Chapter 3 Practice Questions

35) How many calories are there in a 255 Calorie snack bar? A) 2.55 × 10^5 B) 1.07 × 10^3 C) 60.9 D) 1 × 10^3 E) none of the above

A) 2.55 × 10^5

41) In order, what is the freezing point, room temperature and boiling point of water according to the Fahrenheit scale? A) 32-75-212 B) 0-75-100 C) 0-25-100 D) 0-298-373 E) none of the above

A) 32-75-212

29) When methane is burned with oxygen, the products are carbon dioxide and water. If you produce 9 grams of water and 11 grams of carbon dioxide from 16 grams of oxygen, how many grams of methane were needed for the reaction? A) 4 B) 20 C) 31 D) 40 E) none of the above

A) 4

47) What is the value of 335 K on the Celsius temperature scale? A) 62 B) 167 C) 608 D) 66.4 E) none of the above

A) 62

49) In calculating the relationship between the amount of heat added to a substance and the corresponding temperature change, the specific heat capacity is usually represented by which symbol? A) C B) q C) ΔT D) m E) none of the above

A) C

26) Which statement below best describes the process of the paint on a vehicle fading over time? A) Chemical change because the paint molecules are changing composition. B) Physical change because the paint molecules are still paint molecules. C) Chemical change because the paint molecules are changing phases. D) Physical change because the paint molecules have risen to the surface of the clear coat finish. E) none of the above

A) Chemical change because the paint molecules are changing composition.

4) Which state of matter has atomic spacing that is close together and indefinite shape? A) liquid B) solid C) gas D) plasma E) none of the above

A) liquid

18) How would you classify sugar? A) pure substance-compound B) mixture-heterogeneous C) pure substance-element D) mixture-homogeneous E) none of the above

A) pure substance-compound

27) When methane is burned with oxygen the products are carbon dioxide and water. If you produce 36 grams of water and 44 grams of carbon dioxide from 16 grams of methane, how many grams of oxygen were needed for the reaction? A) 32 B) 80 C) 96 D) 64 E) none of the above

D) 64

55) When 49.5 J of heat was transferred to 7.3 g iron at 22°C, the temperature of iron increases to 37°C. What is the specific heat of iron in J/g∙°C? A) 4.5 B) 0.45 C) 2.2 D) 24 E) none of the above

B) 0.45

56) Suppose it took 108 joules of energy to raise a bar of gold from 25.0°C to 29.7°C. Given that the specific heat capacity of gold is 0.128 J/g∙°C, what is the mass (in grams) of the bar of gold? A) 6.5 × 10^1 g B) 1.8 × 10^2 g C) 1.28 × 10^2 g D) 1.08 × 10^2 g E) none of the above

B) 1.8 × 10^2 g

28) When methane is burned with oxygen, the products are carbon dioxide and water. If you produce 18 grams of water from 8 grams of methane and 32 grams of oxygen, how many grams of carbon dioxide were produced in the reaction? A) 40 B) 22 C) 58 D) 18 E) none of the above

B) 22

46) What is the value of 98 °F in units of °C? A) 72 B) 37 C) 371 D) 22 E) none of the above

B) 37

50) A 15.0 gram lead ball at 25.0°C was heated with 40.5 joules of heat. Given the specific heat of lead is 0.128 J/g∙°C, what is the final temperature of the lead? A) 21.1°C B) 46.1°C C) 77.8°C D) 0.844°C E) none of the above

B) 46.1°C

9) A pure substance is: A) composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules combined in variable proportions. B) composed of only one type of atom or molecule. C) composed of two or more regions with different compositions. D) composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules that has constant composition. E) none of the above

B) composed of only one type of atom or molecule.

39) An energy diagram that shows the reactants having greater energy than the products illustrates an A) endothermic reaction. B) exothermic reaction. C) isothermic reaction. D) impossible reaction. E) none of the above

B) exothermic reaction.

48) Melting point can be defined as the temperature when a solid becomes a liquid. The melting point of the chemical acetone is -95°C. Which state of matter would you expect to exist for acetone at a temperature of -94°C? A) solid B) liquid C) gas D) plasma

B) liquid

17) How would you classify raisin bran? A) pure substance-compound B) mixture-heterogeneous C) pure substance-element D) mixture-homogeneous E) none of the above

B) mixture-heterogeneous

25) If you hold a solid piece of pure gallium metal in your hand, your body heat will melt the gallium into its liquid form. This illustrates which of the following? A) distillation B) physical change C) chemical change D) chemical property E) none of the above

B) physical change

6) Which state of matter has atomic spacing that is close together and definite shape? A) liquid B) solid C) gas D) plasma E) none of the above

B) solid

13) Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture? A) trail mix B) stainless steel C) water D) molten iron E) none of the above

B) stainless steel

22) Which of the following items is a physical property? A) the corrosive action of acid rain on granite B) the odor of spearmint gum C) the combustion of gasoline D) the tarnishing of a copper statue E) none of the above

