Chapter 3- Health, Wellness, and Disparities

A client has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism. The client states that it is nearly impossible to quit drinking because of the deep entrenchment of alcohol use in the client's circle of friends and line of work. As well, the client claims to have though that drinking only beer and foregoing hard alcohol would prevent health problems. This client is exhibiting health consequences rooted in which human dimensions?

Sociocultural and intellectual

Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone?

Sociocultural needs

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury

What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

Health

Which is an example of tertiary health promotion?

Rehabilitation

What is the definition of wellness?

An active state of being healthy

What level of prevention is represented by educating a group of clients on breast self-examination

Primary prevention

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnoses of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educated the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary -level prevention?

Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet.

A nurse has chosen to characterize a new initiative as "wellness promotion" rather than "health promotion". Which statement best describes the difference between the concept of wellness and the concept of health?

Wellness is an active state, whereas health is more passive state dependent on the absence of disease

A teenaged client reports having diarrhea before every test in school. The nurse recognizes that this client needs to focus on which dimension of health?

Emotional dimension

A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp?

Health Promotion

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

Which definition of health is best?

Health is a state of complete well-being

A client comes to the health center for a routine visit. During the visit, the client tells the nurse, "I'm motivated to do things now to make sure I'm the healthiest I can be." When planning this client's care, the nurse should focus on which area?

Health promotion

The client is admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed. The physician ordered a colonoscopy. Which level of care encompasses this procedure?

Secondary

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care

A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with an walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client?

Tertiary prevention

A parent brings a 2-year old child for a well-baby visit. Which actions address primary prevention strategies for the nurse to discuss with the parent?

-Discussing healthy meal choices for a 2-year old child -Adhering to the immunization schedule -reviewing appropriate discipline for a 2-year old child -using a child safety seal appropriately

Which are factors that impact how a client defines health?

-culture -family -community -society

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world

The nurse is working in acute care setting and performs primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Which activity performed by the nurse is classified as tertiary prevention?

Instructing a client on how to use crutches

A nurse is caring for a client with COPD. The nurse explained to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. What is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time

An older adult client who has been hospitalized due to a stroke is about to be discharged from a rehabilitation center where the client had to relearn how to perform activities of daily living, including feeding and dressing. The client has often voiced a desire to be as active as possible. The client now expresses a strong desire to go home. The nurse recognizes that these statements made by the client indicate that the client is:

giving up the dependent role

The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:

high-level wellness

The concept of holism is based on the belief that:

individuals cannot be seen apart from the environment

Which client would most benefit from the nurse including in the plan of care interventions addressing the client's social health?

A spouse and parent who is angry about no longer being able to work due to a spinal injury

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the US. Which disease process should the nurse address?

Coronary artery disease

How can the nurse best demonstrate being a role model for health promotion?

Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol.

A nurse is caring for a client who has breast cancer. The client tells the nurse: " I don't know why this happened to me, but I'm ready to move on and do whatever I need to do to get healthy again." This client is in which stage of acute illness?

Stage 3

Which models is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based up external factors?

The Agent-Host-Environment Model

The nurse is caring for a very active, athletic adolescent recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The client appears to be withdrawn and depressed when the nurse asks how he/she is doing today. Using the health belief model, what steps can the nurse take to create a plan of care for this client?

-conduct an in-depth interview of the client's previous health issues, how the client reacted to the illness, and what support system the client has. - Assure the client that there is nothing to be worried about because many people are diagnosed with this disease, and alert the family to the possibilities off depression.

When providing holistic care to a client, the nurse recognizes that which behaviors are necessary?

-understand and respect each person's definition of health. -understand and respect each person's responses to illness

A community health nurse has noticed a large number of women in the community are not getting regular mammograms. This is a rural community with limited access to health care. Which action would be the most appropriate for the nurse to pursue to promote compliance in getting annual mammograms?

Arrange for a mobile mammography unit to come to the community several days a month.

An older adult patient has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because the client lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, the client has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of the client's care is characterized of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random BS reading of 575mg/dL, vomiting, and shortness of breath. THis client has experience which phenomenon?

Exacerbation

A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage liver failure. Which healthcare agency should the nurse recommend for continuity of care?

Extended care

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

Modifiable

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan?

Monitoring airway clearance

A client is admitted to the mental health center with attempted suicide. Which of the client's problems is the priority for the nurse to manage?

Risk of self-harm

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Tertiary

A 48-yr old client was just diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client has a BMI of 35 and leads a sedentary lifestyle. The nurse informs the client of risk factors for the diagnosis and the need to change diet and exercise behavior. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?

This is nothing that can be done anyway; chronic disease cannot be prevented

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Mode, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

A client has Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this care, Staphylococcus is the:

agent

A mammogram represents which level of prevention?

secondary prevention

A client enjoys eating high-calorie carbohydrate meals, but understands her blood sugar can increase sharply, ultimately causing the feeling of butterflies in her stomach as her blood sugar decreases. This is considered:

self-concept