Chapter 3

Which of the following most accurately describes the activity patterns of Americans? A) Approximately 25 percent of Americans do not engage in any leisure-time physical activity five or more times per week. B) Only 65 percent of Americans report being engaged in at least 20 minutes of vigorous leisure-time physical activity at least three times each week. C) Over 50 percent of Americans between the ages of 12 and 21 engage in no vigorous physical activity of any kind.

A) Approximately 25 percent of Americans do not engage in any leisure-time physical activity five or more times per week.

Which of these could be a characteristic of training? A) It is intended to overcome limitations in strength, endurance, or flexibility. B) It leads to permanent change. C) It requires deliberate effort and intention to modify performance. D) It involves various movements as well as quality of movements rather than quantity.

A) It is intended to overcome limitations in strength, endurance, or flexibility.

What is the key to improving our physical activity performances? A) accumulating physical activity experiences B) a unique capacity for performing physical activity that only certain people possess C) the capacity to link physical activity to complex plans and deep moral and aesthetic sentiments D) a highly developed ability to plan and implement activity experiences

A) accumulating physical activity experiences

The components of health-related fitness include all of the following EXCEPT A) agility B) muscular strength C) body composition D) flexibility

A) agility

The principle of quantity stipulates that, all other things being equal, increasing the frequency of our engagement with the critical components of an activity A) leads to increases in our capacity to perform that activity B) leads to decreases in our capacity to perform that activity C) leads to no change in the successful performance of the activity D) leads to decreases in successful performance in game settings

A) leads to increases in our capacity to perform that activity

Activity experience is defined in the text as A) our actual physical performances or observations of physical activity B) our reactions and feelings toward a particular physical activity C) our subjective experience D) our actual physical performance and feelings and reactions to physical activity

A) our actual physical performances or observations of physical activity

The principle of quality refers to A) the importance of selecting the correct type of practice B) the importance of selecting the correct amount of practice C) the importance of wearing the correct type of clothing D) the importance of being in condition to perform the activity

A) the importance of selecting the correct type of practice

The influence that parents' activity level has on a child's involvement in physical activity is an example of A) their social environment B) individual circumstances C) personal attributes D) performance capacity

A) their social environment

In general, what happens to the amount of physical activity engaged in as one ages? A) With age, physical activity amounts increase because of more available leisure time. B) With age, physical activity participation decreases. C) There is no significant change in physical activity levels across ages once a person reaches adulthood. D) None of these accurately reflects the prevalence of physical activity across ages.

B) With age, physical activity participation decreases.

Physical training results in __________ that improves __________. A) conditioning; skill level B) conditioning; health C) genetic adaptation; abilities D) fitness; quickness

B) conditioning; health

Which of the following would be considered a closed rather than an open skill? A) shooting a three-pointer during a game B) hitting a baseball off a tee C) playing defense in hockey D) dancing with a partner

B) hitting a baseball off a tee

Two broad areas influence one's physical activity experiences. Which of the following is NOT an influence? A) individual circumstances B) knowledge about the benefits of physical activity C) personal attributes D) social environment

B) knowledge about the benefits of physical activity

Choose the statement that best describes open skills. A) They require the same movement in every performance. B) The anticipation of external events is not necessary. C) The movements used to perform the skill vary depending on the environmental factors. D) It involves a coordinated sequence of movement.

C) The movements used to perform the skill vary depending on the environmental factors.

Humans differ from animals because humans A) can run faster and longer B) can match their movements to external plans C) can match their movements to much more complex internal plans D) are inferior performers of physical activity

C) can match their movements to much more complex internal plans

A generalist is one who A) has mastered a few physical activities to a high degree B) has mastered many physical activities to a high degree C) has acquired low to moderate proficiency in a relatively large number of physical activities D) lacks skill in any physical activity

C) has acquired low to moderate proficiency in a relatively large number of physical activities

Which of the following is a characteristic of training? A) relatively permanent changes B) reorganization of the nervous system C) improvement in fitness D) improvement in abilities

C) improvement in fitness

Practicing a skill is most likely to bring about which of the following? A) conditioning B) endurance C) learning D) training

C) learning

What do the terms emotions, cognition, dispositions, knowledge, and meanings reflect? A) who we are physically B) who we are emotionally C) our subjective physical activity experiences D) depth of understanding and feelings about physical activity

C) our subjective physical activity experiences

The type of experience necessary to produce changes in a skill is called _______ and the relatively permanent changes are called ___________. An example would be shooting soccer penalty kicks for an hour each day and then, during game time, never missing a penalty shot. A) training; conditioning B) performance capacity; practice C) practice; learning D) practice; conditioning

C) practice; learning

Which of the following correctly describes an underachiever? A) an individual who has little ability but maximizes potential through practice and training B) an individual who has little ability but fails to practice or train C) an individual who has much ability and maximizes potential through practice and training D) an individual who has much ability but fails to practice or train

D) an individual who has much ability but fails to practice or train

Experiences that engage us in the critical components of an activity and that are most likely to improve our capacity to perform that activity reflect what type of experience? A) task analysis of the skill performed B) critical component C) principle of quantity D) principle of quality

D) principle of quality

Abilities represent our skill level for performing a physical activity as a result of learning that occurs with practice. T/F

False

Participating in high school and college sports is likely to cause people to be physically active as adults. T/F

False

Personal attributes that influence physical activity experiences include things such as how much money a person has and where that person lives. T/F

False

Open skills are those that require performers to coordinate their movements to a changing environment during the execution of the task. T/F

True

Our individual reactions to the events and feelings associated with physical activity are part of our subjective experiences. T/F

True

Our physical activity preferences reflect something unique about us as individuals. T/F

True