Chapter 3

The "meat-and-potatoes" diet is common in

-Germany. -Scandinavia. -the United Kingdom.

Dietary analysis software programs and websites can be quick and easy tools for determining

-the nutrient content of foods. -the energy content of foods.

Traditional Asian foods generally feature large amounts of _____.

-vegetables. -rice or noodles.

In what year was the USDA food guide pyramid replaced with MyPlate?

2011

The EAR should meet the needs of ____ percent of healthy people in a particular life stage/gender group.

50%

To prevent disease, achieve optimal health, and reduce the risk of nutrient deficiencies, nutrition experts have established the______.

Dietary Reference Intakes

A(n) ____ is the amount of the nutrient that should meet the needs of 50% of the healthy people who are in a particular life stage/gender group.

EAR

The average daily energy intake that meets the needs of a healthy person maintaining his weight is the______.

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

What value would you look at to determine the calorie intake a person should consume each day to maintain body weight?

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

The ______ inspired the development of other food pyramids for people who don't follow the Western diet.

Food Guide Pyramid

Which of the following meals exemplifies the recommendations of the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid?

Fruits, vegetables, beans, olive oil, and wine in moderation

Plant foods in the protein foods group include _____.

Nuts, lentils, navy beans

Not included in food group

barley

Judy wants to find out the amount of a specific nutrient needed to sustain good health. She initially checks the RDA requirements and cannot locate that nutrient. Her next step is to______.

check AI standards

The Exchange System (now referred to as Choose Your Foods) was originally developed to assist people with

diabetes.

Standards for planning nutritious diets for groups of people are called

dietary reference intake

If a health claim appears on the label of a nutrient supplement, it must also include a

disclaimer from the FDA.

EER

estimation of calorie needs based on gender, age, height, weight, and physical activity level

Five major food groups

fruits, vegetables, grains, protein foods, dairy products

The Estimated Energy Requirement is based on the needs of individuals who are______.

healthy

UL

highest amount of daily nutrient intakes unlikely to cause adverse health effects

Analysis of government food consumption data reveals that the overall quality of the American diet is _____.

improving

Since the Pima Indians have adopted a more "Western" diet, obesity and type 2 diabetes is______.

more common

RDA

nutrient intake recommendation set to meet the needs of nearly all individuals of a given age and gender

AI

nutrient intake recommendation set when research is not sufficient to determine RDA

Good sources of plant proteins include

nuts, beans, peas

In the fruits group, the standard serving size is equivalent to

one full cup fruit, half cup raisins

The "Western" diet

provides large amounts of animal protein.

A ___________________is the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health.

requirement

What have African-Americans traditionally added to their greens to add flavor?

smoked pork

Which of the following best describes Dietary Reference Intakes?

umbrella term for various nutrient recommendations set by the Food and Nutrition Board

Identify the foods that are recommended in abundance by the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid.

-Vegetables -Grains -Fruits

Which of the following dietary guides were inspired by the Food Guide Pyramid?

-Asian Diet Pyramid -Mediterranean Diet Pyramids

seven standards that make up the Dietary Reference Intakes

-Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake -Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range -Recommended -Dietary Allowance -Estimated Energy Requirement -Tolerable Upper Intake Level -Estimated Average Requirements -Adequate Intake

Which two government agencies collaborate every five years to publish the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

-FDA -U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges

-Fat 20-35% of calories -Carbohydrate 45-65% of calories -Protein 10-35% of calories

The percentages of Daily Values are applied to the Nutrition Facts label in which of the following ways?

-People requiring more or less than 2000-kcal must make the necessary adjustment. -They are based on a 2000-kcal diet. -The 2000-kcal diet allows easy comparison among similar foods.

Which of the following are true facts about the percentages of Daily Values when applied to the Nutrition Facts food label?

-People requiring more or less than 2000-kcalories must make the necessary adjustment. -The 2000-kcalorie diet allows easy comparison among similar foods. -They are based on a 2000-kcalorie diet.

Basic goals of the dietary guidelines for Americans

-Shift to healthier food and beverage choices. -Follow a healthy eating pattern across the lifespan. -Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake. -Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount of food.

USDA approved organic labeling categories?

-organic -100% organic -made with organic ingredients

The basic premise of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans includes which of the following statements?

The Dietary Guidelines are designed to promote good health and reduce the risk of major nutrition-related chronic health conditions.

Empty calories

-Alcohol -regular soft drinks -cakes and cookies

Limit added sugars to less than _____ of daily calories.

10%

According to MyPlate, which of the following is equivalent to a standard serving in the protein foods group?

-1 ounce mean -1/4 cup cooked dry beans -1 eggs

general requirements that must be met before a health claim can be made for a food product include

-food must be a good source of fiber, protein, vitamin A, calcium, or iron. -claim may describe the relationship between the product and disease.

Traditional ethnic diets are often based on

-large amounts of locally grown fruits and vegetables. -small amounts of animal foods. -unrefined grains.

Uses of DRI standards

-reduce risk of nutrient deficiencies -prevent disease -achieve optimal health -ensure that one specific nutrient is not overconsumed

example of an acceptable health claim?

Calcium may reduce the risk for osteoporosis.

"Adults should limit their sodium intake to less than 2300 mg/day to reduce the risk of chronic disease" is an example of the______.

Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intakes

Which Dietary Reference Intake sets a nutrient intake level that reduces chronic disease risk within a healthy population?

Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intakes (CDRR)

The highest average amount of a nutrient that is unlikely to harm most people is called the _____.

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

Where could someone go to find good websites to evaluate food intake?

USDA sponsored website