Chapter 4 - 5 Honors Bio

Cell Theory

All cells are made up of cells and come from existing cells they are the structure and function of living things. SMALL!!

Transport Protein

Allows solute molecules to enter the cell

Surface area _____ keep up with the volume

Cannot

Stabilization of the phospholipids

Cholesterol helps to stabilize the structure of the plasma membrane.

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as consisting of

Diverse proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

Exhibit a net movement to the side with lower free water concentration.

Cell Membrane

Fluid Mosaic Modle - Constant bending + Flowing - Imbedded with proteins - Phospholilod Bioayer - Regulates what comes in and out

Phospholipids ( Heads )

Hydrophilic ( Water Loving )

Phospholipids ( Tails )

Hydrophobic ( Water Fear )

Surface area allows the moment of stuff ______ or _____ of the cell.

In , Out

Glycoprotein

It is composed of both carbohydrate and a protein. They form hydrogen bonds with the water molecules surrounding the cell and thus help to stabilise membrane structure.

What is hydrophobic like in the interior of the plasma membrane

Lipid soluble molecule

Eukaryote Cell

More common, Most multicellular, Complex cells

When molecules move down their concentration gradient, they move from where they are __________ to where they are __________.

More concentrated , Less concentrated

Prokaryote Cell

No nucleus, few organelles, simple + primitive

Diffusion across a biological membrane is called _________.

Passive Transport

Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by

Passive transport

What is true about passive transport?

Passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy

Phospholipid bilayer of membrane

Phospholipids can be recognized by the presence of a head and two tails.

Osmosis can be defined as

The diffusion of water

What controls the net direction of molecules, such as oxygen, involved, in passive transport?

The direction of the oxygen concentration gradient

Diffusion

There is a side with higher concentration of molecules on one side and side with lower concentration of molecules. With a plasma membrane in the middle. Diffusion causes a net movement of molecules down their concentration gradient.

The lipids in a cell membrane are arranged _____.

so that the nonpolar parts of two lipids point toward each other

Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means that

the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others.