Chapter 24 Pediatrics

What Immunization is typically given to a newborn?

Hep B

Which injection site should be used to administer IM injections to infants and young children?

The vastus lateralis

Where specifically, is the vastus lateralis site located in an infant and young child?

anterior surface of the midlateral thigh

Where should a subcutaneous injection for an infant younger than 12 mos of age be placed?

anterior thigh

What are growth charts used for?

assist the physicians in determining whether the growth of a child is normal. the charts can be used to identify children with growth or nutritional abnormalities. look at childs growth pattern.

What information is included on a Vaccine information sheet VIS ?

benefits and risks of a vaccine, info about reporting an adverse reaction, how to get more info about childhood diseases and vaccines

What can happen if PKU is left untreated?

can cause mental retardation, other abnormalities such as tremors and poor muscle coordination

What unit of measure is used for head circumference ?

cm and inches

What problems are typically associated with childhood obesity?

high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, orthopedic problems, skin disorders, sleep apnea, low self esteem, social isolation, rejection and depression.

Measuring pediatrics blood pressure helps to identify children at risk for developing what conditions?

hypertension

What site can be used to obtain a blood specimen for a newborn screening test?

infants heel

What is immunity ?

is the resistance of the body to the effects of harmful agents

What are the guidelines for preventing childhood obesity?

provide a healthy diet, encourage active play do not use food for reward, limit television, limit the amt of junk, do not make the child eat when he or she is not hungry, do not offer the dessert as a reward, encourage the child to drink water, do not eat fast food

What is the point of measuring head circumference?

rapid brain growth

What topics are included in anticipatory guidance?

safety, nutrition, sleep, play exercise, development and discipline.

What are the characteristics of a sick-child visit?

signs and symptoms of disease

Why is it important to develop a rapport with a pediatric patient?

so that the child is likely to cooperate during an examination and procedure.

Why should the childs genitalia be cleansed before applying a pediatric urine collector?

to prevent contaminants, such as baby powder, fecal material and microorganisms from entering the urine specimen

For What reason do we obtain a urine sample from a pediatric patient?

to screen for the presence of disease as part of a physical exam, to assist in the diagnosis of a pathologic condition, to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy.

What is the definition of Active artificial Immunization?

The process of becoming immune or rendering an individual immune through the use of vaccine or toxoid

What is the needle length range for a pediatric IM injection?

5/8 - 1 inch

What are the characteristics of the newborn screening test? (The how and when of the test being done)

1-7 days after birth , blood is taken from the fleshy part or the lateral or medial posterior curve of the plantar surface of the infant heel. the blood specimen is placed on a special filter paper attached to the newborn screening test card and is mailed to an outside laboratory for analysis.

When (what age) can the deltoid site be used as an IM injection site for a child?

18 months old

When should we start checking blood pressure for peds patients based on the textbook?

3 years and older

What is the usual schedule for pediatric well child visits?

3-5 days, 1 mo, 2 mo, 4 mo, 6 mo, 9 mo, 12 mo, 15 mo, 18 mo, 24 mo, 30 mo, 3 yr, 4 yr, and once a yr after that.

What Immunizations are included in a DTaP?

Diperthia, tetanus and pertussis

What factors do we look at when determining if a child has hypertension?

Kidney disease and heart disease

Tests that are included in the newborn screening test?

PKU, biotindase deficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, maple sugar urine disease, congenital hyperthyroidism, galactosemia, homocystinuria and sickle cell anemia

What Immunizations are included in an MMR injection?

measles mumps rubella

What are important reasons for weighing a child?

nutritional needs and proper dosage of medication.

What is included in a well child visit?

physical examination, immunizations, patient history, anticipatory guidance.

What procedures are performed by the medical assistant during a pediatric office visit?

temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure; weight and height, visual and hearing acuity and assisting with the physical examination

What is required by the NCVIA before an immunization is administered?

that the parents be provided with information about the benefits and risks of childhood immunization.

What indicates the that the proper cuff size has been used for a pediatric patient?

the bladder of the cuff should encircle the 80%-100% of the arm. childs arm circumference should be assessed at the midpoint between shoulder and elbow.

What things do we consider when determining the right length of needle used to administer an intramuscular injection for a child?

the consistency of the medication to be administered and size of the child

What info must be documented in the medical record after a vaccine has been administered?

the date of vaccination, manufacturer and lot number of the vaccine, the signature and title of the health care provider who administered the vaccine, name and address of the medical where the vaccine was administered