Chapter 29

Select all adaptations of land plants that distinguish them from their algal relatives.

- The presence of specialized water transporting tissues -The presence of a waxy cuticle on air-exposed surfaces - The presence of stomata for gas exchange

Choose all features that confined the green algal ancestors of plants to water. Multiple select question.

-Less water availability in a terrestrial environment -Higher levels of UV light on land

Which of the following are characteristics of all (with a few exceptions, such as parasitic plants) land plants?

-diploid embryos -the ability to photosynthesize -multicelluar haploid and diploid generations

In this moss life cycle, the male gametophyte generation is indicated by the letter_______ , while the female gametophyte generation is indicated by the letter ________ .

A B

Using the diagram of the life cycle of land plant, match each letter to the process it represents

A- fertilization B-Meiosis C-mitosis

The adaptation of plants to a terrestrial environment required Blank______. Multiple choice question.

Better water loss management

The _________, also known as nontracheophytes, are the closest living descendants of the first land plants.

Bryophytes

The closest living descendants of the first land plants are the Blank______.

Bryophytes

Choose the answers that describe the typical shapes of moss sporangia.

Cylindrical Club-shaped

One reason bryophytes require water for fertilization is because their sperm are Blank______

Flagellated

Which of the following is true of gamete production in humans and land plants?

Gametes are formed by mitosis in land plants. Gametes are formed by meiosis in humans.

In this plant life cycle, ______the generation is represented by letter A, while the _____ generation is represented by letter B.

Gametophyte Sporophyte

Bryophyte have small, green_________ that are specialized for light capture and photosynthesis.

Gametophytes

Select all features of liverworts.

Gametophytes have rhizoids. They may be leafy or lobed.

(diploid or haploid) In this moss life cycle, the structure indicated by letter A is ______ and the structure indicated by letter C is_______

Haploid Diploid

Plants that produce one spore type are called Blank______.

Homosporous

The most common type of liverwort is ______.

Leafy

In liverworts, the well-known flattened species are lobed and resemble_______ , whereas the_______ form is much more common.

Liver leafy

Which of the following distinguish land plants from the clade of green algae known as the charophytes?

Multicellular sporophytes Diploid embryos Multicellular gametophytes

Select all structures produced by mosses.

Rhizoids Sporangia

Liverworts reproduce through Blank______.

Sexual and asexual means

Moss sporophytes typically have a slender _____with a swollen capsule, known as the ______, at its tip.

Stalk sporangium

Select all ways in which moss leaflike structures differ from true leaves.

They lack veins Most of their surface is one cell layer thick They lack stomata

Select all features of mosses.

They use rhizoids to anchor themselves. Rhizoids do not absorb as well as a vascular plant root.

A major adaptation to a terrestrial lifestyle in land plants is Blank______.

a cuticle on exposed surfaces

In mosses and ferns, the haploid (gametophyte) generation occupies Blank______.

a larger portion of the life cycle than it does in seed plants

In mosses, male gametangia are called______ , while female gametangia are called_______ .

antheridia archegonia

Conspicuous, photosynthetic gametophytes are characteristic of Blank______.

bryophytes

Hornwort gametophytes are typically provided with nitrogen by their symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing_______

cyanobacteria

Over the course of plant evolution from bryophytes to seed plants, the general trend has been toward a significant decrease in the size of the_______stage in the life cycle.

gametophyte or haploid

A typical land plant has a(n) _______life cycle, which includes multicellular haploid and diploid stages.

haplodiplontic

In humans, gametes such as sperm and eggs are formed by the cellular process of ________, whereas land plants produce gametes by the process of _________

meiosis mitosis

Over the course of plant evolution, the general trend has been toward Blank______.

more embryo protection and a smaller gametophyte

Organisms that exhibit a haplodiplontic life cycle have Blank______.

multicellular haploid and diploid stages

n mosses and ferns, the gametophyte generation is Blank______.

photosynthetic and free-living

Mosses differ from other bryophytes because their gametophytes Blank______.

produce structures that look like leaves and stems

Antheridia and archegonia produce which of the following, respectively?

sperm and eggs

An important difference that distinguishes the leaflike structures of moss gametophytes from true leaves is Blank______.

the lack of vascular tissue

In bryophytes, the sperm are flagellated and have to swim to the archegonia; therefore, the presence of ________ is necessary for fertilization.

water