Chapter 26

Why did the fight over busing become so violent in Boston in the mid-1970s?

Boston's tightly knit Irish-American community in South Boston fought integration violently

What setback did the advocates of the Roe v. Wade decision of 1973 suffer in 1976?

Congress overrode Ford's veto and ended federal funding for abortion in the Medicaid program

Which of the following was not a central theme of the Reagan revolution?

Military spending has grown far too lavish and must be reduced.

What was the 1979 organization created by Virginia minister Jerry Falwell, devoted to waging a "war against sin" and electing "pro-life, pro-family, pro-America," candidates?

Moral Majority

How did the experience of the 1960s shape America's neoconservatives?

Neoconservatives came to believe that even the best-intentional social programs did more harm than good

Even during the energy crisis of the 1970s, the national economy grew (T or F)

True

Which of the following comparisons of wage trends for 1953 to 1973 and 1973 to 1993 is accurate?

Wages increased significantly in the first period but stagnated in the second

Tom Wolfe dubbed the 1970s, a time in which "lifestyle" emerged in depoliticized form, the

"Me Decade."

What was the name for the plan by which, beginning in 1969, President Nixon gradually drew down the number of American troops in Vietnam, saying they would be replaced by South Vietnamese soldiers?

"Vietnamization"

How did trickle-down economics claim to increase government tax revenues?

By lowering tax rates

Richard Nixon appointed Earl Warren to chief justice of the Supreme Court in 1969 (T or F)

False

Which of the following was not a major theme raised by critics of Reagan's presidency?

He appears more interested in safeguarding the environment than in safeguarding the nation from communism

Which was not one of President Nixon's apparent motivations in the context of his administration's Philadelphia Plan, and its promotion of "affirmative action"?

He sought to garner the support of white working class voters for the Republican Party in initiating the Philadelphia Plan.

Why did President Nixon embrace the Philadelphia Plan for affirmative action in the building trades?

He was hoping to weaken the power of trade unions

Which of the following statements correctly describes the outcome of the My Lai massacre?

One person was found guilty in this killing of 350 civilians, but was released in 1974

A major initiative of the Carter administration was the

Panama Canal treaty.

What was 1978 Supreme Court decision that rejected the idea of fixed affirmative action quotas, but allowed that institutions of higher learning could use race as one factor among many in admissions decisions?

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

What led to the congressional discovery that the FBI had spied on millions of Americans in the 1960s?

The Church Committee investigations

What victory could cultural conservatives claim in 1986?

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of state laws banning homosexual acts

In what ways did the counterculture represent the fulfillment of the consumer marketplace?

The counterculture extended the concept of individual choice into every realm of life

Which was not a reason that Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) rolls expanded rapidly during the 1960s?

The federal government quintupled AFDC payments to individual recipients.

What triggered the rise of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia?

The invasion of U.S. troops in 1970

Why did conservatives have the last laugh in the Watergate scandal?

Watergate proved the conservatives' point that the power of the federal government had to be restricted

Which was not one of the conservative ideas that informed Barry Goldwater's campaign for the presidency in 1964, and shaped conservatism for years thereafter?

a call for expansion of governmental regulations

Which of the following was not a key factor behind President Carter's 1980 reelection defeat?

a general feeling that Carter was morally corrupt and hopelessly indifferent to the concerns of the people

An indication of America's economic troubles during the 1970s was

all of the above.

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

announcement of President Nixon's "Vietnamization" policy; U.S. invasion of Cambodia; publication of Pentagon Papers; War Powers Act

President Richard Nixon sought to replace the polarized and hostile relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union with a new era of "peaceful coexistence" called

détente.

From 1973 to 1993, real wages

essentially did not rise.

Which of the following issues was not a focus of political conflict during the Seventies?

federal programs addressing acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS

The movement to reverse the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision was supported by all of the following except

feminists.

Which is not central to libertarian conservatism?

regulatory controls

"Stagflation" refers to

stagnant economic growth and high inflation.

Which of the following developments did not help undermine public faith in the effectiveness of federal government?

the Camp David agreement

The 1960 statement drafted by young conservatives, members of Young Americans for Freedom (YAF), which asserted that the free market underpinned "personal freedom" and that international communism posed a grave menace to American liberty was called

the Sharon Statement

Evangelical Christians of the Religious Right believe that, too often, American culture seems to trivialize religion and promote immorality, and demanded the Supreme Court reverse decisions in all of the following, except

the overly easy access to divorce.

Why did President Carter cut off aid to Argentina in 1978?

A brutal military dictatorship had emerged there, waging a dirty war against its own citizens