Chapter 25 and 26 Study Guide
Clinical manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome
-dysfunctional bleeding or amenorrhea -hirsutism -acne -acanthosis nigricans -infertility
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome has at least two of the following signs:
-irregular ovulation -elevated levels of androgens -appearance of polycystic ovaries
Benign prostatic hyperplasia becomes problematic when the protatic tissue compresses the urethra, what are some symptoms associated with this
-urge to urinate often -some delay in starting urination -decreased force of urinary system
What are the six hormonal factors that link to breast cancer?
1. Ovarian hyperandrogenism/luteal inadequacy 2. Androgen excess 3. Hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone 4. Insulin like growth factor 5. growth hormone and prolactin 6. Human chorionic gonadotropin decreases risk
Enlargement of the prostate gland
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
The bladder wall descends into the vaginal canal
Cystocele
Describe compartment III
Disorders of the anterior pituitary gland -prevents GnRH and FSH/LH secretion
Describe compartment I disorders of primary amenorrhea
Disorders of the outflow tract or uterine target organ
Scrotal swelling caused by collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis
Hydrocele
Inflammation of the ovaries
Oophoritis
Acute inflammation of any of the organs of the upper reproductive tract caused by infection
Pelvic inflammatory disease
what is the difference between phimosis and paraphimosis
Phimosis - foreskin cannot be retracted back Paraphimosis -foreskin cannot retracted to cover the glans
What is the difference between primary and secondary amenorrhea?
Primary -failure of menarche and absence of menstruation by 13 Secondary -absence of menstruation in women who have previously menstruated
Bulging of the rectum and posterior vaginal wall into the vaginal canal
Rectocele
Inflammation of the fallopian tubes
Salpingitis
What causes PID
Sexually transmitted disease that migrate from the vagina to upper genital tract
Benign cystic collections of fluid in the epididymis between head and testis
Spermatocele
Inflammation and dilation of the veins in the spermatic cord -bag of worms
Variocele
Describe Compartment IV
disorders of CNS or hypothalamic factors
Describe compartment II
disorders of an ovary
Rectouterine pouch herniates into rectovaginal septum
enterocele
what targets the prostate and enlarges it
estrogen
Hydrocele is caused by
imbalance of fluid secretion and absorption
Variocele is caused by
inadequate or absent valves in the spermatic veins
What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea
pregnancy
Clinical manifestations of PID
sudden, severe, abdominal pain with fever
When the cervix or entire uterus descends into the vaginal canal it is called a _________ ________; it can be caused by ________, _______, or ________
uterine prolapse, cystocele, rectocele, enterocele
