Chapter 35 PrepU (CC3- Immunity 1)

A client is informed that his white blood cell count is low and that he is at risk for the development of infections. The client asks, "Where do I make new white blood cells?" What is the best response by the nurse? a. "White blood cells are produced in the bone marrow." b. "White blood cells are produced in the plasma." c. "White blood cells are produced in the lymphatic tissue." d. "White blood cells are produced in the thymus gland."

a. "White blood cells are produced in the bone marrow."

Which assessment should be completed if immune dysfunction is suspected in the neurosensory system? a. Ataxia b. Urinary frequency c. Burning upon urination d. Hematuria

a. Ataxia

A client will be receiving a hepatitis B vaccination series prior to employment in a dialysis center. What type of immunity will this provide? a. Forced immunity b. Artificially acquired active immunity c. Passive immunity d. Naturally acquired active immunity

b. Artificially acquired active immunity

A patient has enlarged lymph nodes in his neck and a sore throat. This inflammatory response is an example of a cellular immune response whereby: a. Antibodies reside in the plasma b. Lymphocytes migrate to areas of the lymph node c. B-lymphocytes respond to a specific antigen d. Antibodies are released into the bloodstream

b. Lymphocytes migrate to areas of the lymph node

A patient is admitted with an infected leg, and the nurse notes an increase in his white blood cell (WBC) count. The nurse is aware that, during the immune response, pathogens are engulfed by WBCs that ingest foreign particles. What is this process known as? a. Antibody response b. Phagocytosis c. Cellular immune response d. Apoptosis

b. Phagocytosis

A client has had a splenectomy after sustaining serious internal injuries in a motorcycle accident, including a ruptured spleen. Following removal of the spleen, the client will be susceptible to: a. bleeding because the spleen synthesizes vitamin K. b. anemia because the spleen produces red blood cells. c. infection because the spleen removes bacteria from the blood. d. acidosis because the spleen maintains acid-base balance.

c. Infection because the spleen removes bacteria from the blood

Which is an action of cytotoxic T cells? a. Decrease B-cell activity to a level at which the immune system is compatible with life b. Produce circulating antibodies c. Lyse cells infected with virus d. Directly attack foreign antigens

c. Lyse cells infected with virus

Which condition is associated with impaired immunity relating to the aging client? a. Skin becomes thicker b. Incidence of autoimmune disease decreases c. Renal function decreases d. Antibody production increases

c. Renal function decreases

A nurse is taking the health history of a newly admitted client. Which of the following conditions would NOT place the client at risk for impaired immune function? a. Previous organ transplantation b. History of radiation therapy c. Surgical removal of the appendix d. Surgical history of a splenectomy

c. Surgical removal of the appendix

Which type of immunity becomes active as a result of infection by a specific microorganism? a. Artificially acquired active immunity b. Naturally acquired passive immunity c. Artificially acquired passive immunity d. Naturally acquired active immunity

d. Naturally acquired active immunity

A client comes into the emergency department reporting difficulty walking and loss of muscle control in the arms. Once the nurse begins the physical examination, which assessment should be completed if an immune dysfunction in the neurosensory system is suspected? a. Assess for ataxia using the finger-to-nose test and heel-to-shin test b. Assess for hepatosplenomegaly by measuring abdominal girth c. Review the urinalysis report for hematuria d. Assess joint mobility using passive range of motion.

a. Assess for ataxia using the finger-to-nose test and heel-to-shin test

A client undergoing a skin test has been intradermally injected with a disease-specific antigen on the inner forearm. The client becomes anxious because the area begins to swell. Which technique may be used to decrease anxiety in this client? a. Assure the client that this is a normal reaction b. Apply ice packs to reduce the swelling c. Gently rub the swollen area to accelerate blood flow d. Advise the client to use prescribed analgesics

a. Assure the client that this is a normal reaction

A client has a known allergy to peanuts, meaning that the client's immune system has identified peanuts as a foreign invader and has produced specific cells to attack if the client should come in contact with peanuts again. The formation of these specific cells is known as: a. humoral response. b. cell-mediated response. c. memory response. d. inflammatory response.

a. Humoral response

An older adult has developed a sacral pressure ulcer. What should the nurse assess in order to ensure adequate wound healing and prevent poor outcomes for this client? Select all that apply. a. Nutritional status b. The client's ability to perform his or her own wound care c. Quality of food ingested d. The amount of carbohydrates the client ingests e. Caloric intake

a. Nutritional status c. Quality of food ingested e. Caloric intake

A client is treated in the clinic for a sexually transmitted infection, and the nurse suspects that the client is at risk for HIV. The physician determines that the client should be tested for the virus. What responsibility does the nurse have? a. The nurse will inform the client that the results will have to be reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). b. The nurse will call the client with the results of the test. c. The nurse should send the client to have the blood drawn without informing him about the specific screening test. d. The nurse ensures a written consent is obtained prior to testing.

d. The nurse ensures a written consent is obtained prior to testing.

You are caring for a client on tube feedings. The physician has ordered Osmolite HN as the feeding formula for the client. The family asks why the physician has ordered Osmolite HN instead of another formula to feed their family member. What is an important reason that tube-feeding formulas, such as Impact, Osmolite HN, or Peractive, be recommended to clients? a. To suppress immune system function b. To stimulate the immune system to attack tumor cells c. To block tumor necrosis factor d. To enhance the production of lymphocytes and NK cells

d. To enhance the production of lymphocytes and NK cells

A client arrives at the clinic and reports a very sore throat as well as a fever. A rapid strep test returns a positive result and the client is given a prescription for an antibiotic. How did the streptococcal organism gain access to the client to cause this infection? a. Through the skin b. From being outside in the cold weather and decreasing resistance c. Through the mucous membranes of the throat d. Breathing in airborne dust

c. Through the mucous membranes of the throat

A nurse is explaining treatment options to a client diagnosed with an immune dysfunction. Which statement by the client accurately reflects the teaching about current stem cell research? a. "Stem cell transplantation has been carried out in humans with certain types of immune dysfunction, and clinical trials using stem cells are underway in clients with a variety of disorders with an autoimmune component." b. "Stem cell clinical trials have only been attempted in clients with acquired immune deficiencies, but plans are underway to begin human cloning using embryonic stem cells." c. "Currently, stem cell transplantation has only been performed in the laboratory, but future research with embryonic stem cell transplants for humans with immune dysfunction has been promising." d. "Stem cell transplantation has been discontinued based on concerns about safety, efficacy, resource allocation, and human cloning."

a. "Stem cell transplantation has been carried out in humans with certain types of immune dysfunction, and clinical trials using stem cells are underway in clients with a variety of disorders with an autoimmune component."

The anatomy and physiology instructor is explaining a cell-mediated response to the pre-nursing students. What actions would the instructor explain occur in a cell-mediated response? a. The invading antigens precipitate. b. T-cell lymphocytes survey proteins in the body and attack the invading antigens. c. The invading antigens link together (agglutination). d. Toxins of invading antigens are neutralized.

b. T-cell lymphocytes survey proteins in the body and attack the invading antigens

The nurse is caring for a client recovering from a major burn. Burns affect the immune system by causing a loss of large amounts of which of the following? a. Plasma, which depletes the body's store of calcitonin b. Plasma, which depletes the body's store of catecholamines c. Serum, which depletes the body's store of glucagon d. Serum, which depletes the body's store of immunoglobulins

d. Serum, which depletes the body's store of immunoglobulins