Chapter 3 PrepU
An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation?
Chronic illness
Which of the following theorists supports the developmental framework of family assessment?
Duvall
The nurse enters the client's room in the acute care unit immediately after he experiences a generalized tonic-clonic type seizure in bed. What is the first action the nurse should take?
Position the client in a side-lying position.
The nursing instructor identifies the need for further instruction in regards to health and illness when a student makes which statement?
Self-concept does not influences a person's health."
The nurse is admitting a 38-year-old male client to the oncology unit whose religious background is different from her own. The nurse is assessing how the client's religion may affect his health care needs. Which question by the nurse is the best way to consider the client's religious practices in the plan of care?
What can we do to help you meet any religious needs you may have?"
A group of student nurses are designing a public health campaign using the HPM. Which of the following principles should inform the student's efforts?
Health and wellness are influenced by a wide variety of factors.
A teenage patient from a rural area has been diagnosed with appendicitis and has been airlifted to a hospital in the nearest urban centre for an appendectomy. What action by the nurse best exemplifies the principles of family-centered care (FCC)?
Helping to facilitate the patient's parents coming to stay with the patient
The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?
It focuses on what people believe to be true about their health.
An 83-year-old client has had a stroke and has right hemiparesis. He has an inability to garden and is being cared for by his family. The family states he seems depressed and has no current interests. Based on the family's information, it would be appropriate for the family to allow the client to assist in planning an herb garden in the home. This is an example of
Output
The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which of the following dimensions is the nurse referring to?
Physical dimension
When practicing Therapeutic Touch (TT), the practitioner begins by performing which intervention?
bringing the practitioner's attention to an inward, peaceful consciousness
An woman 80 years of age has had a cerebrovascular accident. She has flaccidity of her right side with aphasia. For this client, which of the following activities constitutes tertiary prevention?
gait training and speech therapy
The body's attempt to restore balance through self-regulatory mechanisms is termed:
homeostasis.
The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with nutritional deficits. Which is the priority intervention for this client?
teaching about intake of food and vitamins
A nurse is working at a community clinic that serves mostly families with young children. What would be a priority intervention for patients in this developmental stage?
Setting up parenting classes
Research has shown that the incidence of chronic conditions is increasing. Which lifestyle factor is associated with chronic diseases?
Smoking
The nurse is assessing the communication style of the client. Communication is an example of which dimension of the individual?
Sociocultural dimension
A nurse is caring for a patient who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The patient is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a patient with a chronic illness?
Symptoms are not experienced
The nurse is conducting a family assessment of a traditional family. Which assessment data cue describes the socioeconomic status of the family?
The father is an engineer and the mother is an elementary school teacher.
The home health nurse is making an initial assessment visit to a family that consists of two parents and twin 3-year-old boys. During the interview, the nurse is most concerned if the client makes which statement?
The father states, "I don't discuss money matters with my wife because I don't want her to worry."
The nurse is implementing care for several clients. Which of the following clients is the nurse helping to reach the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs?
The nurse provides privacy for the client and family during times of prayer.
The nursing instructor is discussing holistic health care with her nursing students. The instructor talks about the different factors the nurse must consider when creating a holistic plan of care. What are these factors? (Mark all that apply.)
The patient's developmental life stage The patient's emotional context The patient's physiologic health condition
A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?
coronary artery disease
Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?
assisting with speech therapy for a client with a traumatic brain injury
To be an effective change agent for wellness, the nurse must:
consume a diet low in fat.
A young couple who have been married less than a year are having difficulty with adjusting to parenting. What is a contributing factor to this level of maladjustment?
Limited time in learning to be a marital partner
The nurse is counseling a newly pregnant woman who is concerned about developing infections during her pregnancy. The pregnant woman states, "I'm so afraid something will happen to my baby. My friend developed an infection while she was pregnant and the baby died." Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"Early prenatal care like you are receiving is very beneficial in reducing chances of infection."
According to Archer, what are the three general types of communities?
