Chapter 28, Pt. 2

All of the following were true of President William Taft except:

His political skill was displayed during his successful battle to lower the tariff in 1909.

Elkins Act (Identify the historical significance)

Law passed by Congress to impose penalties on railroads that offered rebates and customers who accepted them.

All of the following were included in Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom platform except:

More government regulation of large trusts.

What reform program did Theodore Roosevelt advocate for during his Bull Moose campaign?

New Nationalism

Both the Elkin's Act and Hepburn Act increased the government's ability to

regulate unfair business practices by railroads

Florence Kelly (Identify the historical significance)

A tireless crusader for women's and labor rights, Kelley was Illinois's first chief factory inspector and a leader of the National Consumers League, an organization dedicated to improving working conditions for women and children. Kelley also went on to help found the NAACP.

Frances E. Willard (Identify the historical significance)

*This pious leader of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union wished to eliminate the sale of alcohol and thereby "make the world more homelike."

Which of the following objectives was NOT considered part of Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal?

*conserving America's natural resources

Gifford Pinchot (Identify the historical significance)

. A friend of Theodore Roosevelt, Pinchot was the head of the federal Division of Forestry and a noted conservationist who wanted to protect, but also use, the nation's natural resources, such as forests and rivers. In 1922 he won election to the Pennsylvania governor's mansion on the Republican ticket.

John Muir (Identify the historical significance) a. His writings and philosophy shaped the formation of the modern environmental movement. b. This noted naturalist split with conservationists like Gifford Pinchot by trying to protect natural "temples" like the Hetch Hetchy Valley from development. c. All choices are correct. d. In 1892 he founded the Sierra Club, which is now one of the most influential conservation organizations in the United States.

All choices are correct

Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire (Identify the historical significance) a. When it was later determined that the fatalities could have been avoided by adhering to proper fire codes—such as leaving the stairwell and exit doors unlocked. b. On March 25, 1911, a ferocious blaze broke out in the Triangle Shirtwaist Company factory in New York City, resulting in 146 worker deaths. c. The incident sparked widespread outrage and inspired legislation to improve workplace safety. d. All choices are correct.

All choices are correct

Dollar Diplomacy (Identify the historical significance) a. First applied to the financing of railways in China after 1909, the policy then spread to Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. b. Name applied by President Taft's critics to the policy of supporting U.S. investments and political interests abroad. c. All choices are correct. d. President Woodrow Wilson disavowed the practice, but his administration undertook comparable acts of intervention in support of U.S. business interests, especially in Latin America.

All choices correct

Hiram W. Johnson (Identify the historical significance) a. Elected Republican governor of California in 1910, Johnson oversaw numerous progressive reforms, including the passage of woman suffrage at the state level. b. He is famous for declaring that "the first casualty when war comes is truth." c. All choices are correct. d. In 1917 he entered the Senate, where he proved an isolationist in foreign affairs.

All choices correct

New Freedom (Identify the historical significance) a. Platform of reforms advocated by Woodrow Wilson in his first presidential campaign. b. All choices are correct. c. Wilson's strategy involved taking action to increase opportunities for capitalist competition rather than increasing government regulation of large trusts. d. Wilson's platform included stronger antitrust legislation to protect small business enterprises from monopolies, banking reform, and tariff reductions.

All choices correct

Which of President Taft's initiatives infuriated former President Roosevelt?

An antitrust act against the U.S. Steel Corporation

How did President Taft anger progressive Republicans?

By signing the Payne-Aldrich Bill

Why didn't President Roosevelt run for reelection in 1908?

He felt bound by his 1904 campaign pledge that he would serve only one more term.

Which of the following statements best explain the difference between the platforms of Roosevelt and Wilson?

Roosevelt had a much bigger commitment to banking reform than Wilson did.

New Nationalism

Roosevelt sought to create stronger regulatory agencies to ensure that they operated to serve the public interest, not just private gain.

Brownsville Affair (Identify the historical significance)

Roosevelt's actions disillusioned many African-Americans, who began to wonder if his progressivism stopped at the color line. In 1972 Congress belatedly exonerated the men, all but one of whom were deceased.

All of the following were true of dollar diplomacy except:

Taft proved reluctant to use the lever of American investments to boost American political interests abroad.

What was the United States' first serious step toward conservation?

The Forest Reserve Act

What divided conservationists in the early twentieth century?

The Hetch Hetchy Incident

Hetch Hetchy Valley (Identify the historical significance)

The federal government allowed the city of San Francisco to build a dam here in 1913.

Wilson won an overwhelming electoral victory in 1912 with 82% of the electoral vote, but he did so with only 41.9% of the popular vote. Which of the following statements best explains why Wilson's electoral and popular vote margins were so different?

The presence of another progressive candidate sapped some of Wilson's support in the popular vote but made it easier for him to win the most votes in nearly every state.

True or False: Candidates committed to reform dominated the popular vote.

True

True or False: Wilson's support was strongest in the South.

True

Payne-Aldrich Bill (Identify the historical significance)

While intended to lower tariff rates, this bill was eventually revised beyond all recognition, retaining high rates on most imports. President Taft angered the progressive wing of his party when he declared it "the best bill that the Republican party ever passed."

The 1911 fire in the Triangle Shirtwaist factory directly resulted in the

push for comprehensive safety laws

Which of the following is NOT an example of a political reform made during the Progressive Era?

party nominating conventions