Chapter 4

An optimal AP elbow projection is obtained when

The radial head superimposes the lateral aspect of the proximal ulna by 0.25 inch

An optima AP elbow projection is obtained when

The radial head superimposes the lateral aspect of the proximal ulna by 0.25 inch (0.6cm)

PA wrist projection obtained with the hand flexed and the metacarpals at 45 degree angle with the IR demonstrates 1. Closed radioulnar articulation 2. Foreshortened metacarpals 3. A decrease in scaphoid foreshortening 4. closed second through fifth carpometacarpal joint spaces

2, 3 & 4

What is the central ray angulation used for the PA axial ulnar deviated wrist projection: a scaphoid wrist fracture is suspected and the patient is unable to ulnar deviate wrist

20 degrees

Which of the following statements is true as demonstrated on a lateral elbow projection

When the wrist is in the lateral projection, the radial tuberosity is superimposed by the radius

Less than optimal lateral humerus projection demonstrating the capitulum positioned posterior to the medial trochlea

Will be obtained when the distal forearm is not brought close enough to the torso

A tangential, inferosuperior carpal canal wrist projection with poor positioning demonstrates superimposition of the pisiform and hamulus of the hamate. How should the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal image to be obtained?

Internally rotate the hand

PA wrist projection in radial deviation demonstrates 1. The lunate positioned distal to the ulna 2. Foreshortened scaphoid 3. Closed CM joints 4. An elongated scaphoid

1 & 2

A lateral forearm projection obtained in a patient with the proximal humerus elevated and the wrist internally rotated demonstrates the: 1. Radial Head posterior to the coronoid process 2. Pisiform anterior to the distal scaphoid 3. Capitulum distal to the medial trochlea 4. Pisiform distal to the distal scaphoid

1 & 3

A lateral elbow projection demonstrates the radial head situated anterior and proximal to the coronoid process. How was the patient positioned for such an image to be obtained? 1. The distal forearm was too high 2. Distal forearm was too low 3. Proximal humerus was too high 4. Proximal humerus was too low

1 & 4

Later wrist projection obtained with the wrist in slight internal rotation demonstrates the 1. Distal scaphoid anterior to the pisiform 2. Radius posterior to ulna 3. Distal scaphoid distal to the pisiform 4. Radius anterior to the ulna

1 & 4

A lateral forearm projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1. Distal scaphoid slightly distal to pisiform 2. Ulnar styloid in profile 3. An open elbow joint space 4. Radial tuberosity in profile

1, 2 & 3

A lateral hand projection obtained with the hand in slight external rotation demonstrates the 1. shortest of the second through fourth metacarpals anteriorly situated. 2. radius posterior to the ulna. 3. second metacarpal posterior to the other metacarpals. 4. pisiform posterior to the distal scaphoid.

1, 2 & 3

An AP elbow projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1. the medial and lateral humeral epicondyles in profile. 2. the radial tuberosity in profile medially. 3. an open capitulum-radial joint. 4. the ulna free of radial head and radial tuberosity superimposition.

1, 2 & 3

Which of the following are in profile on an optimally positioned AP humerus projection 1. Lateral Epicondyle 2. Medial Epicondyle 3. Lesser tubercle 4. Greater tubercle

1, 2 & 4

Lateral Elbow Projection with accurate positioning 1. An open elbow joint space 2. Radial head distal to the coronoid process 3. Radius superimposing the radial tuberosity 4. Anterior fat pad

1, 3 & 4

A PA hand projection obtained with the hand flexed demonstrates 1. foreshortened phalanges. 2. the thumb in a lateral projection. 3. closed IP joint spaces. 4. foreshortened metacarpals.

1,2,3,4

A PA wrist projection obtained in slight external rotation demonstrates 1. superimposition of the laterally located carpal bones. 2. a closed radioulnar articulation. 3. open lateral carpal joint spaces. 4. the radial styloid in profile.

2 & 3

A lateral finger projection obtained with the finger in a 45-degree PA oblique projection demonstrates 1. equal soft tissue width on both sides of the phalanges. 2. more midshaft concavity on one side of the phalanges than on the opposite side. 3. twice as much soft tissue on one side of the phalanges as on the opposite side. 4. convexity on one side of the phalanges and concavity on the opposite side.

2 & 3

AP elbow projection obtained with the elbow internally rotated demonstrates 1. Radial tuberosity in profile 2. An open capitulum- radial joint space 3. More than 0.25 inch of radial head and ulnar superimposition 4. Less than 0.25 inch of radial head and ulnar superimposition

2 & 3

A lateral elbow projection obtained with the wrist and hand pronates demonstrates 1. The radial head anterior to the coronoid 2. The radial tuberosity in profile anteriorly 3. An open elbow joint 4. Radial tuberosity in profile posteriorly

3 & 4

An AP forearm projection obtained with the wrist and elbow in lateral rotation demonstrates 1. superimposed first and second metacarpal bases. 2. the proximal radius superimposed over the ulna by more than 0.25 inch (0.6 cm). 3. superimposed fourth and fifth metacarpal bases. 4. the proximal radius and ulna without superimposition.

3 & 4

Internally rotated AP oblique elbow projection with accurate positioning demonstrates which of the following structures in profile 1. Capitulum 2. Radial Head 3. Medial Trochlea 4. Coronoid Process

3 & 4

Right lateral fourth finger projection obtained with the hand internally rotated to 20 degree demonstrates 1. Equal soft tissue width on both sides of the phalanges 2. More phalangeal midshaft concavity on the side facing the fifth finger 3. Convexity on one side of the phalanges and concavity on opposite side 4. Greater phalangeal midshaft concavity on the side facing the third finger

4 only

What is the central ray angulation used for a PA axial, ulnar deviated wrist projection: a proximal scaphoid is suspected and the patient is to ulnar deviate the wrist?

5 to 10 degrees

A less than optimal lateral elbow projection demonstrating the capitulum posterior to the medial trochlea

Be obtained when the distal forearm is elevated

A PA axial, ulnar-deviated wrist projection with poor positioning demonstrates a closed scaphocapitate joint and an open hamate-capitate joint. How should the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal image to be obtained?

Decrease the degree of external wrist rotation

How is the patient positioned for a PA wrist projection to superimpose the anterior and posterior margins of the distal radius and obtain open radioscaphoid and radiolunate joint spaces?

Depress the proximal forearm

What is the degree of central ray angulation that should be used for an ulnar deviated PA axial wrist projection being obtained to demonstrate a proximal scaphoid fracture

Use a 10 degree angle if the first metacarpal and ulna are aligned

Less than optimal lateral wrist projection demonstrating the distal scaphoid anterior to the pisiform

Was obtained with the wrist internally rotated

To take advantage of the anode heel affect when imaging the forearm

Wrist is positioned at the anode end of the X-ray tube

Less than optimal AP elbow projection demonstrating the ulna without radial head superimposition

was obtained with the elbow in external rotation.