Emotional, structural, and functional
A client has been exposed to bacterial pneumonia. The client has been eating poorly, with limited intake of nutrients. This factor would predispose a client to the development of pneumonia. Poor nutritional intake is classified as the
Environment
Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor?
Environmental risk factor
Which of the following is not a factor in the agent-host-environment model of health and illness, as developed by Leavell and Clark (1965)?
Evil spirit
A client with Crohn's disease in remission is admitted to the nursing unit for follow-up care. The remission state is characterized by:
disappearance of signs and symptoms associated with the disease.
A nursing student is performing a health risk assessment of an adult patient who admits to living a sedentary lifestyle. The patient states, "If I'm honest, I'd have to say that I just can't be bothered to exercise." What psychological health risk would the student be most justified in identifying?
An underestimation of the risks associated with inactivity
A nursing student is performing an assessment of a patient on a hospital unit. What component of the patient assessment will allow the student to document data relating to a subjective way of knowing?
Asking the patient to describe the character of her abdominal pain
A client makes a decision to quit smoking and joins a smoking cessation class. This is an example of which of Dunn's processes that helps a person know who and what he is?
Befitting
Why is health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?
Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.
A nurse is evaluating a child for new onset of bedwetting. Which nursing action is the priority?
Collect a urine sample for the prescribed urinalysis (UA).
The charge nurse is assigning client care for the upcoming shift. Which is the priority evaluation when performing this task?
Determine the level and intensity of client care needed according to physical and psychosocial factors.
The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure. While opening an instrument, the outer wrapper of the sterilized instrument touchs the extreme edge of the field. Which of the following should the nurse do next.
Discard the sterile field and prepare a new one
The nurse has developed a strong therapeutic partnership with a 44-year-old electrician who suffered severe burns while working on an industrial site. Which of the nurse's following actions most directly addresses the patient's self-actualization needs?
Discussing the patient's strengths and dialoguing with him about his body image
The definition of chronic conditions can be complex. Which factors would a nurse expect to be included in the definition of chronic conditions? (Select all that apply.)
Diseases that have a prolonged course Diseases where complete cures are rare Diseases that do not resolve spontaneously
The nursing student who has diarrhea before every test and every clinical understands that this is not a healthy behavior. The student is aware that this negative effect can impact overall health. The nurse recognizes that this student needs to focus on which of the following dimensions of health?
Emotional dimension
A nursing instructor is working with a class of first semester nursing students. The instructor explains the interrelatedness of health and wellness. What would be the best definition the nursing instructor could give of health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
A nursing student is using the McGill Model of Nursing (MMN) in the care of a family. The student should set what goal during initial interactions with the family?
Identify the family's strengths.
The nurse is applying the Health Promotion Model (HPM) in a community and is conducting a workshop with a group of residents. When attempting to foster positive motivation, the nurse should make what statement?
Individuals who exercise regularly report greater happiness and an enhanced sense of well-being
The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. What level(s) of health promotion is this an example of?
Primary
Which intervention performed by the nurse is most appropriate for assisting a client in meeting safety and security needs based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Providing the mother the phone number for the Poison Control Center
The nurse is holding a cholesterol screening at a local pharmacy this Saturday morning. What level(s) of health promotion is this screening an example of?
Secondary
A patient has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism. The patient states that he finds it nearly impossible to quit drinking because of the deep entrenchment of alcohol use in his circle of friends and line of work. As well, he claims that he thought limiting himself to beer and foregoing hard alcohol would prevent health problems. This patient is exhibiting health consequences rooted in which of the following human dimensions?
Sociocultural and intellectual
Nurses understand the importance of health promotion and illness prevention. They also know that it is just as important for them to care for their own health needs. Which of the following are reasons that nurses need to care for their health needs? Select all that apply.
To enable them to practice more efficiently To help them serve as role models for clients So that they are able to give effective nursing care to others To help clients acquire new behaviors by modeling those same behaviors
What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?
To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.
When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:
help them maintain independence.