chapter 37

_____________ is defined as the ability to reach the patient.

Access

Which of the following statements regarding trench rescue is correct?

Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse.

Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct?

The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle.

If a technical rescue team is required at the scene, but is not present when you arrive, you should:

check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route.

A 19-year-old female has just been extricated from her severely damaged car. She is on a long backboard and has been moved to a place of safety. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a rapid assessment. The patient is unconscious, has slow and shallow respirations, and has bilaterally closed femur deformities. You should:

direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance.

Which of the following is the BEST example of gaining simple access to a patient?

entering a vehicle through an open window

You are standing by at the scene of a hostage situation when the incident commander advises you that one of his personnel has been shot. The patient is lying supine in an open area and is not moving. As the SWAT team escorts you to the patient, you should:

grab him by the clothes and immediately move him to safety.

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you can see three patients, one who is entrapped in his car and two who have been ejected from their vehicle. You should:

immediately request additional resources.

A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should:

immobilize him with a vest-style device.

A hiker was injured when he fell approximately 20′ from a cliff. When you arrive at the scene, a member of the technical rescue group escorts you to the patient, who is positioned on a steep incline. The MOST appropriate method of immobilizing and moving the patient to the ambulance is to:

immobilize his spine with a long backboard and place him in a basket stretcher.

In contrast to simple access, complex access:

involves forcible entry into a vehicle.

The scene size-up at a motor vehicle crash or other incident:

is an ongoing process until the incident is terminated.

A 50-year-old female is entrapped in her passenger car after it struck a tree. As the rescue team is preparing to extricate her, you quickly assess her and determine that she is breathing shallowly and that her radial pulse is absent. You should:

maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated.

In order to evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should:

perform a 360° walk-around of the scene.

Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should:

perform a primary assessment.

Which of the following is a typical function of the rescue team?

providing safe entry and access to patients

You and your partner are standing by at the scene of a residential fire when you hear the incident commander state "We have located a victim" over the radio. You should:

remain with the ambulance and wait for fire personnel to bring the victim to you.

Extrication is MOST accurately defined as:

removal from a dangerous situation or position.

Disentanglement involves:

removing a patient from a dangerous position.

Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then:

report to the incident commander for instructions.

The EMT's role at the scene of a search and rescue attempt is to:

stand by at the command post until the person is located.

As you and your team are removing an unconscious patient from her wrecked car, you note that she has closed deformities to both of her legs and a deformity to her left humerus. You should:

support the injured extremities and continue removal.

Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is:

surveying the area for hazards.

Situational awareness is MOST accurately defined as:

the ability to recognize any possible issues once you arrive at the scene and act proactively to avoid a negative impact.

A unique consideration when dealing with a hybrid vehicle is that:

the battery has higher amperes than a traditional vehicle battery.

Which of the following situations would require the use of a specialized rescue team?

a patient trapped in a cave or a confined space

When functioning at the scene of a motor vehicle crash in which a patient will require complex extrication, you should enter the vehicle and provide care to the patient:

after receiving approval from the extrication officer.

Your unit has been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a structure fire. There are no injuries of which you are aware. Upon arriving at the scene, you should:

ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.

You are attempting to gain access to a patient who was injured when his truck struck another vehicle from behind. The patient is conscious and alert, but is screaming in pain. You try to open the door, but it is locked. You should:

ask the patient if he can unlock the door.

Common duties and responsibilities of EMS personnel at the scene of a motor vehicle crash include all of the following, EXCEPT:

keeping bystanders at a safe distance.

The reasons for rescue failure can be referred to by the mnemonic FAILURE. According to this mnemonic, the "U" stands for:

underestimating the logistics of the incident.

Trench collapses usually involve large areas of falling dirt that weigh approximately _______ per cubic foot.

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