B) the odor of spearmint gum

34) Which of the following items is NOT a common unit of energy? A) joule B) torr C) calorie D) kilowatt-hour E) none of the above

B) torr

42) In order, what is the freezing point, room temperature and boiling point of water according to the Celsius scale? A) 32-75-212 B) 0-75-100 C) 0-25-100 D) 0-298-373 E) none of the above

C) 0-25-100

51) What is the specific heat (J/g∙°C) of a metal object whose temperature increases by 3.0°C when 17.5 g of metal was heated with 38.5 J? A) 4.18 B) 0.15 C) 0.73 D) 1.4 E) none of the above

C) 0.73

43) The boiling point of water is (1) 212 °F (2) 0°C (3) 373 K A) 1 and 2 only B) 2 and 3 only C) 1 and 3 only D) all of 1, 2, and 3 E) none of 1, 2, and 3

C) 1 and 3 only

36) How many joules are there in a 255 calorie snack bar? A) 2.55 × 10^5 B) 1.07 × 10^6 C) 1.07 × 10^3 D) 6.09 × 10^4 E) none of the above

C) 1.07 × 10^3

44) What is the value of 27°C on the Kelvin temperature scale? A) 273 B) 246 C) 300 D) 81 E) none of the above

C) 300

37) How many kilojoules are there in 95.0 Calories? A) 2.27 × 10^7 B) 3.97 × 10^-4 C) 397 D) 22.7 E) none of the above

C) 397

45) What is the value of 27°C on the Fahrenheit temperature scale? A) -6.8 B) 106 C) 300 D) 81 E) none of the above

D) 81

14) Which of the following statements about compounds is TRUE? A) A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. B) A pure substance that has variable composition throughout. C) A substance composed of two or more elements in fixed, definite proportions. D) A substance that is not as common as pure elements. E) none of the above

C) A substance composed of two or more elements in fixed, definite proportions.

30) Which of the following statements about energy is FALSE? A) An object possessing energy can do work on another object. B) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. C) Energy is the single main component of the universe. D) Energy is the capacity to do work. E) All of the above statements are true.

C) Energy is the single main component of the universe.

11) Which of the following items is a mixture? A) water B) helium C) brass D) sugar E) none of the above

C) brass

3) A solid form of matter in which there is long range repeating order is called ________. A) amorphous B) rigid C) crystalline D) fixed E) none of the above

C) crystalline

38) If a particular process is endothermic, the reverse process must be a (an) A) chemical change. B) isothermal process. C) exothermic process. D) endothermic process. E) none of the above

C) exothermic process.

21) All of the following can be considered physical properties EXCEPT A) taste. B) color. C) flammability. D) density. E) boiling point.

C) flammability.

5) Which state of matter has indefinite shape and is compressible? A) liquid B) solid C) gas D) plasma E) none of the above

C) gas

54) Consider the following specific heats of metals. Metal Specific Heat (J/g∙°C) Aluminum 0.903 Copper 0.385 Gold 0.128 Iron 0.449 Silver 0.235 If the same amount of heat is added to 50.0 g samples of each of the metals, which are all at the same temperature, which metal will reach the highest temperature? A) aluminum B) copper C) gold D) iron E) silver

C) gold

32) Which type of energy is associated with position? A) chemical B) electrical C) potential D) kinetic E) none of the above

C) potential

12) Which of the following is a heterogenous mixture? A) milk B) sugar water C) raisin bran D) air E) none of the above

C) raisin bran

20) Physical properties are: A) those that a substance displays only through changing its composition. B) those that cause atoms and molecules to change. C) those that a substance displays without changing its composition. D) identical for all solid matter. E) none of the above

C) those that a substance displays without changing its composition.

52) How much heat (kJ) is needed to raise the temperature of 100.0 grams of water from 25.0°C to 50.0°C? A) 10450 B) 0.598 C) 1.05 D) 10.5 E) none of the above

D) 10.5

1) Which of the following statements about matter is FALSE? A) Matter occupies space and has mass. B) Matter exists in either a solid, liquid or gas state. C) Matter is ultimately composed of atoms. D) Matter is smooth and continuous. E) none of the above

D) Matter is smooth and continuous.

40) If a solid piece of shiny sodium metal is exposed to chlorine gas, a large amount of heat is released and the white solid sodium chloride (table salt) forms. Based on this information, which of the following statements is TRUE? A) This process represents a physical change. B) Mass is lost during this process. C) Sodium chloride is an element. D) This process was exothermic. E) none of the above

D) This process was exothermic.

33) What type of energy is associated with the burning of gasoline? A) kinetic B) potential C) electrical D) chemical E) none of the above

D) chemical

2) Which of the following is NOT an example of matter? A) a pencil eraser B) a balloon full of helium C) a dust particle D) heat from a burning candle E) none of the above

D) heat from a burning candle

19) A solution is an example of a (an) A) pure substance. B) element. C) compound. D) homogeneous mixture. E) heterogeneous mixture.

