Chapter 3 - Culture

Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction? a. A teacher taking a cell phone from a middle school student because they would not stop playing with it in class. b. Someone being incarcerated because they damaged property. c. A power company turning off electricity because of lack of payment. d. A teacher publishing a late-submission policy.

a. A teacher taking a cell phone from a middle school student because they would not stop playing with it in class

For most of the 1990s and early 2000s, music fans usually had to purchase entire music albums even if they only wanted one or two songs. The iTunes store enabled individual song purchases to give the users more choice. What did this represent? a. An innovation b. A discovery c. A culture shock d. A diffusion

a. An innovation

Society and culture _____. a. Could not exist without each other b. Are unrelated c. Are the same thing d. Could not exist together

a. Could not exist without each other

Many Americans pay for haircuts, trips to the dentist, or transportation on the metro and bus systems. These actions support the notion of capitalism, an example of _____. a. Non-material culture b. Material culture c. A cultural universal d. The counterculture

a. Non-material culture

A cultural universal is: a. An object or a belonging of a group. b. A pattern or trait common to all societies. c. The ideas, attitudes and beliefs of a particular society. d. A written document outlining appropriate behavior.

b. A pattern or trait common to all societies.

What is the best example of a counter culture? a. Vegan people b. People who homeschool their children c. People who live "off the grid" -- no electricity or communication d. People who continually prepare for natural disasters

c. People who live "off the grid" -- no electricity or communication

After teenage activists Greta and Bruno Rodriquez led school walk outs in their respective home countries of Sweden and Argentina, students around the world began staging similar types of protests. This is an example of: a. Globalization b. Innovation c. Diffusion d. Socialization

c. Diffusion

Elise travels across Thailand with her friends and, to her surprise, finds the country quite unlike the United States. I hate the food, she tells her family at home. I hate the language, I hate the weird customs and awful music. America is clearly the best place to be. This is an example of _______. a. Paradigms b. Xenocentrism c. Moral relativism d. Ethnocentrism

d. Ethnocentrism

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formal norm within the United States? a. Driving on the right hand side of the road b. Crossing streets on cross-walks c. Paying taxes d. Making eye contact while speaking

d. Making eye contact while speaking

What is one difference between a more and a folkway? a. Mores encourage social rebellion; folkways do not. b. Mores are legally acceptable to violate; folkways are not. c. Mores are constructed based on norms; folkways are not. d. Mores may carry serious consequences if violated; folkways do not.

d. Mores may carry serious consequences if violated; folkways do not.

Xenocentrism is: a. The opposite of cultural relativism b. The opposite of cultural universalism c. The same as cultural imperitivism d. The opposite of ethnocentrism

d. The opposite of ethnocentrism

The term values can be defined as: a. The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true. b. A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society. c. Scripture found within the Bible. d. Federal laws and regulations.

b. A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society.

The term language can be defined as: a. Gestures, signs, objects, signals, and words that help people understand the world. b. A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted. c. The exchange of gestures and signals for the purpose of reaching a consensus. d. Communication grounded in ideals, norms, and values.

b. A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted.

Kurt and Mitch visit an Amish village on a class trip. Kurt says "Let's see if we can round up some old radios and appliances and drop them off for them later this week. I think they'll appreciate it. They just don't understand what they're missing." Mitch rolls his eyes. Kurt's perspective is an example of _______. a. Behavioral normativity b. Cultural imperialism c. Material culture d. Ideal culture

b. Cultural imperialism

Angelica visits Thailand with her family. When she wears short-shorts and tank tops while visiting a series of temples during her first week, she is met with hostility from the locals. As a result of the event, she has a difficult time speaking to members of her family, and questions her previous approach to style and fashion. Angelica is most likely experiencing _____. a. Globalization c. Culture shock d. Material culture e. Xenocentricism

c. Culture shock

Which of the following is an example of cultural relativism? a. Ingrid becoming upset over the course language used in the Australian Outback. b. Andy marrying a woman who does not practice his religion, though his parents disprove. c. Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying. d. Joseph protesting the Running of the Bulls while visiting Pamplona.

c. Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying.

Janet is invited to a theme party on campus, at which everyone is supposed to dress as their favorite video game character. She wears her normal attire -- jeans and a lightweight jacket -- and as a result not many people associate with her during the party. The host implies that Janet should leave, but doesn't demand it. Janet is experiencing: a. Formal sanction b. Xenocentricism c. Social control d. Ethnocentricity

c. Social control

TJ notices that their new neighbor is building a machine in the backyard. When TJ inquires what it is, their neighbor explains that its a pumpkin catapult for a competition, and shows TJ dozens of pictures of various national events and tournaments involving hundreds of people. TJ's neighbor is involved in a: a. Counterculture b. Out-group c. Subculture d. Culture

c. Subculture