chapter 3

Which amendment to the Constitution states that the powers the Constitution does not delegate to the national government or prohibit to the states are "reserved to the states"?

10

Which of the following is the best example of a unitary system of government?

The federal government sets detailed educational guidelines that all local governments must implement.

The constitutional idea of states' rights was strongest during which historical period?

The years immediately preceding the Civil War

One of the downsides of state control over policy is that

citizens may benefit or suffer unevenly from government action or inaction depending on where they live.

The privileges and immunities clause of Article IV is also referred to as the ________ clause.

comity

The process of transferring responsibility for policy from the national level to the state level is known as

devolution

In 1937 the Supreme Court laid the groundwork for a stronger federal government by issuing a number of decisions that

dramatically expanded the definition of the commerce clause.

Under which system of federalism have states done most of the fundamental governing?

dual federalism

To what does the term New Federalism refer?

efforts to return more policy-making discretion to the states through the use of block grants

Which term describes the division of powers and functions between the national government and lower levels of government?

federalism

Which constitutional clause requires that states normally honor the public acts and judicial decisions of other states?

full faith and credit clause

Most states have amended their constitutions to guarantee that their larger cities will have the authority to manage local affairs without interference from state government.

home rule

A state government's authority to regulate the health, safety, welfare, and morals of its citizens is frequently referred to as

the police power

Which of the following is the best example of a concurrent power under the U.S. Constitution?

the power to regulate commercial activity

When state and local governments conform to requirements imposed by the national government but do not receive funding for the expenditure required to fulfill them, they are complying with

unfunded mandates.

From the perspective of democratic participation, the multiple layers of government in a federal system

Can make it difficult for individuals to figure out which government is responsible for the problem that concerns them.

Over time, the value of categorical grants has

Increasing from 54.8 billion in 1960 to approximately 598.2 billion in 2021

In which case did the Supreme Court crate the potential for increased national power by ruling that Congress could, based on the necessary and proper clause, exercise powers "implied" by its delegated powers?

mccullouch v maryland

Which clause is the source of implied powers under the U.S. Constitution?

necessary and proper

The principle that allows the federal government to take over areas of regulation from states or local governments is called

preemption