D) homogeneous mixture.

10) Which of the following items is a pure substance? A) air B) seawater C) brass D) ice E) none of the above

D) ice

31) Which type of energy is associated with motion? A) chemical B) electrical C) potential D) kinetic E) none of the above

D) kinetic

16) How would you classify salt water? A) pure substance-compound B) mixture-heterogeneous C) pure substance-element D) mixture-homogeneous E) none of the above

D) mixture-homogeneous

23) Which of the following items is a chemical property? A) the paint color on a new red Corvette B) the odor of spearmint gum C) the melting and boiling point of water D) the tarnishing of a copper statue E) none of the above

D) the tarnishing of a copper statue

53) From the following list of substances and heat capacities, choose the one that will have the lowest temperature after absorbing 100.0 kJ of heat. Assume identical masses of each substance start at the same initial temperature. A) lead-0.128 J/g∙°C B) copper-0.385 J/g∙°C C) ethanol-2.42 J/g∙°C D) water-4.18 J/g∙°C E) not enough information

D) water-4.18 J/g∙°C

15) Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) Matter may be a pure substance or it may be a mixture. B) A pure substance may either be an element or a compound. C) A mixture may be either homogeneous or heterogeneous. D) Mixtures may be composed of two or more elements, two or more compounds, or a combination of both. E) All of the above statements are true.

E) All of the above statements are true.

24) Which of the following statements about physical and chemical changes is FALSE? A) In a chemical change, matter changes its composition. B) In a physical change, matter does not change its composition. C) Phase changes are always physical changes. D) Chemical reactions are chemical changes. E) All of the above statements are true.

E) All of the above statements are true.

7) Which among the following statements is false? A) A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. B) A liquid has a definite volume; but it has no definite shape. C) A gas has neither definite volume nor definite shape. D) Both solids and liquids are incompressible while gases are compressible. E) none of the above

E) none of the above

8) Which state of matter has atomic spacing that is far apart and definite shape? A) liquid B) solid C) gas D) plasma E) none of the above

E) none of the above

A chemical change occurs when matter does not change its composition.

false

A chemical change that will lower the potential energy of the chemical results in an endothermic reaction.

false

A compound is a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance.

false

A melting scoop of ice cream is an example of an exothermic process.

false

Absolute zero is equivalent to a temperature of -273 K.

false

Air is a pure substance.

false

An amorphous solid has long range, repeating order.

false

Chemical properties of a substance are those that can be observed without changing the composition of a substance.

false

In a chemical reaction, the substances present after the chemical change are called reactants.

false

Liquid and gas molecules can be compressed while in a solid, the molecules are incompressible.

false

Matter can be destroyed in a combustion reaction (such as burning fuel).

false

Matter is defined as anything that is visible to the human eye.

false

Skim milk is a heterogeneous mixture.

false

Solids have indefinite shape and volume.

false

Temperature is defined as the transfer of thermal energy caused by a temperature difference.

false

The corrosion of iron is a physical change.

false

The energy of position is called kinetic energy.

false

The heat capacity of a substance is the quantity of thermal heat required to change the temperature of a given amount of the substance by 100°C.

false

The large heat capacity of water produces large fluctuations in temperature near bodies of water during the summer months.

false

The odor of gasoline is a chemical property.

false

Water is a mixture.

false

When you dissolve solid sugar into water, this new solution will taste sweet. The sugar went through a chemical change.

false

A kelvin degree is the same size as a Celsius degree.

true

A moving bowling ball has kinetic energy.

true

An energy diagram that shows the products having higher energy than the reactants illustrates an endothermic reaction.

true

An example of a chemical change is burning a wood log to give a pile of ashes.

true

Electrical energy is associated with the flow of electrical charge.

true

Flammability of gasoline is a chemical property.

true

Gases are the only form of matter that is compressible.

true

In a solid substance, the atoms or molecules oscillate and vibrate about a fixed point.

true

In physical changes, the atoms or molecules that compose the matter do not change their identity, even though the matter may change its appearance.

true

Like mass, energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

true

Liquids have definite volume and indefinite shape.

true

Mixtures of miscible liquids that differ in their boiling points may be separated by distillation.

true

Saltwater is a homogeneous mixture.

true

Sugar is a pure substance.

true

Temperature is simply a measure of the motion of atoms and molecules.

true

Temperatures reported in the Kelvin scale cannot be negative.

true

The amount of heat energy needed to increase the temperature of an object will vary depending on the heat capacity of the object.

true

The coldest temperature possible is 0 K.

true

The melting of ice is a physical change.

true

The process of boiling water is an endothermic process.

true

The temperature of 0°F is colder than the temperature of 0°C.

true

When a chemical "cold pack" is activated, the chemical reactants absorb heat from the surroundings.

true