Chapter 24 Test

A substance that is reduced has lost an electron.

False

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of glycolysis?

Glycolysis requires oxygen.

__________ are considered "good" cholesterol; high blood levels of this cholesterol are thought to be beneficial.

HDLs

Fat-soluble vitamins can be toxic if consumed in large quantities.

True

As proteins are broken down for energy, __________ is generated; the liver then converts this potentially toxic intermediate into __________.

ammonia; urea

Which of the following is an example of catabolism?

cellular respiration

In the postabsorptive state, __________.

glycogen is broken down to release glucose

In the absorptive state, __________.

insulin serves as the main regulatory hormone

Which of the following is considered a long-term regulator of feeding behavior?

leptin levels

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

mineral

A person who is starving is likely to exhibit __________.

negative nitrogen balance

The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is __________.

oxygen

Which of the following would raise body temperature?

thyroxine

Match the following terms to their correct descriptions. 10.1 glycogenolysis 10.2 glycogenesis 10.3 gluconeogenesis 10.4 beta oxidation 10.5 lipogenesis options: A) the formation of glycogen to store glucose B) the cleavage of glycogen to release glucose C) the process of forming glucose from noncarbohydrate molecules D) the initial phase of fatty acid breakdown E) triglyceride synthesis

10.1 B 10.2 A 10.3 C 10.4 D 10.5 E

Match the following terms with their descriptions. 2.1 cholesterol 2.2 vitamins 2.3 glucose 2.4 minerals 2.5 protein options: A) exclusive energy source for neurons B) serves as a precursor to hormones and maintains the fluidity of the plasma membrane C) used to build enzymes D) can function as coenzymes E) may be incorporated into structures to make them stronger

2.1 B 2.2 D 2.3 A 2.4 E 2.5 C

The body's overall rate of energy output is called the basal metabolic rate.

False

Which of the following is a characteristic of the citric acid (Krebs) cycle?

The citric acid cycle generates a rich supply of the reduced coenzymes, NADH and FADH2.