air (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

When blood pH drops then the amount of oxyhemoglobin _______ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ________________.

decrease increase

This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea

epiglotis

Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system?

hyaline cartilage

Which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water?

pharynx

during swallowing which structure rises

pharynx

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory system?

trachea

The nose connects with the pharynx through the

Choanae

Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?

Dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions

This is direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs.

Oxygen into blood , Carbon dioxide out of blood

This is direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells.

Oxygen out of blood , Carbon dioxide into blood

The conducting airways with the air that does not undergo respiratory exchange are known as the

Respiratory dead space

Which of the below tissues forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus?

simple squamous epithelium

pitch is controlled by

tension of vocal cords

this is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air into the bronchi

trachea