Chapter 3.4 bio

Hypotonic

This type of solution is one in which there are less dissolved particles outside the cell than inside the cell. Water will flow into the cell in order to maintain homeostasis.

Exocytosis

the release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane

Describe carrier proteins. What do they look like? How do they help move materials across the membrane?

Carrier proteins change their shape to help move materials.

Describe channel proteins. What do they look like? How do they help move materials across the membrane?

Channel proteins have an opening or gate which molecules can passively move by facilitated diffusion

Active transport

Drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of lower concentration, it requires energy.

How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?

Facilitated diffusion crosses a membrane with the aid of passive transport proteins in the membrane.

The word "facilitate" means " to make easier". How does this meaning apply to facilitated diffusion?

It applies by facilitated diffusion makes the molecules move easier and faster.

Facilitated diffusion is a type of _____________ transport because it does not require energy.

Passive

Concentration Gradient

The difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Facilitated Diffusion

The diffusion of large particles through a membrane with the help of protein channels from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water through a membrane from higher water concentration to a lower water concentration.

Active Transport

The movement of particles across a membrane from a lower concentration to a higher concentration, which requires energy.

Diffusion

The movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Hypertonic

This type of solution is one in which there are more dissolved particles outside the cell than inside the cell. Water will flow out of the cell in order to maintain homeostasis.

Phagocytosis

a type of endocytosis in which the cell membrace engulfs large particles

Endocytosis

the process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a membrane.

in facilitated diffusion, do molecules move down a concentration gradient, or against a concentration gradient?

they move against a concentration gradient

Isotonic

this type of solution is one in which there are an equal number of dissolved particles inside and outside the cell. Water will flow equally in both directions in the above illustration in order to maintain homeostasis.